Ice age‐driven range shifts of diploids and expanding autotetraploids of Biscutella laevigata within a conserved niche

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 10, 2024

Summary Early studies of the textbook mixed‐ploidy system Biscutella laevigata highlighted diploids restricted to never‐glaciated lowlands and tetraploids at high elevations across European Alps, promoting hypothesis that whole‐genome duplication (WGD) is advantageous under environmental changes. Here we addressed long‐held hypotheses on role hybridisation origin tetraploids, their single vs multiple origins, whether a shift in climatic niche accompanied WGD. Climatic modelling together with spatial genetics coalescent based ddRAD‐seq genotyping 17 diploid 19 tetraploid populations was used revisit evolution this species complex space time. Diploids differentiated into four genetic lineages corresponding allopatric glacial refugia onset last ice age, whereas displaying tetrasomic inheritance formed uniform group originated from southern before maximum. Derived occurring elevation, autotetraploids likely inherited adaptation elevation rather than having evolved it through or after They further presented considerable postglacial expansion Alps underwent admixture diploids. Although underpinnings successful remain elusive, differentiation B. chiefly driven by history Alps.

Language: Английский

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Jumping through hoops: Structural rearrangements and accelerated mutation rates on Dendrodorididae (Mollusca: Nudibranchia) mitogenomes rumble their evolution

Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 108218 - 108218

Published: Oct. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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The Species as a Reproductive Community Emerging From the Past

Bulletin of the Society of Systematic Biologists, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 2(1), P. 1 - 35

Published: Dec. 8, 2023

Biologists and philosophers of science have been unable to fully resolve the decades-long controversy as what kind unit living biodiversity should receive valued label “species”: reproductive communities (among sexual organisms), genealogical groups, or clusters organisms that share traits. Among these choices, which represent a spectrum from process history observable outcome (respectively), latter (more operationalist) concepts are not viable. Species must embody imply cohesive integrating processes such interbreeding shared ecological pressures if they sufficient power bear burden we give them: predict explain traits across genome among organisms. This commitment is needed whether biologists use species taxonomic containers synthesize data, minimal phylogenetic units, actors in evolutionary diversification. These varied uses can be satisfied via concept community, but strict Biological Concept (BSC). Its two drawbacks focus on contemporary restriction intrinsic factors. Current compatibility may future matings, it does well genes already have. The alive today were shaped by isolating factors past, those present, whatever extent differ. most broadly-useful therefore see retrospectively, past. As well, BSC’s exclusion extrinsic renders each its units incomplete explanation synthesis. Reproductive nature isolated just (genetic) differences, also purely (e.g., geographic) Such real, natural entities whose integrated self-reinforcing constrained descent aligned distribution many Retrospective Community (RRCC), formalized mathematically multispecies coalescent models, justifies traditional practice taxonomists using morphological data seek echoes past cohesion. However, naturally deserve ranked species, demes populations, vexing question. There no natural, discrete broadly informative rank applies universally, perhaps even usually. To justified, justified for asexual sexuals. presence absence sex one example variability confront. Because vary clades, useful broadly-applicable cannot specify detailed mechanisms. Nor perfectly align named taxonomy with evolution, because structured match taxonomy’s partition boxes. Taxonomic approximate, only units. Settling retrospection, letting go meaning rank, accepting approximation allow biology turn far more daunting task: listening world understand interacting built distinction identity, emerging out into present day.

Language: Английский

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Genetic architecture of ecological divergence between Oryza rufipogon and Oryza nivara

Molecular Ecology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 33(5)

Published: Jan. 17, 2024

Abstract Ecological divergence due to habitat difference plays a prominent role in the formation of new species, but genetic architecture during ecological speciation and mechanism underlying phenotypic remain less understood. Two wild ancestors rice ( Oryza rufipogon nivara ) are progenitor‐derivative species pair with provide unique system for studying adaptation/speciation. Here, we constructed high‐resolution linkage map conducted quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis 19 traits using an F 2 population generated from cross between two species. We identified 113 QTLs associated interspecific 16 traits, effect sizes ranging 1.61% 34.1% terms percentage variation explained (PVE). The distribution followed negative exponential, suggesting that few genes large many small were responsible divergence. observed 18 clusters (QTL hotspots) on 11 chromosomes, significantly more than expected by chance, demonstrating importance coinheritance loci/genes Analysis direction v ‐test statistics revealed differentiation most was driven divergent natural selection, supporting argument adaptation/speciation would proceed rapidly under coordinated selection multiple traits. Our findings insights into understanding adaptation plants help effective manipulation specific or gene cluster breeding.

Language: Английский

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Rapid evolution of recombination landscapes during the divergence of cichlid ecotypes in Lake Masoko

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 23, 2024

Abstract Meiotic recombination is fundamental to evolution of sexually reproducing organisms and differences in rates are important during rapid adaptation organismal diversification. Many unknowns remain regarding how why landscapes evolve nature. Here, we reconstruct maps based on linkage disequilibrium use subsampling simulations show that fine-scale differ substantially between two cichlid fish ecotypes Astatotilapia calliptera diverged only ∼2,500 generations ago. The observed results not driven by PDRM9, whose binding sites do any relationship this species. We regions where histories have non-random distribution across chromosomes. They associated with, but partially explained, high divergence allele frequency ( F ST ) / or nucleotide diversity. also found 47 large haplotype blocks polymorphic Lake Masoko, cover 21% the genome, appear include inversions, contribute disproportionately recombination. Only a small number them elevated . While some old likely maintained balancing selection, for most, age ancestry close genome-wide average. Among blocks, there strong clear association degree ecotype clustering individual heterozygosity. Overall, our work provides holistic view changes early stages speciation with gene flow advances understanding combinatorial basis evolution.

Language: Английский

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