Host adaptive radiation is associated with rapid virus diversification and cross-species transmission in African cichlid fishes

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34(6), P. 1247 - 1257.e3

Published: Feb. 29, 2024

Adaptive radiations are generated through a complex interplay of biotic and abiotic factors. Although adaptive have been widely studied in the context animal plant evolution, little is known about how they impact evolution viruses that infect these hosts, which turn may provide insights into drivers cross-species transmission hence disease emergence. We examined rapid radiation cichlid fishes African Lake Tanganyika over last 10 million years has shaped diversity carry. Through metatranscriptomic analysis 2,242 RNA sequencing libraries, we identified 121 vertebrate-associated among various tissue types fell 13 4 DNA virus groups. Host-switching was commonplace, particularly within Astroviridae, Metahepadnavirus, Nackednavirus, Picornaviridae, Hepacivirus groups, occurring more frequently than other fish communities. A time-calibrated phylogeny revealed hepacivirus diversification not constant throughout but accelerated 2–3 ago, coinciding with period niche packing Tanganyika, thereby providing closely related hosts for viral infection. These data depict dynamic ecosystem cichlids characterized by frequent host jumping, likely reflecting their close phylogenetic relationships lower barriers to transmission.

Language: Английский

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Understanding Influenza

Methods in molecular biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 26

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Diversity, evolution, and emergence of fish viruses

Journal of Virology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 98(6)

Published: May 24, 2024

The production of aquatic animals has more than doubled over the last 50 years and is anticipated to continually increase. While fish are recognized as a valuable sustainable source nutrition, particularly in context human population growth climate change, rapid expansion aquaculture coincides with emergence highly pathogenic viruses that often spread globally through aquacultural practices. Here, we provide an overview virome its relevance for disease emergence, focus on insights gained metagenomic sequencing, noting potential areas future study. In particular, describe diversity evolution viruses, which majority have no known associations, demonstrate how emerge populations, most notably at expanding domestic-wild interface. We also show wild powerful tractable model system study virus ecology broadly can be used identify major factors shape vertebrate viromes. Central this process virus-host co-divergence proceeds many millions years, combined ongoing cross-species transmission.

Language: Английский

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Ecoclimate drivers shape virome diversity in a globally invasive tick species

The ISME Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Abstract Spillovers of viruses from animals to humans occur more frequently under warmer conditions, particularly arboviruses. The invasive tick species Haemaphysalis longicornis, the Asian longhorned tick, poses a significant public health threat due its global expansion and potential carry wide range pathogens. We analyzed meta-transcriptomic data 3595 adult H. longicornis ticks collected between 2016 2019 in 22 provinces across China encompassing diverse ecological conditions. Generalized additive modeling revealed that climate factors exerted stronger influence on virome than other factors, such as ecotypes, distance coastline, animal host, gender, antiviral immunity. To understand how changes drive virome, we performed mechanistic investigation using causality inference with emphasis significance this process for health. Our findings demonstrated higher temperatures lower relative humidity/precipitation contribute variations host diversity, leading increased diversity evenness vertebrate-associated viruses. These may explain evolution tick-borne into generalists multiple hosts, thereby increasing probability spillover events involving Deep learning projections have indicated is expected increase 81.9% regions SSP8.5 scenario 2030. Extension surveillance should be implemented avert spread diseases.

Language: Английский

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Evolution and Current Status of Influenza A Virus in Chile: A Review

Pathogens, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(10), P. 1252 - 1252

Published: Oct. 17, 2023

The influenza A virus (IAV) poses a significant global threat to public health and food security. Particularly concerning is the avian (AIV) subtype H5N1, which has spread from Europe North Central/South America. This review presents recent developments in IAV evolution birds, mammals, humans Chile. Chile's encounter with began 2002, highly pathogenic (HPAI) H7N3 virus, derived unique South American low (LPAI) virus. In 2016-2017, LPAI H7N6 caused outbreaks turkey, linked wild birds Chile Bolivia. pandemic (H1N1) 2009 (H1N1pdm09) decreased egg production turkeys. Since 2012, diverse subtypes have emerged backyard poultry pigs. Reassortant AIVs, incorporating genes both isolates, been found since 2007. Notably, December 2022, HPAI H5N1 was detected sea lions, human, along north coast. It introduced through Atlantic migratory flyways These findings emphasize need for enhanced biosecurity on farms ongoing genomic surveillance understand manage AIVs domestic bird populations

Language: Английский

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Using structure prediction of negative sense RNA virus nucleoproteins to assess evolutionary relationships

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 17, 2024

Abstract Negative sense RNA viruses (NSV) include some of the most detrimental human pathogens, including influenza, Ebola and measles viruses. NSV genomes consist one or multiple single-stranded molecules that are encapsidated into more ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes. These RNPs viral RNA, a polymerase, many copies nucleoprotein (NP). Current evolutionary relationships within phylum based on alignment conserved RNA-directed polymerase (RdRp) domain amino acid sequences. However, RdRp domain-based phylogeny does not address whether NP, other core protein in genome, evolved along same trajectory several RdRp-NP pairs through convergent evolution segmented non-segmented architectures. Addressing how NP may help us better understand diversity. Since sequences too short to infer robust phylogenetic relationships, we here used experimentally-obtained AlphaFold 2.0-predicted structures probe can be estimated using Following flexible structure alignments modeled structures, find structural homology NPs reveals clusters consistent with RdRp-based clustering. In addition, were able assign for which currently missing available sequence. Both our NP-based deviate from current classification Naedrevirales , cluster NSVs analysis. Overall, results suggest genes largely similar trajectories even pieces genetic, protein-coding information potentially making metagenomic analyses valuable.

Language: Английский

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Structural and functional analysis of the minimal orthomyxovirus-like polymerase of Tilapia Lake Virus from the highly diverged Amnoonviridae family

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Dec. 9, 2023

Abstract Tilapia Lake Virus (TiLV), a recently discovered pathogen of tilapia fish, belongs to the Amnoonviridae family from Articulavirales order. Its ten genome segments have characteristic conserved ends and encode proteins with no known homologues, apart segment 1, which encodes an orthomyxo-like RNA-dependent-RNA polymerase core subunit. Here we show that 1–3 respectively PB1, PB2 PA-like subunits active heterotrimeric maintains all domains found in distantly related influenza polymerase, despite unprecedented overall size reduction 40%. Multiple high-resolution cryo-EM structures TiLV pre-initiation, initiation elongation states, how it binds vRNA cRNA promoters performs RNA synthesis, both transcriptase replicase configurations being characterised. However, highly truncated endonuclease-like domain appears inactive putative cap-binding is autoinhibited, emphasising many functional aspects remain be elucidated.

Language: Английский

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Using structure prediction of negative sense RNA virus nucleoproteins to assess evolutionary relationships

Virus Evolution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Negative sense RNA viruses (NSV) include some of the most detrimental human pathogens, including influenza, Ebola, and measles viruses. NSV genomes consist one or multiple single-stranded molecules that are encapsidated into more ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes. These RNPs viral RNA, a polymerase, many copies nucleoprotein (NP). Current evolutionary relationships within phylum based on alignment conserved RNA-dependent polymerase (RdRp) domain amino acid sequences. However, RdRp domain-based phylogeny does not address whether NP, other core protein in genome, evolved along same trajectory several RdRp-NP pairs through convergent evolution segmented non-segmented genome architectures. Addressing how NP may help us better understand diversity. Since sequences too short to infer robust phylogenetic relationships, we here used experimentally obtained AlphaFold 2.0-predicted structures probe can be estimated using Following flexible structure alignments modeled structures, find structural homology NPs reveals clusters consistent with RdRp-based clustering. In addition, were able assign for which currently missing available sequence. Both our NP-based deviate from current classification

Language: Английский

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Towards a Comprehensive Definition of Pandemics and Strategies for Prevention: A Historical Review and Future Perspectives

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(9), P. 1802 - 1802

Published: Aug. 30, 2024

The lack of a universally accepted definition pandemic hinders comprehensive understanding and effective response to these global health crises. Current definitions often quantitative criteria, rendering them vague limiting their utility. Here, we propose refined that considers the likelihood susceptible individuals contracting an infectious disease culminates in widespread transmission, increased morbidity mortality, profound societal, economic, political consequences. Applying this retrospectively, identify 22 pandemics occurred between 165 2024 AD were caused by variety diseases, including smallpox (Antonine American), plague (Justinian, Black Death, Third Plague), cholera (seven pandemics), influenza (two Russian, Spanish, Asian, Hong Kong, swine), AIDS, coronaviruses (SARS, MERS, COVID-19). This work presents analysis past both emerging re-emerging pathogens, along with epidemiological characteristics, societal impact, evolution public responses. We also highlight need for proactive measures reduce risk future pandemics. These strategies include prioritizing surveillance zoonotic conserving biodiversity counter wildlife trafficking, minimizing potential spillover events. In addition, interventions such as promoting alternative protein sources, enforcing closure live animal markets biodiversity-rich regions, fostering collaboration among diverse stakeholders are critical preventing Crucially, improving systems will require concerted efforts local, national international entities, laboratories, field researchers, conservationists, government agencies other stakeholders. By collaborative networks establishing robust biorepositories, can strengthen our collective capacity detect, monitor, mitigate emergence transmission pathogens.

Language: Английский

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A plasmid-based reverse genetics system for tilapia lake virus (TiLV)

Aquaculture, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 595, P. 741575 - 741575

Published: Sept. 6, 2024

Language: Английский

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