Ocean & Coastal Management, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 253, P. 107131 - 107131
Published: April 18, 2024
Language: Английский
Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(9), P. 1745 - 1745
Published: Sept. 5, 2023
Disruptions often happen to ports and cause varying degrees of port congestion. This study employs a queueing model investigate network disruption the resultant ripple effects in global transportation system. We first propose an algorithm solve model. Based on model, we obtain analytical results or hypotheses regarding mechanism under disruptions. further conduct simulations examine hypotheses. Three key findings this are: (1) disruptions small lead longer round-trip time compared those large port; (2) herding behavior system causes heavier congestion also produces more emissions; (3) major-rare waiting at both other call These insights can help operators understand put place countermeasures.
Language: Английский
Citations
7
Frontiers in Marine Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11
Published: Feb. 14, 2024
Emission trading is an efficient measure to combat climate change, which one of the biggest threats international community and human health. The shipping industry has previously been considered energy-saving but growth rate its emissions far exceeds that other industries. On 10 May 2023, EU enacted Regulation (EU) 2023/957, officially included in EU-ETS. Therefore, this may lead investor-state disputes regarding emission marine due conflicts between obligation change protect investments host states. This resulted breaching International Investment Agreements. In context, study aimed propose practical recommendations for global market practitioners avoid potential risks by reflecting on existing practice change-related dispute resolutions identifying trends problems current resolution mechanism. These inconsistency review standard, scope, broad interpretation tribunal. Finally, proposed setting public purpose exception clauses preambles Agreements incorporating specific obligations foreign investors regulatory power hosting states drafting stage, new directive could be effectively reduced.
Language: Английский
Citations
2
Sustainability, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(5), P. 2222 - 2222
Published: March 6, 2024
The Glasgow Declaration called for scientifically based measurements of CO2 emissions in the tourism industry to monitor progress toward achievement goals Paris Agreement. Despite economic and employment downturn caused by COVID-19, there are limited cases environmental assessments related tourism. In this study, we estimated CFP G20 countries before after COVID-19. By combining MRIO Tourism Satellite Accounts, clarified different impacts on markets domestic inbound tourism, aiming provide a quantitative basis setting grounded towards transition sustainable GHG from mainly stem transportation, but souvenirs, accommodations, food beverages also result significant differences among countries. pandemic has greatly impacted industry. 2020, both significantly decreased due decrease number tourists. some countries, measures against COVID-19 influenced these figures, although signs recovery were observed 2021, degree reduction varied country. These emission reductions should be pursued post-COVID-19 era, efforts made achieve
Language: Английский
Citations
2
Ocean & Coastal Management, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 244, P. 106768 - 106768
Published: Aug. 13, 2023
Language: Английский
Citations
6
Ocean & Coastal Management, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 253, P. 107131 - 107131
Published: April 18, 2024
Language: Английский
Citations
1