Sleep physiology, pathophysiology, and sleep hygiene

Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 77, P. 59 - 69

Published: Feb. 24, 2023

Language: Английский

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Is Melatonin the “Next Vitamin D”?: A Review of Emerging Science, Clinical Uses, Safety, and Dietary Supplements

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(19), P. 3934 - 3934

Published: Sept. 22, 2022

Melatonin has become a popular dietary supplement, most known as chronobiotic, and for establishing healthy sleep. Research over the last decade into cancer, Alzheimer’s disease, multiple sclerosis, fertility, PCOS, many other conditions, combined with COVID-19 pandemic, led to greater awareness of melatonin because its ability act potent antioxidant, immune-active agent, mitochondrial regulator. There are distinct similarities between vitamin D in depth breadth their impact on health. Both hormones, affect systems through immune-modulating, anti-inflammatory functions, found skin, responsive sunlight darkness. In fact, there may be widespread concern about deficiency “sunlight deficiency” reduced secretion result “darkness from overexposure artificial blue light. The trend toward use supplements resulted safety, especially higher doses, long-term use, application certain populations (e.g., children). This review aims evaluate recent data melatonin’s mechanisms, clinical uses beyond sleep, safety concerns, thorough summary therapeutic considerations concerning supplementation, including different formats available (animal, synthetic, phytomelatonin), dosing, timing, contraindications, nutrient combinations.

Language: Английский

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Circadian Rhythms Disrupted by Light at Night and Mistimed Food Intake Alter Hormonal Rhythms and Metabolism

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(4), P. 3392 - 3392

Published: Feb. 8, 2023

Availability of artificial light and light-emitting devices have altered human temporal life, allowing 24-hour healthcare, commerce production, expanding social life around the clock. However, physiology behavior that evolved in context 24 h solar days are frequently perturbed by exposure to at night. This is particularly salient circadian rhythms, result endogenous biological clocks with a rhythm ~24 h. Circadian rhythms govern features behavior, set precisely primarily during day, though other factors, such as timing meals, can also affect rhythms. significantly affected night shift work because nocturnal light, electronic devices, shifts meals. Night workers increased risk for metabolic disorder, well several types cancer. Others who exposed or late mealtimes show disrupted cardiac disorders. It imperative understand how alter function develop strategies mitigate their negative effects. In this review, we provide an introduction physiological regulation homeostasis suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), SCN-mediated hormones display including melatonin glucocorticoids. Next, discuss circadian-gated processes sleep food intake, followed modern lighting disrupts molecular clock Lastly, identify disruptions metabolism increase susceptibility syndrome cardiovascular diseases, various harmful consequences associated on health.

Language: Английский

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Seasonality of brain function: role in psychiatric disorders

Translational Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Feb. 22, 2023

Abstract Seasonality patterns are reported in various psychiatric disorders. The current paper summarizes findings on brain adaptations associated with seasonal changes, factors that contribute to individual differences and their implications for Changes circadian rhythms likely prominently mediate these effects since light strongly entrains the internal clock modifying function. Inability of accommodate changes might increase risk mood behavior problems as well worse clinical outcomes Understanding mechanisms account inter-individual variations seasonality is relevant development individualized prevention treatment Despite promising findings, still understudied only controlled a covariate most research. Rigorous neuroimaging studies thoughtful experimental designs, powered sample sizes high temporal resolution alongside deep characterization environment needed better understand adaptions human function age, sex, geographic latitude investigate underlying alterations adaptation

Language: Английский

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A review of the current state of research on artificial blue light safety as it applies to digital devices

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 8(8), P. e10282 - e10282

Published: Aug. 1, 2022

Light is necessary for human health and well-being. As we spend more time indoors, are being increasingly exposed to artificial light. The development of lighting has allowed us control the brightness, colour, timing our light exposure. Yet, widespread use raised concerns about impact altering environment on health. adoption personal digital devices over past decade yet another source We a significant amount using with light-emitting screens, including smartphones tablets, at close range. emitted from these devices, while appearing white, an emission spectrum peak in blue Blue often characterised as hazardous its photon energy higher than that other wavelengths visible Under certain conditions, can cause harm retina ocular structures. also influence circadian rhythm processes mediated by melanopsin-expressing intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells. While component sunlight various physiological processes, whether low-illuminance presents risk remains ongoing area debate. technological advancements continue, it relevant understand how new may This review examines existing research safety eye, visual performance, functions.

Language: Английский

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Group bright light therapy compared to treatment as usual for delayed sleep–wake phase disorder among patients in psychiatric care (the SIP trials): a protocol for a pragmatic, randomised controlled trial

BMJ Open, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(4), P. e093091 - e093091

Published: April 1, 2025

Introduction Circadian rhythm sleep–wake disturbances appear to be prevalent in psychiatric populations and may maintain exacerbate symptoms. Bright light therapy (BLT) is, addition exogenous melatonin, the treatment of choice for circadian disorders like delayed phase disorder (DSWPD) has yielded promising results patients with comorbid illness. However, such are rarely offered this outpatient clinics. The aim randomised controlled trial is investigate whether group BLT outpatients superior as usual (TAU). Methods analysis 60 moderate-to-severe illness who meet criteria DSWPD will recruited from an clinic Norway. They (1:1) a group-based Sleep School Wake Up! For (SSWU-C) programme conjointly TAU or while on wait list SSWU-C. SSWU-C delivered over four biweekly sessions, each lasting 120 min; hence last 6 weeks. Assessments collected at baseline (T1) after intervention (T2). primary outcome changes sleep timing using measures diaries, actigraphy dim melatonin onset (DLMO) weeks postintervention. Secondary outcomes include other metrics, symptoms depression, anxiety, fatigue, problems work social adjustment well-being. Mixed models used data analyses. Ethics dissemination Ethical approval was granted 2020 by Regional Committee Western Norway (REK 2020/66304). Findings published peer-reviewed journals presented research conferences relevant media. document need more specific sleep-directed treatments clinics way treating not only but also alleviate Trial registration number NCT05177055 .

Language: Английский

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Blue-light filtering spectacle lenses for visual performance, sleep, and macular health in adults

Cochrane library, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 2023(8)

Published: Aug. 18, 2023

Language: Английский

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Effects of dynamic bedroom lighting on measures of sleep and circadian rest-activity rhythm in inpatients with major depressive disorder

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: April 12, 2022

Bright light therapy is an effective treatment option for seasonal and non-seasonal affective disorders. However up to now, no study has investigated effects of dynamic bedroom lighting in hospitalized patients with major depression. A system, which automatically delivered artificial dawn dusk blue-depleted nighttime (DD-N lighting) was installed a psychiatric ward. Patients moderate severe depression were randomly assigned stay bedrooms the new or standard system. wore wrist actimeters during first two weeks. Additionally, hospitalization duration daily psychotropic medication retrieved from patients' medical charts. Data thirty patients, recorded over period weeks, analyzed. under DD-N generally woke earlier (+ 20 min), slept longer (week 1: + 11 min; week 2: 27 min) showed higher sleep efficiency 2.4%) shorter periods awakenings (- 15 min). In second week, started most active 10-h 33 min - 64 min, respectively). This pilot gives evidence that depressed circadian rest/activity system may benefit when starting inpatient treatment.

Language: Английский

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Effects of evening smartphone use on sleep and declarative memory consolidation in male adolescents and young adults

Brain Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 6(3)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Abstract Exposure to short-wavelength light before bedtime is known disrupt nocturnal melatonin secretion and can impair subsequent sleep. However, while it has been demonstrated that older adults are less affected by light, there limited research exploring differences between adolescents young adults. Furthermore, remains unclear whether the effects of evening on sleep architecture extend sleep-related processes, such as declarative memory consolidation. Here, we recorded polysomnography from 33 male (15.42 ± 0.97 years) 35 (21.51 2.06 in a within-subject design during three different nights investigate impact reading for 90 min either smartphone with or without blue-light filter printed book. We measured subjective sleepiness, secretion, physiology sleep-dependent While sleepiness remained unaffected, observed significant attenuation effect both age groups immediately after filter. Interestingly, fully recovered following 50 bedtime, whereas still, at exhibited significantly reduced levels. Sleep-dependent consolidation coupling spindles slow oscillations were not groups. Nevertheless, showed reduction N3 first night quarter. In summary, avoiding use last hour advisable prevent disturbances. Our empirically supports general hygiene advice inform future recommendations regarding smartphones other screen-based devices bedtime.

Language: Английский

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Chronobiologic treatments for mood disorders

Handbook of clinical neurology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 181 - 192

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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