Myopia and Near Work: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 20(1), P. 875 - 875

Published: Jan. 3, 2023

Background: Myopia is a global public health problem affecting quality of life and work productivity. Data scarce regarding the effects near on myopia. Providing larger meta-analysis with life-long perspective, including adults occupational exposure seemed needed. Methods: We searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase Science Direct for studies reporting myopia prevalence in work. was defined as mean spherical equivalent ≤ −0.50 diopter. performed using random-effects model prevalence, progression per year, odds ratio (OR) work, completed by subgroup analyses meta-regressions patients’ characteristics, type adults, geographic zones, time characteristics Results: included 78 studies, representing total 254,037 participants, aged from 6 to 39 years. The 35% (95% CI: 30 41%), 31% 26 37%) children 46% 62%) adults. −0.39 diopters year (−0.53 −0.24 D/year), ranging −0.44 (−0.57 −0.31) −0.25 D/year (−0.56 0.06) workers exposed vs. non-exposed were increased 26% (18 34%), (21 42%) 21% (6 35%) Prevalence higher compared (Coefficient 0.15, 95% 0.03 0.27). Conclusions: Near conditions, could be associated Targeted prevention should implemented workplace.

Language: Английский

---

Machine learning for predicting the treatment effect of orthokeratology in children

Frontiers in Pediatrics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: Jan. 6, 2023

Purpose Myopia treatment using orthokeratology (ortho-k) slows myopia progression. However, it is not equally effective in all patients. We aimed to predict the effect of ortho-k a machine-learning-assisted (ML) prediction model. Methods Of 119 patients who started between January 1, 2019, and 2022, 91 met inclusion criteria were included Ocular parameters clinical characteristics collected. A logistic regression model with least absolute shrinkage selection operator was used select factors associated effect. Results Age, baseline axial length, pupil diameter, lens wearing time, time spent outdoors, on near work, white-to-white distance, anterior corneal flat keratometry, posterior astigmatism selected (aera under curve: 0.949). The decision curve analysis showed beneficial effects. C-statistic predictive 0.821 (95% CI: 0.815, 0.827). Conclusion ortho-k. This ML-assisted may assist ophthalmologists making decisions for patients, improving control, predicting via retrospective non-intervention trial.

Language: Английский

---

Conjunctival ultraviolet autofluorescence as a biomarker of outdoor exposure in myopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Jan. 11, 2024

Abstract Outdoor exposure is considered the primary modifiable risk factor in preventing development of myopia. This effect thought to be attributed light-induced synthesis and release dopamine retina. However, until recent years, there was no objective quantifiable method available measure association between time spent outdoors It only recently that conjunctival ultraviolet autofluorescence (CUVAF) area, serving as a biomarker for sun exposure, has begun utilized numerous studies. To provide comprehensive summary relevant evidence pertaining CUVAF area myopia across different geographic regions age groups, systematic review meta-analysis were conducted. The search encompassed multiple databases, including MEDLINE, SCIENCE DIRECT, GOOGLE SCHOLAR, WEB OF SCIENCE, SCOPUS, specific terms such "conjunctival autofluorescence", "CUVAF", "UVAF", "objective marker ocular exposure", "myopia", "degenerative myopia", "high myopia". bibliographic research included papers published years 2006 2022. A total 4051 records initially identified, after duplicates removed, 49 articles underwent full-text review. Nine These studies covered outdoor (Australia, Europe India) with population 3615 individuals. They found myopes generally had smaller areas compared non-myopes. confirmed this, revealing statistically myopic patients, mean difference − 3.30 mm 2 (95% CI 5.53; 1.06). Additionally, some showed positive correlation more larger areas. In time, patients reported less than non-myopic individuals, 3.38 h/week 4.66; 2.09). Overall, these findings highlight connection myopia, regional variations playing significant role. results this validate quantitative objectively relation development.

Language: Английский

---

Dissecting the complex sex-based associations of myopia with height and weight

Eye, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 38(8), P. 1485 - 1495

Published: Jan. 19, 2024

Language: Английский

---

Association Between Physical Indicators and Myopia in American Adolescents: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2008

American Journal of Ophthalmology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 260, P. 132 - 139

Published: Dec. 26, 2023

Language: Английский

---

Risk factors for ocular biological parameters in Chinese preschool children: a cohort study from the Beijing whole childhood eye study

Frontiers in Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Feb. 7, 2025

The high myopia prevalence in young East Asian children necessitates early detection and prevention strategies. Axial length (AL), corneal radius of curvature (CR), the AL to CR ratio (AL/CR) are potential biomarkers. However, influence genetic, growth development, environmental factors on these metrics Chinese preschool remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed investigate effects AL, CR, AL/CR aged 3-6 years Beijing. In 3-month study, initiated November 2021, from nine kindergartens Beijing were randomly selected for ocular biological parameter measurements. height weight each child measured, their parents completed a questionnaire parental influences. calculated. One-way analysis variance, univariate analysis, multiple linear regression models (with age, sex, height, weight, myopia, continuous near-work time, electronic products use, outdoor activity time as variables) used compare different variables ratio. Overall, 1,353 participants (708 boys; mean 4.37 ± 0.82 years) included study. revealed that significantly increased (p = 0.002, p < 0.001). Male had longer larger greater than female (all A associated with (both age was positively amount spent outdoors 0.004). Ocular parameters influenced by factors. Among Beijing, monitoring investigating evaluating eye habits have certain guiding significance delaying increases This may provide some suggestions development healthy habits.

Language: Английский

---

Refractive Error and Ocular Pathology of Children Examined in an Ophthalmological Practice in Moldova

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(5), P. 1554 - 1554

Published: Feb. 26, 2025

Background/Objective: Poor vision can lead to low academic performance and negatively affect the quality of life. In Moldova, there are few guidelines for eye care in children. Further, prevalence refractive errors, visual impairment, or disease Moldovan children is unknown. The study aimed explore errors among examined ophthalmological practice Moldova. Methods: had a cross-sectional design, including consecutive patients, aged <18 years, an Chișinău, during two time periods, from July September 2018 May June 2023. Results: Data 299 (157 female) 0–18 years were collected. all, 177 (59.2%) cycloplegic refraction assessment error: 47 age group 0–2 64 3–6 66 7–18 years. under 3 8 (17%) emmetropic (−0.50 D < SER +0.50 D), 4 (9%) myopic (SER ≤ −0.50 34 (72%) mild hyperopia (0.5 SE 3.0), 1 (2%) high > 3.0). Among 11 5 (8%) 46 2 (3%) over 6 33 (50%) 27 (41%) (6%) A total (2.3%) amblyopia 19 (6.4%) ocular pathologies. Twelve (6.8%) visually impaired with their habitual correction. Conclusions: Half school myopia little less than half hyperopia. toddlers pre-school children, one four at risk developing myopia.

Language: Английский

---

Incidence of myopia in Swedish schoolchildren: A longitudinal study

Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 44(6), P. 1301 - 1308

Published: July 2, 2024

Abstract Purpose The prevalence of myopia in Scandinavia tends to be lower than other parts the world. This study aimed investigate incidence and its predictors Swedish children characterise this trend. Methods A 2‐year longitudinal was conducted following a cohort schoolchildren aged 8–16 years. Myopia defined as spherical equivalent refraction (SER) ≤ −0.50 D. enrolled 128 participants, 70 (55%) females with mean age 12.0 years (SD = 2.4). Results cumulative during follow‐up period 5.5%, rate 3.2 cases per 100 person‐years. Participants at baseline exhibited faster increase refractive error period. Likewise, participants two myopic parents more marked change towards myopia, regardless their initial error. Conclusion In current study, similar prevalence, low when compared These results lead us formulate new hypothesis that normal emmetropisation process may protected by educational pressure practised Sweden early childhood. Further research is necessary test hypothesis.

Language: Английский

---

Regional/ethnic differences in ocular axial elongation and refractive error progression in myopic and non‐myopic children

Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 45(1), P. 135 - 151

Published: Oct. 7, 2024

To determine the regional and ethnic differences in ocular axial elongation refractive error progression myopic non-myopic children.

Language: Английский

---

Myopia in Children: Epidemiology, Genetics, and Emerging Therapies for Treatment and Prevention

Children, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(12), P. 1446 - 1446

Published: Nov. 27, 2024

Refractive errors, particularly myopia, are among the most prevalent visual impairments globally, with rising incidence in children and adolescents. This review explores epidemiology risk factors associated development of refractive focusing on environmental lifestyle contributing to current surge myopia. We provide an overview key genetic molecular pathways driving pathogenesis myopia other emphasizing complex interplay between predisposition triggers. Understanding underlying mechanisms is crucial for identifying new strategies intervention. discuss approaches slow progression pediatric populations, including pharmacological treatment regimens (low-dose atropine), optical interventions, modifications. In addition established therapies, we highlight emerging innovations, agents advanced devices, insights into potential future treatments. Cutting-edge research gene therapy, inhibitors, neuroprotective may yield novel therapeutic targets that address root causes errors. comprehensive underscores importance early intervention highlights promising avenues research, aiming pediatricians guidance ultimately improve clinical outcomes managing preventing young adults.

Language: Английский

---