Oxford University Press eBooks,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 233 - 262
Published: July 22, 2024
Abstract
Debate
in
recent
years
has
shifted
from
vertebrates
towards
invertebrates,
where
sentience
candidature
is
more
contestable.
Octopuses
are
often
regarded
as
sentient
due
to
their
large
brains
and
impressive
intelligence.
Yet
we
should
be
aware
of
the
possibility
decouplings
between
intelligence,
brain
size,
animal
kingdom.
Precautions
safeguard
welfare
driven
by
markers
sentience.
even
when
restrict
our
focus
sentience,
octopuses
clearly
candidates.
A
review
2021
considered
evidence
cephalopod
decapod
crustaceans,
constructing
a
framework
based
on
eight
theoretically
well-motivated
criteria.
It
reported
with
high
confidence
that
satisfied
at
least
seven
The
question
exactly
enough
amassed
imply
realistic
it
would
irresponsible
ignore
difficult
judgement.
coleoid
cephalopods
decapods
Pleocyemata
suborder
clear
candidates,
whereas
Dendrobranchiata
investigation
priorities.
Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
158, P. 105450 - 105450
Published: Nov. 3, 2023
Over
the
last
decades,
interdisciplinary
field
of
affective
sciences
has
seen
proliferation
rather
than
integration
theoretical
perspectives.
This
is
due
to
differences
in
metaphysical
and
mechanistic
assumptions
about
human
phenomena
(what
they
are
how
work)
which,
shaped
by
academic
motivations
values,
have
determined
constructs
operationalizations.
An
assumption
on
purpose
can
be
used
as
a
teleological
principle
guide
construction
common
set
assumptions—a
framework
for
research.
In
this
capstone
paper
special
issue
"Towards
an
Integrated
Understanding
Human
Affectome",
we
gather
tiered
synthesize
that
account
collectively.
teleologically-grounded
offers
principled
agenda
launchpad
both
organizing
existing
perspectives
generating
new
ones.
Ultimately,
hope
Affectome
brings
us
step
closer
not
only
integrated
understanding
phenomena,
but
Oxford University Press eBooks,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: July 19, 2024
Abstract
Can
octopuses
feel
pain
and
pleasure?
What
about
crabs,
shrimps,
insects,
or
spiders?
How
do
we
tell
whether
a
person
unresponsive
after
severe
brain
injury
might
be
suffering?
When
does
fetus
in
the
womb
start
to
have
conscious
experiences?
Could
there
even
rudimentary
feelings
miniature
models
of
human
brain,
grown
from
stem
cells?
And
what
AI?
These
are
questions
edge
sentience,
they
subject
enormous,
disorienting
uncertainty.
The
stakes
immense,
neglecting
risks
can
terrible
costs.
We
need
err
on
side
caution,
yet
it’s
often
far
clear
‘erring
caution’
should
mean
practice.
going
too
far?
not
doing
enough?
Edge
Sentience
presents
comprehensive
precautionary
framework
designed
help
us
reach
ethically
sound,
evidence-based
decisions
despite
our
Akademik Hassasiyetler,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
12(27), P. 784 - 816
Published: April 30, 2025
Mystical
Experiences
and
Psychedelic
are
experiences
that
lead
to
extraordinary
states
of
consciousness.
Therefore,
they
can
contribute
significantly
solving
the
problem
source
consciousness,
which
is
an
important
issue
in
philosophy
mind.
Because,
logically,
when
a
considerable
number
specific
cases
exist
within
subject
under
consideration,
it
focus
investigation
on
these
for
solution.
The
attempt
unravel
consciousness
associated
with
pursuit
answering
profound
ontological
questions:
How
why
does
everything
exist?
Could
nothing
What
existence?
Of
course,
asks
such
questions
seeks
answers.
This
sutudy
based
laws
emergence
from
esence,
presence
inexhaustible
potential
absence
absolute
nothingness
(explained
article
text).
Over
the
last
decades,
interdisciplinary
field
of
affective
sciences
has
seen
proliferation
rather
than
integration
theoretical
perspectives.
This
is
due
to
differences
in
metaphysical
and
mechanistic
assumptions
about
human
phenomena
(what
they
are
how
work)
which,
shaped
by
academic
motivations
values,
have
determined
constructs
operationalizations.
An
assumption
on
purpose
phenomenacan
be
used
as
a
teleological
principle
guide
construction
common
set
assumptions—a
framework
for
research.
In
this
capstone
paper
special
issue
“Towards
an
Integrated
Understanding
Human
Affectome”,
we
gather
tiered
synthesize
that
account
phenomenacollectively.
teleologically-grounded
offers
principled
agenda
launchpad
both
organizing
existing
perspectives
generating
new
ones.
Ultimately,
hope
Affectome
brings
us
step
closer
not
only
integrated
understanding
phenomena,
but
Oxford University Press eBooks,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 23 - 42
Published: July 22, 2024
Abstract
Sentience
has
broader
and
narrower
senses.
In
a
broad
sense,
it
refers
to
any
capacity
for
conscious
experience.
Conscious
experience
here
‘phenomenal
consciousness’,
the
idea
that
there
is
‘something
it’s
like’
be
you.
have
valenced
experiences:
experiences
feel
bad
or
good
subject,
such
as
of
pain
pleasure.
A
definition
sentience
can
common
ground,
despite
continuing
disagreement
about
nature
valence.
We
hope
current
definitions
consciousness’
will
superseded
by
more
informative
successors,
but
this
must
await
much
theoretical
consensus
than
currently
exists.
Valence,
meanwhile,
one
two
major
dimensions,
along
with
arousal,
structure
our
affective
experiences,
matters
most
from
an
ethical
point
view.
Oxford University Press eBooks,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 192 - 215
Published: July 22, 2024
Abstract
In
the
1980s,
growing
public
awareness
that
anaesthesia
was
not
routinely
being
used
on
newborn
babies
during
surgery
led
to
a
successful
campaign
change
clinical
practice,
vindicated
by
subsequent
evidence.
The
case
shows
value
of
precautionary
thinking
and
subjecting
norms
scrutiny.
When
we
turn
fetuses,
there
is
sometimes
concern
recognizing
fetal
sentience
may
be
incompatible
with
also
right
abortion,
but
no
incompatibility.
We
should
recognize
human
fetuses
as
candidates
from
start
second
trimester.
Future
evidence
could
move
threshold
for
candidature,
it
always
align
earliest
scientifically
credible,
evidence-based
estimate.
Clinical
in
this
area
need
formulated
appropriately
inclusive
processes,
these
processes
give
appropriate
weight
voices
women.
Research
embryos
raises
different
set
issues.
‘14-day
rule’
has
represented
compromise
between
deeply
conflicting
values,
conflict
never
been
satisfactorily
resolved.
Oxford University Press eBooks,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 154 - 170
Published: July 22, 2024
Abstract
How
could
a
citizens’
panel
reach
an
informed
judgement
about
proportionality?
This
chapter
describes
possible
procedure
(intended
as
realistic,
feasible
ideal)
based
on
pragmatic
analysis
of
proportionality.
The
is
presented
with
shortlist
options
which
stakeholders
have
been
openly
consulted.
To
each
policy
option,
the
applies
four
tests
in
sequence:
permissibility-in-principle,
adequacy,
reasonable
necessity,
and
consistency.
Proposals
that
fail
test
are
set
aside.
pass
all
‘PARC
tests’
judged
proportionate.
PARC
induce
division
labour
between
its
expert
advisers.
At
stage,
advisers
provide
on-demand
input
regarding
likely
consequences
different
options,
but
it
falls
to
ordinary
citizens
debate
central
evaluative
questions.
These
questions
can
be
easily
understood
do
not
require
arbitrating
scientific
disagreements.
Although
government
ideal
implementing
agent
for
such
process,
other
organizations
conduct
similar
exercises.
Oxford University Press eBooks,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 285 - 296
Published: July 22, 2024
Abstract
Taking
invertebrate
welfare
seriously
involves
proposing
and
debating
steps
that
may
be
proportionate
(permissible-in-principle,
adequate,
non-excessive,
consistent)
in
relation
to
specific
risks.
The
growing
interest
invertebrates
as
potentially
sustainable
protein
sources
underlines
the
need
for
these
debates.
It
would
plausibly
set
up
a
licensing
scheme
requires
companies
farming
sentience
candidates
investigation
priorities
fund
creation
(by
independent
experts)
of
codes
good
practice,
where
none
yet
exists.
There
is
one
important
exception,
namely
octopus
farming.
very
unlikely
could
ever
meet
reasonable
expectations
regarding
animal
welfare,
so
it
ban
outright.
Our
current
state
knowledge
makes
difficult
confident
slaughter
humane
or
stunning
effective.
easier
about
what
inhumane.
We
should
not
use
live
boiling
without
prior
decapods
insects,
since
this
method
needlessly
risks
extending
intensifying
suffering
associated
with
dying.
Oxford University Press eBooks,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 332 - 334
Published: July 22, 2024
Abstract
This
chapter
offers
brief
concluding
remarks,
calling
on
society
to
prepare
for
the
(perhaps
imminent)
arrival
of
artificial
sentience
candidates
by
engaging
more
closely
with
that
already
surround
us
in
animal
kingdom.
