Opposite changes in morphometric similarity of medial reward and lateral non-reward orbitofrontal cortex circuits in obesity

NeuroImage, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 290, P. 120574 - 120574

Published: March 11, 2024

Obesity has a profound impact on metabolic health thereby adversely affecting brain structure and function. However, the majority of previous studies used single structural index to investigate link between body mass (BMI), which hinders our understanding covariance regions in obesity. This study aimed examine relationship macroscale cortical organization BMI using novel morphometric similarity networks (MSNs). The individual MSNs were first constructed from eight multimodal features regions. Then within discovery sample 434 participants was assessed. key findings further validated an independent 192 participants. We observed that lateral non-reward orbitofrontal cortex (lOFC) exhibited decoupling (i.e., reduction integration) obesity, mainly manifested by its with cognitive systems DMN FPN) while medial reward (mOFC) showed de-differentiation decrease distinctiveness) represented attention VAN). Additionally, lOFC visual system mOFC hyper-coupling sensory-motor As important step revealing role underlying variability, present presents mechanism underlies reward-control interaction imbalance thus can inform future weight-management approaches.

Language: Английский

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Sleep deprivation in development of obesity, effects on appetite regulation, energy metabolism, and dietary choices

Nutrition Research Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 21

Published: Oct. 31, 2023

Abstract Sleep deprivation, which is a decrease in duration and quality of sleep, common problem today’s life. Epidemiological interventional investigations have suggested link between sleep deprivation overweight/obesity. affects homeostatic non-homoeostatic regulation appetite, with the food reward system playing dominant role. Factors such as sex weight status affect this regulation; men individuals excess seem to be more sensitive reward-driven hedonistic intake. may also through affecting physical activity energy expenditure. In addition, influences selection eating behaviours, are mainly managed by system. Sleep-deprived mostly crave for palatable energy-dense foods low desire fruit vegetables. Consumption meals not change but intake from snacks increases. The high sugar saturated fat content. relationship diet mutual, implying that behaviours quality. Consuming healthy diets containing vegetables sources protein unsaturated fats quantities used strategy improve sleep. Since effects deficiency differ animals humans, only evidence human subject studies has been included, controversies discussed need future highlighted.

Language: Английский

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Shifting Priorities: Switching between Health and Indulgence Motivational States Impacts Proactive Inhibition Towards Unhealthy Food

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Executive functioning is linked to feeding practices and food insecurity in Head Start mothers

Appetite, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 107952 - 107952

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) and inhibitory control training for excess weight treatment: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial (InhibE)

BMC Psychology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: March 10, 2025

The prevalence of excess weight has increased globally. Despite interventions include targeted goals on essential aspects such as physical activity and diet, their long-term effectiveness remains limited. Research highlights that eating behaviour is influenced by impulsive processes, especially in the context a food-rich environment. Inhibitory control been identified key factor regulating behaviour. Neuroscience approaches, including inhibitory training non-invasive neuromodulation brain regions dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, show promise improving when used addition to conventional intervention for management. This parallel group, randomized, controlled trial aims study efficacy with iTBS an add-on loss treatment usual (TAU: diet exercise), alone combination training, treatment. 141 people will be randomized into three groups: combined (inhibitory + iTBS), sham iTBS. groups receive individualized exercise guidelines (TAU). comprehend ten sessions along two weeks. main outcome measure Body Mass Index change. Secondary outcomes changes connectivity activation using fMRI, cognitive measures, behaviours, anthropometric biological measures. Assessments carried out before intervention, after 3 months intervention. In addition, data use health system collected analyse cost-effectiveness cost-utility Findings this expand available evidence improve weight. registered at www.clinicalTrials.gov under number NCT06668077 11th February 2025 named Control Training Excess Weight Behavioral Brain Changes (InhibE). Any relevant modification protocol reflected clinical registry www.clinicalTrials.gov.

Language: Английский

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Cognitive Performance Among Older Adults with Subjective Cognitive Decline

Geriatrics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 10(2), P. 39 - 39

Published: March 13, 2025

Objectives: The main objective of this cross-sectional study was to investigate if there are significant differences in cognition between a group older adults with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and cognitively intact controls. Methods: An initial sample 132 people underwent an extensive neuropsychological evaluation (memory, executive functions, language) were classified according diagnostic criteria. Two groups 33 subjects each, controls SCD, formed using priori case-matching procedures different variables: age, biological sex, years education, reserve, Mini-Mental State Exam. Results: mean age standard deviation the control equal 70.39 ± 4.31 years, while SCD group, they 70.30 4.33 years. number males (n = 9) females 24) both groups; means education also quite similar. participants have significantly lower mood than Significant obtained delayed recall, inhibitory control, comprehension sentences not fitted canonical word order Spanish. A logistic regression revealed that score on Stroop’s interference condition is associated higher likelihood having SCD. Finally, ROC analysis provided model performs better random chance, cut-off 49 suggested for clinically differentiating two groups. Conclusions: This highlights that, compared matched showed subtle but differences.

Language: Английский

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Repeated net-tDCS of the hypothalamus appetite-control network enhances inhibitory control and decreases sweet food intake in persons with overweight or obesity

Brain stimulation, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Network-targeted transcranial direct current stimulation of the hypothalamus appetite-control network: a feasibility study

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: May 18, 2024

Abstract The hypothalamus is the key regulator for energy homeostasis and functionally connected to striatal cortical regions vital inhibitory control of appetite. Hence, ability non-invasively modulate network could open new ways treatment metabolic diseases. Here, we tested a novel method network-targeted transcranial direct current stimulation (net-tDCS) influence excitability brain involved in Based on resting-state functional connectivity map hypothalamus, 12-channel net-tDCS protocol was generated (Neuroelectrics Starstim system), which included anodal, cathodal sham stimulation. Ten participants with overweight or obesity were enrolled sham-controlled, crossover study. During control, completed stop-signal task measure control. Overall, well tolerated. Anodal resulted faster stop signal reaction time (SSRT) compared ( p = 0.039) 0.042). Baseline target correlated SSRT after anodal 0.016). These preliminary data indicate that modulating via may result improved Further studies need evaluate effects eating behavior metabolism.

Language: Английский

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The relationship between frontal alpha asymmetry and behavioral and brain activity indices of reactive inhibitory control

Journal of Neurophysiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 132(2), P. 362 - 374

Published: June 12, 2024

Reactive inhibitory control plays an important role in phenotype of different diseases/different phases a disease. One candidate electrophysiological marker is frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA). FAA reflects the relative difference contralateral brain activity. However, relationship between and potential behavioral/brain activity indices reactive not yet clear. We assessed resting-state indicators control. Additionally, we investigated effect modulation via transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). implemented randomized sham-controlled design with 65 healthy humans (M

Language: Английский

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Central Regulation of Eating Behaviors in Humans: Evidence from Functional Neuroimaging Studies

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(13), P. 3010 - 3010

Published: July 1, 2023

Neuroimaging has great potential to provide insight into the neural response food stimuli. Remarkable advances have been made in understanding activity underlying perception, not only normal eating but also obesity, disorders, and disorders of gut–brain interaction recent decades. In addition abnormal brain function patients with compared healthy controls, new therapies, such as neurofeedback neurostimulation techniques, developed that target malfunctioning regions based on results neuroimaging studies. this review, we present an overview early more research central processing regulation behavior patient populations. order better understand relationship between gut well mechanisms ingestive behaviors, suggestions for future directions enhance our current methods used food-related

Language: Английский

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