Cell Death Discovery,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
9(1)
Published: Oct. 18, 2023
S1P,
also
referred
to
as
sphingosine-1-phosphate,
is
a
lipid
molecule
with
bioactive
properties
involved
in
numerous
cellular
processes
such
cell
growth,
movement,
programmed
death,
self-degradation,
specialization,
aging,
and
immune
system
reactions.
Autophagy
meticulously
controlled
mechanism
which
cells
repurpose
their
elements
maintain
balance.
There
are
five
stages
autophagy:
initiation,
nucleation,
elongation
maturation,
fusion,
degradation.
New
research
has
provided
insight
into
the
complex
connection
between
S1P
autophagy,
uncovering
interaction
both
normal
abnormal
circumstances.
Gaining
knowledge
about
regulatory
of
signaling
on
autophagy
can
offer
valuable
understanding
its
function
well-being
illness,
potentially
leading
innovative
therapeutic
concepts
for
diverse
ailments.
Hence,
this
review
analyzes
essential
mammalian
specific
emphasis
recent
exploring
control
each
stage
by
S1P.
Additionally,
it
sheds
light
roles
S1P-induced
various
disorders.
Molecular Cancer,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
21(1)
Published: July 14, 2022
Abstract
Background
The
Wnt
signaling
pathway
is
a
complex
network
of
protein
interactions
that
functions
most
commonly
in
embryonic
development
and
cancer,
but
also
involved
normal
physiological
processes
adults.
canonical
regulates
cell
pluripotency
determines
the
differentiation
fate
cells
during
development.
(also
known
as
Wnt/β-catenin
pathway)
recognized
driver
colon
cancer
one
representative
pathways.
As
functional
effector
molecule
signaling,
modification
degradation
β-catenin
are
key
events
progression
cancer.
Therefore,
plays
an
important
role
pathogenesis
diseases,
especially
colorectal
(CRC).
Objective
Inhibit
to
explore
therapeutic
targets
Methods
Based
on
studying
pathway,
master
biochemical
related
analyze
relevant
when
drugs
or
inhibitors
act
clarify
medication
ideas
for
treatment
Results
pathways
include:
planar
polarity
(Wnt-PCP)
Wnt-Ca
2+
pathway.
closely
proliferation,
stemness,
apoptosis,
autophagy,
metabolism,
inflammation
immunization,
microenvironment,
resistance,
ion
channel,
heterogeneity,
EMT/migration/invasion/metastasis.
Drugs/phytochemicals
molecular
preparations
CRC
have
now
been
developed.
used
clinically
CRC.
Conclusion
drugs/phytochemicals
targeting
can
effectively
treat
clinically.
Cells,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
13(6), P. 477 - 477
Published: March 8, 2024
The
gut
mucosal
epithelium
is
one
of
the
largest
organs
in
body
and
plays
a
critical
role
regulating
crosstalk
between
resident
microbiome
host.
To
this
effect,
tight
control
what
permitted
through
barrier
high
importance.
There
should
be
restricted
passage
harmful
microorganisms
antigens
while
at
same
time
allowing
absorption
nutrients
water.
An
increased
permeability,
or
“leaky
gut”,
has
been
associated
with
variety
diseases
ranging
from
infections,
metabolic
diseases,
inflammatory
autoimmune
to
neurological
conditions.
Several
factors
can
affect
including
cytokines,
dietary
components,
microbiome.
Here,
we
discuss
how
impacts
permeability
epithelial
harnessed
for
therapeutic
purposes.
European Journal of Immunology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
54(6)
Published: March 31, 2024
Abstract
The
intestinal
barrier
is
mainly
formed
by
a
monolayer
of
epithelial
cells,
which
forms
physical
to
protect
the
gut
tissues
from
external
insults
and
provides
microenvironment
for
commensal
bacteria
colonize
while
ensuring
immune
tolerance.
Moreover,
various
cells
are
known
significantly
contribute
function
either
directly
interacting
with
or
producing
mediators.
Fulfilling
this
mucosal
homeostasis
requires
not
only
intrinsic
regulation
(IECs)
but
also
constant
communication
microbes.
reciprocal
interactions
between
IECs
modulate
integrity.
Dysregulation
could
lead
dysbiosis,
inflammation,
tumorigenesis.
In
overview,
we
provide
an
update
on
characteristics
functions
IECs,
how
they
integrate
their
tissue
microbiota
establish
homeostasis.
Genes,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
13(12), P. 2388 - 2388
Published: Dec. 16, 2022
Inflammatory
bowel
disease
(IBD)
is
a
chronic
with
periods
of
exacerbation
and
remission
the
disease.
The
etiology
IBD
not
fully
understood.
Many
studies
point
to
presence
genetic,
immunological,
environmental,
microbiological
factors
interactions
between
them
in
occurrence
IBD.
review
looks
at
genetic
context
both
predisposition
pharmacogenetics.
International Journal of Biological Sciences,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
18(13), P. 5185 - 5206
Published: Jan. 1, 2022
Intestinal
stem
cells
(ISCs)
play
an
important
role
in
maintaining
intestinal
homeostasis
via
promoting
a
healthy
gut
barrier.
Within
the
cell
niche,
microbiota
linking
crosstalk
of
dietary
influence
and
host
response
has
been
identified
as
key
regulator
ISCs.
Emerging
insights
from
recent
research
reveal
that
ISC
interplay
regulates
epithelial
self-renewal.
This
article
reviews
knowledge
on
their
local
environment
(stem
niche)
associating
with
metabolites
well
signaling
pathways.
The
current
progress
organoid
culture
is
further
summarized.
Subsequently,
challenges
future
directions
are
discussed.
Antioxidants,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
12(7), P. 1425 - 1425
Published: July 14, 2023
Ethanol
consumption
triggers
oxidative
stress
by
generating
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
through
its
metabolites.
This
process
leads
to
steatosis
and
liver
inflammation,
which
are
critical
for
the
development
of
alcoholic
disease
(ALD).
Autophagy
is
a
regulated
dynamic
that
sequesters
damaged
excess
cytoplasmic
organelles
lysosomal
degradation
may
counteract
harmful
effects
ROS-induced
stress.
These
include
hepatotoxicity,
mitochondrial
damage,
steatosis,
endoplasmic
reticulum
stress,
iron
overload.
In
diseases,
particularly
ALD,
macroautophagy
has
been
implicated
as
protective
mechanism
in
hepatocytes,
although
it
does
not
appear
play
same
role
stellate
cells.
Beyond
liver,
autophagy
also
mitigate
alcohol
on
other
organs,
thereby
providing
an
additional
layer
protection
against
ALD.
potential
further
supported
studies
showing
drugs
interact
with
autophagy,
such
rapamycin,
can
prevent
ALD
animal
models.
systematic
review
presents
comprehensive
analysis
literature,
focusing
regulation,
involvement
organ-organ
crosstalk
relevant
autophagy-targeting
therapeutic
strategies.
Cell Death Discovery,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
9(1)
Published: April 5, 2023
Abstract
Hepatic
ischemia–reperfusion
injury
(HIRI)
is
a
major
complication
of
liver
resection
or
transplantation
that
can
seriously
affect
patient’s
prognosis.
There
currently
no
definitive
and
effective
treatment
strategy
for
HIRI.
Autophagy
an
intracellular
self-digestion
pathway
initiated
to
remove
damaged
organelles
proteins,
which
maintains
cell
survival,
differentiation,
homeostasis.
Recent
studies
have
shown
autophagy
involved
in
the
regulation
Numerous
drugs
treatments
change
outcome
HIRI
by
controlling
pathways
autophagy.
This
review
mainly
discusses
occurrence
development
autophagy,
selection
experimental
models
HIRI,
specific
regulatory
has
considerable
potential
Frontiers in Pharmacology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
14
Published: Sept. 28, 2023
Ulcerative
colitis
(UC)
is
a
chronic
relapsing
inflammatory
disease
of
the
colorectal
area
that
demonstrates
dramatically
increasing
incidence
worldwide.
This
study
provides
novel
insights
into
capacity
exogenous
β-hydroxybutyrate
and
ketogenic
diet
(KD)
consumption
to
alleviate
dextran
sodium
sulfate
(DSS)-induced
UC
in
rats.
Remarkably,
both
interventions
attenuated
activity
colon
weight-to-length
ratio,
improved
macro
microstructures
damaged
colon.
Importantly,
KD
curbed
DSS-induced
aberrant
NLRP3
inflammasome
activation
as
observed
mRNA
protein
expression
analysis.
Additionally,
inhibition
NLRP3/NGSDMD-mediated
pyroptosis
was
detected
response
regimens.
In
parallel,
these
modalities
caspase-1
its
associated
consequences
IL-1β
IL-18
overproduction.
They
also
mitigated
apoptosis
indicated
by
inactivation
caspase-3.
The
anti-inflammatory
effects
BHB
were
confirmed
reported
decline
levels
markers
including
MPO,
NFκB,
IL-6,
TNF-α.
Moreover,
exhibited
antioxidative
properties
reducing
ROS
production
improving
enzymes.
Their
effectiveness
mitigating
evident
renovation
normal
intestinal
epithelial
barrier
function,
shown
correcting
discrepancies
tight
junction
proteins
ZO-1,
OCLN,
CLDN5.
Furthermore,
their
on
microbiota
homeostasis
investigated.
terms
autophagy,
upregulated
BECN-1
downregulated
p62,
which
may
account
for
superiority
over
attenuating
colonic
damage.
conclusion,
this
experimental
evidence
supporting
potential
therapeutic
use
or
β-hydroxybutyrate-boosting
regimens
UC.