Intersections between COVID-19 and socio-economic mental health stressors in the lives of South African adolescent girls and young women

Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: March 26, 2022

Abstract Background In contexts where poverty and mental health stressors already interact to negatively impact the most vulnerable populations, COVID-19 is likely have worsened these impacts. Before pandemic, adolescent girls young women (AGYW) in South Africa faced intersecting vulnerabilities. It critical understand how additional challenges brought on by intersected with existing vulnerabilities risks AGYW faced, particularly given intersections between psychological distress increased risk behaviours that sexual reproductive health. We aimed examine socio-economic impacts of African order challenges, compounding Methods Using qualitative quantitative methods, framed syndemic theory, we examined epidemic amongst six districts characterised high rates HIV, teenage pregnancy hardship. Between November 2020 March 2021 conducted a cross-sectional telephone survey 515 AGYW, in-depth interviews 50 aged 15 24 years. Results Our findings reveal restrictions led experiences stress anxiety. Poor was compounded strained family relationships, fear domestic violence, household unemployment, economic food insecurity. Respondents described feelings boredom, frustration, isolation, loneliness, hopelessness. However, despite multitude some articulated emotional resilience, describing ways which they coped retained hope. Conclusion Various psycho-social factors disproportionally affect communities; pandemic intersects pre-existing social environmental factors. Understanding strategies used positively cope uncertainty an array stressors, key informing efforts respond their needs. Multisectoral interventions are needed address drivers poor among bolster healthy coping mechanisms; seeking mitigate this population need be responsive unpredictable environment.

Language: Английский

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Barriers and facilitators to anti-retroviral therapy adherence among adolescents aged 10 to 19 years living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa: A mixed-methods systematic review and meta-analysis

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 18(5), P. e0276411 - e0276411

Published: May 18, 2023

Background Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) significantly affects adolescents globally, with the sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) reporting a high burden of disease. HIV testing, treatment, and retention to care are low among adolescents. We conducted mixed-method systematic review assess anti-retroviral therapy (ART) adherence; barriers facilitators ART adherence outcomes living on in Africa. Methods searches four scientific databases for studies between 2010 March 2022 identify relevant primary studies. Studies were screened against inclusion criteria assessed quality, data was extracted. Meta-analysis rates odd ratios used plot quantitative meta-synthesis summarized evidence from qualitative Results A total 10 431 identified inclusion/ exclusion criteria. Sixty-six met (41 quantitative, 16 qualitative, 9 mixed-methods study designs). Fifty-three thousand two hundred seventeen (53 217) (52 319 899 studies) included review. Thirteen support focused interventions improved The plotted results meta-analysis found an rate 65% (95%CI 56–74), viral load suppression 55% 46–64), un-suppressed 41% 32–50), loss follow up 17% 10–24) Meta-synthesis six themes (social, patient-based, economic, health system-based, therapy-based, cultural barriers) both studies, three also (social support, counselling, education secrecy or confidentiality) Conclusion remains SSA despite multiple implemented improve adherence. may hinder attainment UNAIDS 2030 targets. Additionally, various due lack have been reported this age group. However, aimed at improving social educating, counselling sustain Trial registration Systematic registration: PROSPERO CRD42021284891 .

Language: Английский

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COVID-19 and mental health services in Sub-Saharan Africa: A critical literature review

Comprehensive Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 131, P. 152465 - 152465

Published: Feb. 17, 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has wrought a profound impact on mental health in Sub- Saharan Africa, exacerbating existing disparities and rendering individuals undergoing treatment particularly susceptible. This comprehensive critical review delves into the scope, nature, extent of services while concurrently elucidating pivotal lessons exemplary practices learnt from periods lockdown.

Language: Английский

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Accompaniment to the promotion of life projects of HIV-positive young people. A complex qualitative study

Región Científica, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 15, 2024

The diagnosis of infection with HIV constitutes a disruptive vital event in the lives young people. HIV-positive condition is frequently perceived as death sentence, addition to presenting multiple barriers during daily life, such stigma, self-stigma, discrimination, isolation, and symptoms anxiety-depression. Especially configuration personal identity planning for future, positively realistically, constitute two severely affected processes, hence importance promoting life projects people through comprehensive care. study was carried out using qualitative design stages, one phenomenological other focus group thematic analysis. main results point encouraging goals that promote therapeutic adherence, facilitate psychological well-being, help social integration, favor structuring solid support network. In addition, guidelines are offered better preparation proposals promotion this population. article ends recommendations future studies.

Language: Английский

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Stigma and mental health challenges among adolescents living with HIV in selected adolescent-specific antiretroviral therapy clinics in Zomba District, Malawi

BMC Pediatrics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: May 6, 2022

Of the 1.8 million adolescents between ages of 10 and 19 living with HIV globally in 2020; approximately 1.5 these live sub-Saharan Africa. These (ALHIV) are at higher risk experiencing mental health problems than those without; Malawi, 18.9% have a depressive disorder. ALHIV can face numerous psychosocial challenges, but little is known about how Malawi perceive stressors. Understanding challenges key step ensuring good care. The aim this study was to assess faced by attending adolescent-specific ART program Zomba, Malawi.Between April May 2019, we engaged purposive sample 12-18 (n = 80) series eight focus groups drawing from four Teen Clubs linked an program. Data were analyzed inductively deductively identify themes related experiences.Two that emerged include: 1) stigma discrimination within communities families; 2) non-adherence medications. HIV-related associated increased psychological distress; physical emotional/verbal abuse; low social support, isolation, feeling rejection; risky behaviors such as medication hiding ART. Discriminatory actions manifested form being given separate utensils for their meals mistreatment school. Furthermore, some parents did not allow children play participants out fear transmission.Stigma overlooked potential barriers treatment If services effectively meet ALHIVs' needs, interventions needed prevent manage depression improve adherence findings highlight crucial need develop culturally relevant aimed helping cope diverse challenges.

Language: Английский

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Challenges and opportunities for improving mental health care and preventing suicide among people living with HIV: Perspectives of mental health professionals in Tanzania

PLOS Global Public Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 4(2), P. e0002762 - e0002762

Published: Feb. 16, 2024

People living with HIV (PLWH) experience unique stressors that contribute to emotional distress, and PLWH are more than twice as likely die by suicide when compared the general population. In countries like Tanzania, there is a relatively high burden of but few resources support mental health needs. To gain better understanding challenges experienced in northern Tanzania identify opportunities for intervention, we interviewed 12 professionals working Kilimanjaro region. Thematic analysis was used explore drivers impacts community influences on health, gaps barriers existing care. Perspectives from workers highlight compounding effects stress related status, family conflict, finances, other social challenges, which can lead poor treatment outcomes suicidal ideation. Cultural beliefs stigma surrounding both limit care-seeking behavior issues. Those who do seek care often encounter infrastructure, including lack providers, limited financial resources, little integration into services. There clear need investment system, well interventions improve knowledge perceptions comprehensively address stressors. We describe feedback proposed telehealth counseling intervention integrated routine services, shows strong potential mitigate treatment, reduce ideation, wellbeing PLWH.

Language: Английский

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Enhancing a peer supporter intervention for young mothers living with HIV in Malawi, Tanzania, Uganda, and Zambia: Adaptation and co-development of a psychosocial component

Global Public Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 18(1)

Published: May 29, 2022

ABSTRACTYoung mothers living with HIV (YMHIV) experience heightened risks to their mental health, as transition adulthood is marked by social stigma, health and socioeconomic challenges. Targeted psychosocial interventions may improve the of YMHIV; however, no evidence-based have been developed for this group. Peer support models, more common youth HIV, show promise a design reach YMHIV in non-stigmatising way. This manuscript describes process adapting co-developing an component (Boost) larger intervention called Ask-Boost-Connect-Discuss. supporters Malawi, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia used ABCD guide group sessions YMHIV. The research team partnered implementing partner, Paediatric-Adolescent Treatment Africa, undertake work three phases: 1) formative research, 2) content adaptation development, 3) consultation, refinement, modification. (n = 4), peer 21), technical advisors 4) were engaged co-developers, shaping resulting Boost at each phase. models effectively young mothers, co-creation, integration existing programming can offer rich insights inform these models. We discuss implications approach.

Language: Английский

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How Do Psychosocial Interventions for Adolescents and Young People Living With HIV Improve Adherence and Viral Load? A Realist Review

Journal of Adolescent Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 71(3), P. 254 - 269

Published: May 21, 2022

Language: Английский

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Effectiveness, Acceptability and Feasibility of Technology-Enabled Health Interventions for Adolescents Living with HIV in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 20(3), P. 2464 - 2464

Published: Jan. 30, 2023

Adolescents living with HIV (ALHIV) are challenged to remain adherent and engaged in care. Technology-enabled interventions can be used optimize healthcare delivery adolescents. The largest proportion of ALHIV resides sub-Saharan Africa. This review synthesized the evidence for effectiveness, acceptability, feasibility technology-enabled health low middle-income countries (LMIC).Eight electronic databases (Ebscohost, CINAHL, ERIC, MEDLINE, PubMed, SCOPUS, Science Direct, Sabinet) Google Scholar were searched identify studies LMIC published from 2010 2022. Quantitative qualitative reporting on predominantly adolescents (10-19 years) included. was performed, findings reported according Preferred Reporting Items Systematic Reviews Meta-analyses Protocols. registered PROSPERO: CRD42022336330.There is weak that improve treatment outcomes. However, most appear acceptable feasible.There a need ensure have strong theoretical base. Larger rigorous evaluation designs needed determine effects these outcomes LMIC.

Language: Английский

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eHealth literacy and digital health interventions: Key ingredients for supporting the mental health of displaced youth living in the urban slums of Kampala, Uganda

Computers in Human Behavior, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 162, P. 108434 - 108434

Published: Sept. 4, 2024

Language: Английский

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