Elasticity of adhesion bonds determines multistable mechanosensitive behaviour of living cells DOI Creative Commons
Ping Liu, Qiuyu Wang, Mingxi Yao

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 5, 2023

The ability of cells to sense the mechanical properties their microenvironment is essential many physiological processes. molecular clutch theory has played an important role in explaining mechanosensitive cell behaviors. However, its current implementations have limited understand how heterogeneity, such as adhesion molecules with different elasticities, regulates response adhesion. In this study, we developed a model incorporating experimentally measured elastic proteins investigate influence on It was found that not only could accurately fit previous experimental measurements traction force and retrograde actin flow, but also predicted multistablility well feedback loop between densities extracellular matrix contractile myosin II motors living cells. existence successfully confirmed experiments. Taken together, our study provides theoretical framework for understanding adaptor proteins, local substrate deformations contractility affect across types conditions.

Language: Английский

Myosin 2 – A general contractor for the cytoskeleton DOI

Joseph J. Tidei,

Patrick W. Oakes, Jordan R. Beach

et al.

Current Opinion in Cell Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 94, P. 102522 - 102522

Published: May 3, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Molecular simulation approaches to probing the effects of mechanical forces in the actin cytoskeleton DOI
Fatemah Mukadum, Willmor J. Peña Ccoa, Glen M. Hocky

et al.

Cytoskeleton, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 81(8), P. 318 - 327

Published: Feb. 9, 2024

Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in study.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Actomyosin forces in cell migration: Moving beyond cell body retraction DOI Creative Commons
Kai Weißenbruch, Roberto Mayor

BioEssays, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 46(10)

Published: Aug. 2, 2024

In textbook illustrations of migrating cells, actomyosin contractility is typically depicted as the contraction force necessary for cell body retraction. This dogma has been transformed by molecular clutch model, which acknowledges that traction forces also generate and transmit biomechanical signals at leading edge, enabling cells to sense shape their migratory path in mechanically complex environments. To fulfill these complementary functions, system assembles a gradient contractile energy along front-rear axis cells. Here, we highlight hierarchic assembly self-regulatory network structure explain how kinetics different nonmuscle myosin II (NM II) paralogs synergize during generation. Our aim emphasize protrusion formation, adhesion, contraction, retraction are spatiotemporally integrated modes migration, including chemotaxis durotaxis. Finally, hypothesize NM might tune aspects migration vivo, highlighting future research directions.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Active tension and membrane friction mediate cortical flows and blebbing in a model actomyosin cortex DOI Creative Commons
Ryota Sakamoto, Michael P. Murrell

Physical Review Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 6(3)

Published: July 3, 2024

Blebs, spherical membrane bulges of the cell membrane, are ubiquitous structures observed in various biological phenomena, including apoptosis, division, to bleb-based migration. The mechanics blebbing have been characterized terms actin cytoskeleton beneath membrane. However, how changes cortical relate physical behaviors remains unclear. Here, we reconstitute a minimal model actomyosin cortex within liposomes. Upon laser ablation cortex, myosin-induced mechanical stresses relaxed by different mechanisms—either flows or blebbing. For flows, cortex-membrane composite behaves as viscoelastic fluid. By contrast, for ablation-induced blebbing, elastic accumulated, and solid with stress yield. These results highlight pivotal roles elasticity, cytoskeleton, pressure responses cortex. Published American Physical Society 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Excitable Rho dynamics control cell shape and motility by sequentially activating ERM proteins and actomyosin contractility DOI Creative Commons
Seph Marshall-Burghardt, Rodrigo A. Migueles‐Ramírez,

Qiyao Lin

et al.

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(36)

Published: Sept. 6, 2024

Migration of endothelial and many other cells requires spatiotemporal regulation protrusive contractile cytoskeletal rearrangements that drive local cell shape changes. Unexpectedly, the small GTPase Rho, a crucial regulator movement, has been reported to be active in both protrusions retractions, raising question how Rho activity can coordinate migration. Here, we show is absent during retractions. During rapidly activated ezrin-radixin-moesin proteins (ERMs) increase actin-membrane attachment, and, with delay, nonmuscle myosin 2 (NM2). was excitable, NM2 acting as slow negative feedback regulator. Strikingly, inhibition SLK/LOK kinases, through which activates ERMs, caused elongated morphologies, impaired Rho-induced contractions, reverted blebbing. Together, our study demonstrates drives retractions by sequentially enhancing ERM-mediated attachment for force transmission NM2-dependent contractility.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Limiting pool and actin architecture controls myosin cluster sizes in adherent cells DOI
Wen-hung Chou, Mehdi Molaei,

Huini Wu

et al.

Biophysical Journal, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 123(2), P. 157 - 171

Published: Dec. 6, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Feedback regulation by the RhoA-specific GEF ARHGEF17 regulates actomyosin network disassembly DOI Creative Commons
Vasundhara Rao, Benjamin Grädel, Lucien Hinderling

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 28, 2024

Abstract We report that the RhoA-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor ARHGEF17 localizes at back of a fibroblast’s contractile lamella and regulates its disassembly. This localization emerges through retrograde transport together with actomyosin flow most likely involves interactions ATP-actin F-actin barbed ends. During this process, increasingly oligomerizes into clusters co-localize myosin filaments, correlate their disassembly lamella’s distal edge. loss function leads to decreased RhoA activity impairs High is however maintained front where phosphorylated light chain observed. propose low contractile, disassembling network generates ends leading production, binding. then locally activates RhoA-dependent contractility, ensuring robust fracturing rather than re-inforcement. exemplifies spatio-temporal complexity Rho GTPase signaling requirement feedback mechanism for homeostasis networks.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Moonwalking molecular machines: Unraveling the choreography of myosin filament assembly DOI Creative Commons
Noah J. Gurley, Mark Peifer

The Journal of Cell Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 223(4)

Published: Feb. 29, 2024

We have made tremendous progress in identifying the machines that shape architecture of actin filaments. However, we know less about mechanisms mediating myosin assembly at supramolecular level. In this issue, Quintanilla et al. (https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.202305023) provide important new insights into process.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Non-muscle myosin 2 can incorporate into established filaments in cells without an assembly competence domain DOI
Kehan Wu,

Hiral Patel,

H. Wu

et al.

Published: July 8, 2024

Myosin 2 dynamically assembles into filaments that exert force on the actin cytoskeleton. To form filaments, myosin monomers transition between folded and unfolded states. Monomer unfolding exposes an extended coiled-coil interacts with other in parallel antiparallel fashions, enabling bipolar filament formation. A C-terminal domain of coiled-coil, termed assembly competence (ACD), has been repeatedly identified as necessary for assembly. Here, we revisit ACD contribution when full-length are present. Non-muscle 2A lacking (ΔACD) initially appears diffuse, but triton extraction cytosolic fraction reveals cytoskeletal association. Disruption monomer enhances fraction, while inhibition endogenous to reduce it. Finally, high resolution imaging exogenous filamentous structures highly coincident signal, suggesting ΔACD constructs co-assemble filaments. Our data demonstrate is required de novo assembly, it not recognize associate established cells. More broadly, this highlights existence distinct mechanisms governing nascent recognition association maintain steady-state contractile networks.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Elasticity of adhesion bonds determines multistable mechanosensitive behaviour of living cells DOI Creative Commons
Ping Liu, Qiuyu Wang, Mingxi Yao

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 5, 2023

The ability of cells to sense the mechanical properties their microenvironment is essential many physiological processes. molecular clutch theory has played an important role in explaining mechanosensitive cell behaviors. However, its current implementations have limited understand how heterogeneity, such as adhesion molecules with different elasticities, regulates response adhesion. In this study, we developed a model incorporating experimentally measured elastic proteins investigate influence on It was found that not only could accurately fit previous experimental measurements traction force and retrograde actin flow, but also predicted multistablility well feedback loop between densities extracellular matrix contractile myosin II motors living cells. existence successfully confirmed experiments. Taken together, our study provides theoretical framework for understanding adaptor proteins, local substrate deformations contractility affect across types conditions.

Language: Английский

Citations

0