Gut microbiota-derived metabolites mediate the neuroprotective effect of melatonin in cognitive impairment induced by sleep deprivation

Microbiome, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Jan. 31, 2023

Abstract Background Sleep loss is a serious global health concern. Consequences include memory deficits and gastrointestinal dysfunction. Our previous research showed that melatonin can effectively improve cognitive impairment intestinal microbiota disturbances caused by sleep deprivation (SD). The present study further explored the mechanism which exogenous prevents SD-induced impairments. Here, we established fecal transplantation, Aeromonas colonization LPS or butyrate supplementation tests to evaluate role of its metabolites in alleviating impairment. Results Transplantation SD-gut into normal mice induced microglia overactivation neuronal apoptosis hippocampus, decline, colonic disorder, manifesting as increased levels decreased Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136 butyrate. All these events were reversed with transplantation SD + melatonin-gut microbiota. Colonization addition produced an inflammatory response hippocampus spatial mice. These changes melatonin, accompanied LPS. Butyrate administration sleep-deprived restored responses In vitro, BV2 cells, was improved supplementation. This ameliorative effect blocked pretreatment MCT1 inhibitor HDAC3 agonist but mimicked TLR4 p-P65 antagonists. Conclusions Gut microbes their mediate effects on A feasible downregulates constituent upregulates colon. lessen through crosstalk between TLR4/NF-κB MCT1/ signaling pathways.

Language: Английский

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Signalling cognition: the gut microbiota and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: June 19, 2023

Cognitive function in humans depends on the complex and interplay between multiple body systems, including hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. The gut microbiota, which vastly outnumbers human cells has a genetic potential that exceeds of genome, plays crucial role this interplay. microbiota-gut-brain (MGB) axis is bidirectional signalling pathway operates through neural, endocrine, immune, metabolic pathways. One major neuroendocrine systems responding to stress HPA produces glucocorticoids such as cortisol corticosterone rodents. Appropriate concentrations are essential for normal neurodevelopment function, well cognitive processes learning memory, studies have shown microbes modulate throughout life. Stress can significantly impact MGB via other Animal research advanced our understanding these mechanisms pathways, leading paradigm shift conceptual thinking about influence microbiota health disease. Preclinical trials currently underway determine how animal models translate humans. In review article, we summarize current knowledge relationship axis, cognition, provide an overview main findings conclusions broad field.

Language: Английский

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Understanding the Role of the Gut Microbiome in Brain Development and Its Association With Neurodevelopmental Psychiatric Disorders

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: April 14, 2022

The gut microbiome has a tremendous influence on human physiology, including the nervous system. During fetal development, initial colonization of coincides with development system in timely, coordinated manner. Emerging studies suggest an active involvement and its metabolic by-products regulating early brain development. However, any disruption during this developmental process can negatively impact functionality, leading to range neurodevelopment neuropsychiatric disorders (NPD). In review, we summarize recent evidence as how association major neurodevelopmental psychiatric such autism spectrum disorders, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, schizophrenia. Further, discuss alterations also play role inducing drug resistance affected individuals. We propose model that establishes direct link dysbiosis exacerbated inflammatory state, functional deficits associated NPD. Based existing research, framework whereby diet intervention boost mental wellness subjects call for further research better understanding mechanisms govern gut-brain axis may lead novel approaches study pathophysiology treatment disorders.

Language: Английский

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The gut microbiota–brain axis in neurological disorder

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17

Published: Aug. 4, 2023

The gut microbiota (GM) plays an important role in the physiology and pathology of host. Microbiota communicate with different organs organism by synthesizing hormones regulating body activity. interaction central nervous system (CNS) signaling pathways includes chemical, neural immune endocrine routes. Alteration or dysbiosis leads to gastrointestinal tract disorders that ultimately impact host because abnormal microbial metabolites stimulate trigger physiologic reactions body. Intestinal a change bidirectional relationship between CNS GM, which is linked pathogenesis neurodevelopmental neurological disorders. Increasing preclinical clinical studies/evidence indicate microbes are possible susceptibility factor for progression disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s (PD), multiple sclerosis (MS) autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In this review, we discuss crucial connection system, biological systems contribution microbiota-related

Language: Английский

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Communication of gut microbiota and brain via immune and neuroendocrine signaling

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Jan. 25, 2023

The gastrointestinal tract of the human is inhabited by about 5 × 10 13 bacteria (of 1,000 species) as well archaea, fungi, and viruses. Gut microbiota known to influence host organism, but may also affect functioning microbiota. This bidirectional cooperation occurs in three main inter-organ signaling: immune, neural, endocrine. Immune communication relies mostly on cytokines released immune cells into circulation. Also, pathogen-associated or damage-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs DAMPs) enter circulation internal organs gut Neural direct anatomical connections made vagus nerve, indirect via enteric nervous system. third pathway, endocrine communication, broadest one includes hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. review focuses presenting latest data role with particular emphasis neurotransmitters (catecholamines, serotonin, gamma-aminobutyric acid), intestinal peptides (cholecystokinin, peptide YY, glucagon-like 1), bacterial metabolites (short-chain fatty acids).

Language: Английский

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