Role of NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated neuronal pyroptosis and neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative diseases

Inflammation Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 72(9), P. 1839 - 1859

Published: Sept. 1, 2023

Language: Английский

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Immunosuppression in Sepsis: Biomarkers and Specialized Pro-Resolving Mediators

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(1), P. 175 - 175

Published: Jan. 13, 2024

Severe infection can lead to sepsis. In sepsis, the host mounts an inappropriately large inflammatory response in attempt clear invading pathogen. This sustained high level of inflammation may cause tissue injury and organ failure. Later a paradoxical immunosuppression occurs, where is unable preexisting susceptible secondary infections. A major issue with sepsis treatment that it difficult for physicians ascertain which stage patient in. Sepsis will depend on patient’s immune status across spectrum disease, these statuses are nearly polar opposites early late stages Furthermore, there no approved resolve without contributing within host. Here, we review mechanisms sepsis-induced biomarkers immunosuppressive phase We focused reviewing three main These lymphocyte apoptosis, monocyte/macrophage exhaustion, increased migration myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). The septic discuss include MDSC production/migration IL-10 levels, decreased counts HLA-DR expression, GPR18 expression. also literature use specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) different models and/or as compounds have been reported being immunosuppressive. To obtain necessary information, searched PubMed database using keywords macrophage MDSCs, biomarkers, SPMs.

Language: Английский

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Intratumoral microbiota: implications for cancer onset, progression, and therapy

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Jan. 16, 2024

Significant advancements have been made in comprehending the interactions between microbiome and cancer. However, prevailing research predominantly directs its focus toward gut microbiome, affording limited consideration to of intratumoral microbiota tumors. Within tumor microenvironment (TME), associated products wield regulatory influence, directing modulation cancer cell properties impacting immune system functionality. grasp a more profound insight into cancer, further underlying mechanisms is necessary. In this review, we delve intricate associations with specific on elucidating significant contribution onset advancement Notably, provide detailed exploration therapeutic advances facilitated by microbiota, offering insights recent developments burgeoning field.

Language: Английский

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Targeting circulating high mobility group box-1 and histones by extracorporeal blood purification as an immunomodulation strategy against critical illnesses

Critical Care, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 27(1)

Published: Feb. 28, 2023

Both high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) and histones are major damage-associated molecular patterns (DAPMs) that mediate lethal systemic inflammation, activation of the complement coagulation system, endothelial injury multiple organ dysfunction syndrome in critical illnesses. Although accumulating evidence collectively shows targeting HMGB1 or by their specific antibodies inhibitors could significantly mitigate aberrant immune responses critically ill animal models, routine clinical use such agents is still not recommended any guideline. In contrast, extracorporeal blood purification, which has been widely used to replace dysfunctional organs remove exogenous endogenous toxins intensive care units, may also exert an immunomodulatory effect eliminating inflammatory mediators as cytokines, endotoxin, patients with this review, we summarize immunopathological roles mediating thrombosis discuss rationale for removal these DAMPs using various hemofilters. The latest preclinical purification improve outcome circulating gathered.

Language: Английский

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Pattern-Recognition Receptors and Immunometabolic Reprogramming: What We Know and What to Explore

Journal of Innate Immunity, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(1), P. 295 - 323

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Evolutionarily, immune response is a complex mechanism that protects the host from internal and external threats. Pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) recognize MAMPs, PAMPs, DAMPs to initiate protective pro-inflammatory response. PRRs are expressed on cell membranes by TLR1, 2, 4, 6 in cytosolic organelles TLR3, 7, 8, 9, NLRs, ALRs, cGLRs. We know their downstream signaling pathways controlling immunoregulatory However, impact of metabolic control cells pro- anti-inflammatory activity has not been discussed extensively.

Language: Английский

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A c-type lectin HcLec1 with dual function of immunology and mineralization from the freshwater oyster (Hyriopsis cumingii Lea)

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Jan. 14, 2025

Background Shell and pearl formation in bivalves is a sophisticated biomineralization process that encompasses immunological mineralization aspects, particularly during shell repair the initial stages of cultivation when nucleus inserted. Here, we describe novel C-type lectin, HcLec1, isolated characterized from freshwater mussel Hyriopsis cumingii Lea. Methods Immune challenge, RNA interference (RNAi) experiments, ELISA, antibacterial assays were employed to investigate role HcLec1 innate immunity. We also established damage insertion models examine impact on In vitro calcium carbonate crystallization conducted explore direct crystal formation. Results The gene sequence full-length cDNA 1552 bp, encoding 240 amino acids. comprises an N-terminal signal peptide carbohydrate-recognition domain (CRD), with QPD (Gln-Pro-Asp) MND (Met-Asn-Asp) motifs for polysaccharide binding. Tissue expression analysis showed predominantly expressed gill tissue Lea under normal conditions, its significantly elevated both sac tissues following ( P < 0.05). After immune stimulation Aeromonas hydrophila lipopolysaccharides (LPS), levels increased cases 0.01), indicating bivalve (RNAi)-mediated knockdown led significant decrease immune-related genes WAP , α2m Lyso ) mineralization-related CA CHS Nacrein Pif animal cultivation, consistent pattern, followed by marked increase, peaking at day 14 This suggests repair. recombinant protein demonstrated binding affinity LPS PGN, robust ability agglutinate Escherichia coli Staphylococcus aureus veronii inhibited bacterial growth Moreover, rHcLec1 promoted calcite saturated solutions altered morphology. Discussion plays pivotal immunity triangle sail mussel. study enhances our understanding functional diversity lectins provides foundation future studies growth.

Language: Английский

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VSTM1/SIRL‐1: An Inhibitory Pattern Recognition Receptor Regulating Myeloid Cells

European Journal of Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 55(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Innate immune cells express a plethora of inhibitory receptors, many which recognize molecular patterns. An appropriate balance between signaling via activating and pattern recognition receptors is important for proper response while preventing immunopathology. V-set transmembrane domain containing 1 (VSTM1), also known as signal receptor on leukocytes-1 (SIRL-1), an expressed myeloid cells. VSTM1 can modulate the function cells, by inhibiting reactive oxygen species neutrophil extracellular trap formation. recognizes shared patterns both from endogenous microbial origin, defining it receptor. involved in various pathological conditions, including autoimmune disorders cancer, its restricted expression highlights potential specific therapeutic target. This review summarizes characteristics health disease.

Language: Английский

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Research Progress of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease from the Perspective of Intestinal Flora

Advances in Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(03), P. 477 - 490

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Immune inhibitory receptor agonist therapeutics

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: March 26, 2025

The immune system maintains the health of an organism through complex sensing and communication mechanisms. Receptors on surface cells respond to stimuli resulting in activity described at its most basic as inhibitory or stimulatory. Significant progress therapeutic intervention has occurred by modulating these pathways, yet much remains be accomplished. Therapeutics that antagonize, block, receptor (IIR) such checkpoint inhibitors cancer are a key example. Antagonism stimulatory receptors (ISRs) for dysregulated inflammation autoimmunity have received significant attention. An alternative strategy is agonize, induce signaling, pathways treat disease. Agonism ISRs been employed with some success disease settings, but agonist therapeutics IIRs great, untapped potential. This review discusses highlights recent advances pre-clinical clinical designed agonize IIR diseases. In addition, understanding agonists based cellular level either suppression (SuSt), new concept, suppressive (SuSu) proposed.

Language: Английский

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The induction of type I interferonopathy in Trex1-P212fs mice is mediated by activation of the cGAS-STING pathway

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 143414 - 143414

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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