Interactions between temperature and nutrients determine the population dynamics of primary producers

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 27(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Global change is rapidly and fundamentally altering many of the processes regulating flux energy throughout ecosystems, although researchers now understand effect temperature on key rates (such as aquatic primary productivity), theoretical foundation needed to generate forecasts biomass dynamics extinction risk remains underdeveloped. We develop new theory that describes interconnected effects nutrients phytoplankton populations show thermal response equilibrium (i.e. carrying capacity) always peaks at a lower than for productivity growth rate). This mismatch driven by differences in responses growth, death, per-capita impact nutrient pool, making our results highly general applicable widely used population models beyond phytoplankton. further non-equilibrium depend pace environmental relative underlying vital respond variable environments differently high versus low temperatures due asymmetries.

Language: Английский

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Phytoplankton community responses to temperature fluctuations under different nutrient concentrations and stoichiometry

Ecology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 100(11)

Published: July 22, 2019

Abstract Nutrient availability and temperature are important drivers of phytoplankton growth stoichiometry. However, the interactive effects nutrients on have been analyzed mostly by addressing changes in average temperature, whereas recent evidence suggests an role fluctuations. In a laboratory experiment, we grew natural community under fluctuating constant regimes across 25 combinations nitrogen (N) phosphorus (P) supply. Temperature fluctuations decreased rate ( r max ), as predicted nonlinear averaging along temperature–growth relationship. increased with increasing P supply, significant × N interaction reflected that shape thermal reaction norm depended nutrients. By contrast, carrying capacity supply rather than temperature. Higher N:P ratios showed affected cellular nutrient incorporation. Minor differences species diversity composition existed. Our results suggest variability interacts to affect physiology stoichiometry at level.

Language: Английский

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Fitting functional response surfaces to data: a best practice guide

Ecosphere, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11(4)

Published: April 1, 2020

Abstract Describing how resource consumption rates depend on density, conventionally termed “functional responses,” is crucial to understanding the population dynamics of trophically interacting organisms. Yet, accurately determining functional response for any given pair predator and prey remains a challenge. Moreover, responses are potentially complex surfaces in multidimensional space, where density only one several factors rates. We explored three sources error can be addressed design statistical analysis experiments: ill‐chosen spacing densities, heteroscedastic variance rates, non‐independence parameters function describing relation additional environmental factors. generated extensive, virtual data sets that simulated feeding experiments which both temperature were varied, true, deterministic surface was known realistic had been added. compared eight different methods fitting, stood out as best performing. subsequently tested conclusions from simulation study against experimental zooplankton algae across broad range temperatures. summarize our main findings practice guidelines estimation surfaces, second most important: (1) space densities logarithmically, starting very low densities; (2) log‐transform prior fitting; (3) fit multivariate all (including other factors, case temperature) single step. also observed fitted more precisely than their component parameters. The latter occurred because parameter estimates non‐independent, an inevitable feature fitting nonlinear functions data: A often described with near‐equal accuracy by multiple combinations. therefore conclude models perform better at optimizing overall parameters, such attack rate or handling time, temperature.

Language: Английский

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Temperature dependence of parasitic infection and gut bacterial communities in bumble bees

Environmental Microbiology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 21(12), P. 4706 - 4723

Published: Oct. 1, 2019

Summary High temperatures (e.g., fever) and gut microbiota can both influence host resistance to infection. However, effects of temperature‐driven changes in on parasites remain unexplored. We examined the temperature dependence infection bacterial communities bumble bees infected with trypanosomatid parasite Crithidia bombi . Infection intensity decreased by over 80% between 21 37°C. Temperatures peak were lower than predicted based growth vitro , consistent mismatches thermal performance curves hosts, symbionts. Gut community size composition exhibited slight but significant, non‐linear, taxon‐specific responses temperature. Abundance total bacteria Orbaceae, negatively correlated previous studies, positively here. Prevalence bee pathogen‐containing family Enterobacteriaceae declined temperature, suggesting that high may confer protection against diverse pathogens. Our results indicate reflects not only performance, also temperature‐dependent activity bacteria. The ecology parasite‐symbiont interactions be broadly relevant infectious disease, ectothermic organisms inhabit changing climates, endotherms exhibit fever‐based immunity.

Language: Английский

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A Metabolic Perspective of Stochastic Community Assembly

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 36(4), P. 280 - 283

Published: Feb. 1, 2021

Language: Английский

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Forecasting in the face of ecological complexity: Number and strength of species interactions determine forecast skill in ecological communities

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 25(9), P. 1974 - 1985

Published: July 13, 2022

The potential for forecasting the dynamics of ecological systems is currently unclear, with contrasting opinions regarding its feasibility due to complexity. To investigate forecast skill within and across systems, we monitored a microbial system exposed either constant or fluctuating temperatures in 5-month-long laboratory experiment. We tested how species abundances depends on number strength interactions model size (number predictors). also greater complexity (i.e. temperatures) impacted these relations. found that more had, weaker were better abundance was predicted. Forecast increased size. Greater decreased three out eight species. These insights into prediction connectedness overall could improve monitoring.

Language: Английский

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Reporting of methods for automated devices: A systematic review and recommendation for studies using FlowCam for phytoplankton

Limnology and Oceanography Methods, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 20(7), P. 400 - 427

Published: June 11, 2022

Abstract Accurate and detailed reporting of methods is essential for scientific progress, yet it widely accepted that authors across all fields tend to provide insufficient detail. Given the recent proliferation automated semi‐automated technologies data collection, address this widespread issue details needed interpretation reproducibility each specific technique first need be identified. A systematic literature review assessed comprehensiveness method reported by 116 peer‐reviewed studies published between 2017 2020 using FlowCam (a used imaging flow cytometer) image phytoplankton, finding lacking in critical details, inhibiting reproducibility, limiting veracity some findings. Through three case studies, we identify several key should ensure their findings are credible, comparable, replicable illustrate wide‐reaching implications not doing so. Future phytoplankton analyses clear relevant relating unit, sample preparation, run settings, post‐processing images, considered use only verified measurement outputs. template presented as a guideline intended enhance quality, interpretability, repeatability future papers. The pervasiveness inadequacies identified here highlights how vital users any or have understanding impact on findings, report these adequately.

Language: Английский

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Tropical rays are intrinsically more sensitive to overfishing than the temperate skates

Biological Conservation, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 281, P. 110003 - 110003

Published: March 29, 2023

Overfishing, habitat loss, and climate change are driving population declines in many species. Understanding a species' capacity to recover from these other threats is necessary for prioritising management. The maximum intrinsic rate of increase (rmax) can be used compare which species or groups particularly sensitive ongoing threats. To investigate global patterns sensitivity rays skates (superorder Batoidea), we calculated rmax 85 using modified Euler-Lotka model that accounts survival maturity. We examined how varies with body mass, temperature, depth an information-theoretic approach through selection, accounting phylogenetic non-independence. Although observed overall positive relationship between found warm, shallow-water were more intrinsically exploitation (lower rmax) than cold, deep-water (higher rmax). hypothesise this pattern likely driven by their different reproductive strategies as live-bearing have fewer offspring compared egg-laying skates, caution future research should focus on understanding differences the mortality schedule juveniles sub-adults understand if maturity comparable. Our findings highlight high vulnerability ray overexploitation due low growth rates. These conservation implications our geographic extinction risk, suggesting tropical sensitive.

Language: Английский

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Rapid eco‐phenotypic feedback and the temperature response of biomass dynamics

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Biomass dynamics capture information on population and ecosystem-level processes (e.g., changes in production over time). Understanding how rising temperatures associated with global climate change influence biomass is thus a pressing issue ecology. The total of species depends its density average mass. Consequently, disentangling responds to increasingly warm variable ultimately understanding temperature influences both mass dynamics. Here, we address this by keeping track experimental microbial populations growing carrying capacity for 15 days at two different temperatures, the presence absence variability. We develop simple mathematical expression partition contribution assess responses either one shifts. Moreover, use time-series analysis (Convergent Cross Mapping) variability reciprocal effects vice versa. show that through dynamics, which have opposite can offset each other. also biomass, but effect independent any or Last, shift significantly across regimes, suggesting rapid environment-dependent eco-phenotypic underlie responses. Overall, our results connect phenotypic explain shedding light play cosmopolitan abundant microbes as world experiences temperatures.

Language: Английский

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Predicting the fundamental thermal niche of ectotherms

Ecology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 105(5)

Published: April 5, 2024

Abstract Climate warming is predicted to increase mean temperatures and thermal extremes on a global scale. Because their body temperature depends the environmental temperature, ectotherms bear full brunt of climate warming. Predicting impact ectotherm diversity distributions requires framework that can translate effects life‐history traits into population‐ community‐level outcomes. Here we present mechanistic theoretical predict fundamental niche envelope species based how affects underlying traits. The advantage this twofold. First, it phenotypic individual organisms population‐level patterns observed in nature. Second, niches envelopes solely trait response data and, hence, completely independently any information. We find at which intrinsic growth rate maximized exceeds abundance under density‐dependent growth. As result, will fastest when rare lower than recover from perturbation abundant. test model predictions using naturalized–invasive interaction identify invasive most easily invade naturalized's habitat naturalized likely resist invasive. sufficiently yield reliable for broad apply across range ectothermic taxa. This ability before encounters new environment essential mitigating some major change populations around globe.

Language: Английский

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