Sex diversity in the 21st century: Concepts, frameworks, and approaches for the future of neuroendocrinology
Hormones and Behavior,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
157, P. 105445 - 105445
Published: Nov. 17, 2023
Sex
is
ubiquitous
and
variable
throughout
the
animal
kingdom.
Historically,
scientists
have
used
reductionist
methodologies
that
rely
on
a
priori
sex
categorizations,
in
which
two
discrete
sexes
are
inextricably
linked
with
gamete
type.
However,
this
binarized
operationalization
does
not
adequately
reflect
diversity
of
observed
nature.
This
due,
part,
to
fact
exists
across
many
levels
biological
analysis,
including
genetic,
molecular,
cellular,
morphological,
behavioral,
population
levels.
Furthermore,
mechanisms
governing
embedded
complex
networks
dynamically
interact
other
systems.
To
produce
most
accurate
scientifically
rigorous
work
examining
neuroendocrinology
capture
full
range
variability
present
systems,
we
must
critically
assess
frameworks,
experimental
designs,
analytical
methods
our
research.
In
perspective
piece,
first
propose
new
conceptual
framework
guide
integrative
study
sex.
Then,
provide
practical
guidance
research
approaches
for
studying
sex-associated
variables,
factors
consider
design,
selection
model
organisms,
methodologies,
statistical
analyses.
We
invite
fellow
conscientiously
apply
these
modernized
advance
understanding
encourage
academically
socially
responsible
outcomes
work.
By
expanding
frameworks
methodological
sex,
will
gain
insight
into
unique
ways
organization
vast
array
Language: Английский
Effects of testosterone on gene expression are concordant between sexes but divergent across species of Sceloporus lizards
The American Naturalist,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
204(5), P. 517 - 532
Published: July 15, 2024
AbstractHormones
mediate
sexual
dimorphism
by
regulating
sex-specific
patterns
of
gene
expression,
but
it
is
unclear
how
much
this
regulation
involves
hormone
levels
versus
transcriptomic
responses
to
the
same
hormonal
signal.
Moreover,
hormones
can
evolve,
extent
which
pleiotropy
in
conserved
across
closely
related
species
not
well
understood.
We
addressed
these
issues
elevating
testosterone
juvenile
females
and
males
three
Language: Английский
Sex and Biology: Broader Impacts Beyond the Binary
Integrative and Comparative Biology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
63(4), P. 960 - 967
Published: Aug. 16, 2023
What
are
the
implications
of
misunderstanding
sex
as
a
binary,
and
why
is
it
essential
for
scientists
to
incorporate
more
expansive
view
biological
in
our
teaching
research?
This
roundtable
will
include
many
symposium
speakers,
including
biologists
intersex
advocates,
discuss
these
topics
visibilize
link
between
ongoing
reification
dyadic
within
scientific
communities
social,
political,
medical
oppression
faced
by
queer,
transgender,
especially
communities.
As
with
whole,
this
conversation
designed
bring
together
empirical
research
implementation
equity,
inclusion,
justice
principles,
which
often
siloed
into
separate
rooms
conversations
at
academic
conferences.
Given
local
national
attacks
on
rights
individuals
access
care
bodily
autonomy,
interdisciplinary
discussion
both
timely
urgent.
Language: Английский
Cross-sexual Transfer Revisited
Integrative and Comparative Biology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
63(4), P. 936 - 945
Published: May 5, 2023
In
her
influential
book
"Developmental
Plasticity
and
Evolution,"
Mary
Jane
West-Eberhard
introduced
the
concept
of
cross-sexual
transfer,
where
traits
expressed
in
one
sex
an
ancestral
species
become
other
sex.
Despite
its
potential
ubiquity,
we
find
that
transfer
has
been
under-studied
under-cited
literature,
with
only
a
few
experimental
papers
have
invoked
concept.
Here,
aim
to
reintroduce
as
powerful
framework
for
explaining
variation
highlight
relevance
current
studies
on
evolution
sexual
heteromorphism
(different
means
or
modes
trait
values
between
sexes).
We
discuss
several
exemplary
published
past
two
decades,
further
building
West-Eberhard's
extensive
review.
emphasize
scenarios
avenues
study,
within-sex
polymorphic
sex-role
reversed
species,
evolutionary
adaptive
implications.
Lastly,
propose
future
questions
expand
our
understanding
from
nonhormonal
mechanisms
identification
broad
taxonomic
patterns.
As
biologists
increasingly
recognize
nonbinary
often
continuous
nature
heteromorphism,
important
utility
generating
novel
insights
perspectives
phenotypes
across
diverse
taxa.
Language: Английский