Frequency of Fusion Inhibitor Resistance Mutations Among Therapy-Naïve HIV Patients

AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 40(8), P. 471 - 481

Published: March 30, 2024

Background Glycoprotein 41 (gp41) of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) protein plays a critical role in membrane fusion. Gp41 binds to proteins plasma CD4+ T cells, particularly T-cell antigen receptor (TCR). These findings indicate that gp41 is involved assembly HIV-1 at cells and affects stimulation TCR. To control HIV-1, new inhibitors were introduced target protein. However, mutations this region might reduce their efficacy. Materials Methods The was amplified from sera thirty patients using nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR). sequences analyzed by bioinformatics tools identify structural features. Subtyping interaction between fusion also examined. Results As first report Iran, docking analysis Iranian showed could not efficacy inhibitors. Most infected with CRF35-AD. Several postmodification positions, including glycosylation phosphorylation sites, identified Conclusion Our revealed no known multinational drug resistance inhibitors; thus, can effectively inhibit HIV patients. Additionally, present study (36-44 aa), which considerably influences interactions This may play pivotal suppressing CFR35-AD. Furthermore, be considered good for subtyping via phylogenetic method.

Language: Английский

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Outcomes of Total Hip Arthroplasty Performed for HIV-Associated Osteonecrosis in China: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Current HIV Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(2), P. 136 - 142

Published: March 1, 2024

In the post-epidemic era, Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) remains one of most prevalent and detrimental infectious diseases worldwide. The incidence osteonecrosis femoral head (ONFH) in AIDS patients is 100 times higher than that healthy individuals. Although Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) ultimately necessary for patients, there still a dearth evidence regarding its safety efficacy Chinese patients.

Language: Английский

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Factors associated with voluntary HIV counseling and testing among young students engaging in casual sexual activity: a cross-sectional study from Eastern China

BMC Public Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: April 22, 2024

Abstract Objectives To investigate the factors associated with voluntary HIV counseling and testing (VCT) among young students engaging in casual sexual activity to establish a scientific rationale for developing targeted intervention strategies preventing HIV/AIDS this population. Methods Stratified cluster sampling was used conduct survey using questionnaires collect demographic behavioral information statistical analysis. Results Data from 611 students, who reported activity, were included Among these, 68 (11.13%) underwent VCT. engaged those non-Zhejiang residents (adjusted odds ratio [ aOR ]: 2.11; 95% Confidence Interval CI 1.17–3.80), had received AIDS-themed lectures or health education courses school past year ( = 3.96, 1.49–10.50), risk self-assessment conducted by 2.31, 1.17–4.59), commercial sex 1.98, 1.07–3.66) more inclined have undergone Male 0.37, 0.18–0.77) condoms consistently during 0.45, 0.21–0.97) less likely undergo Conclusion Casual relatively prevalent posing potential transmission. These findings will be instrumental development effective prevention control students. Additionally, it highlights necessity of promoting popularizing VCT without Zhejiang province residency, are involved and/or lacking education. Moreover, additional research implementation refined interventions specifically tailored necessary enhance their awareness knowledge prevention.

Language: Английский

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HIV subtypes and molecular transmission characteristics among elderly HIV-infected individuals aged 50 and above: a cross-sectional study in Huzhou City, Eastern China

BMJ Open, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(5), P. e085646 - e085646

Published: May 1, 2024

Objective To analyse the HIV-1 subtypes and molecular transmission characteristics of HIV-infected older individuals aged 50 above in Huzhou City, provide a scientific basis for prevention treatment strategies them. Design A cross-sectional study with clustered network cases was performed, basic epidemiological information retrieved from Chinese Centres Disease Prevention Control (CDC) Information System. Setting participants conducted 899 newly diagnosed January 2019 March 2023 city, Zhejiang province, Eastern China. Out these, HIV sequences were successfully obtained 673 individuals, including 274 who above. Primary secondary outcomes Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) nested PCR used to amplify polymerase gene HIV-1, sequencing performed. We univariate multivariate logistic regression describe association cases. Results In total, valid obtained, which revealed 14 subtypes. Circulating recombinant forms (CRF) 07_BC accounted 55.8% CRF01_AE 20.1% Data 150 included network, proportion elderly is 52.26% (150/287). The results multivariable analysis showed that age group (60–82 years) CRF07_BC subtype associated case clustering (transmission risk). Conclusions key high-risk mainly composed subtype. It necessary further strengthen AIDS health promotion education 60 years above, as well patients subtype, reduce risk.

Language: Английский

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Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head in People Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A Micro–Computed Tomography Study

Open Forum Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Dec. 19, 2023

Abstract Background The incidence of osteonecrosis the femoral head (ONFH) in people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is 10–100 times higher than that general population. However, specific bone microstructure and extent damage within PWH are still unclear. Methods Femoral samples were obtained by total hip arthroplasty, micro–computed tomography (micro-CT) was employed to investigate trabecular across 4 representative regions necrotic heads, quantitative analysis performed. Results On observation, different degrees degenerative cartilage, fibrocartilage, hyperplastic bone, exposed presented alternately, a “map-like” appearance. micro-CT, compared normal areas, volume/tissue volume mineral density sclerotic areas significantly increased, number trabeculae gap smaller (P < .05). There no significant difference thickness among groups Conclusions systemic immune syndrome caused HIV itself may interfere metabolism including osteoblasts osteoclasts, thus participate HIV-related ONFH.

Language: Английский

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Evaluation of HIV-1 DNA levels among adolescents living with perinatally acquired HIV-1 in Yaounde, Cameroon: A contribution to paediatric HIV cure research in Sub-Saharan Africa

Journal of Virus Eradication, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(1), P. 100367 - 100367

Published: March 1, 2024

With the advent of antiretroviral therapy (ART), most children living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are growing toward adolescence, scarcity evidence on size viral reservoirs to enhance paediatric cure research strategies. This study aims compare HIV-1 proviral DNA levels according virological response among adolescents perinatally acquired (ALPHIV) and identify associated-factors Cameroonian context. In this observational cohort-study, RNA viremia CD4+ T-cell count were assessed through RT-PCR flow cytometry respectively at three time-points over 18 months observation. At third time-point, 80 randomly-selected participants classified as (≥50 copies/mL; n = 40) or without (<50 40); immune-competent (≥500 cells/mm3) immunocompromised (<500 cells/mm3). Among these participants, total load was quantified droplet digital PCR using Bio-rad QX-200. Of adolescents, median [IQR] age 1513–17 years, 56.2% female, duration ART 9.3 [5.4–12.2] years. 40 (median 7312 [283–71482]) copies/ml, 75.0% (30/40) failure (≥1000 copies/ml), while CD4 cells 494 [360–793] cell/mm3 48.8% (39/80) immunocompromised. No significant variation CD4-cell observed between time-points, 13.7% (11/80) remained throughout (stable adolescents). A positive moderate correlation (r 0.59; p < 0.001) found viremia. Regarding count, a negative weak −0.28; 0.014) loads only Adolescents who started within first-year life, those >9 years appear predictors low loads. ALPHIV, high indicates an elevated reservoir size, representing drawback research. Interestingly, early ART-initiation longer ART-duration lead sustained control limited size. As appears consistent immune-competence, (about 14% target population) would be candidates for analytical interruptions establishing post-treatment controllers SSA.

Language: Английский

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Factors associated with online dating among college students engaging in casual sexual behavior in China: cross-sectional study

Frontiers in Public Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Aug. 23, 2024

Objective This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with online dating among college students engaging in casual sexual behavior, by understanding these factors, targeted intervention measures can be formulated for relevant departments help better manage their health and offer useful reference development of education. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a stratified cluster sampling method. Demographic behavioral information gathered through questionnaires univariable multivariable logistic regression analysis. Results total 595 behavior were included study, whom 345 (57.98%) had found partners internet. Multiple analysis indicated that male participants, those aged 20–21 years, who recently attended AIDS-themed lectures or education classes at school, participants willing engage commercial activities during dating, accepted men have sex (MSM), reported having intercourse regular past year, wanted know if HIV-diagnosed, engaged year perceived themselves risk HIV infection more likely dating. Participants general/disharmonious family relationships, consistently used condoms occasionally less Conclusion There certain extent proportion sourced from internet, indicating profound influence on behavior. Therefore, future research should focus promotion platforms, strengthen regulations guidance students’ raise awareness prevention this group.

Language: Английский

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Clinical application of a novel three-dimensional printed template for osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture

Asian Journal of Surgery, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Urgent Focus on Occupational Exposure to HIV in Orthopedic Surgery: A 10-Year Retrospective Study of 215 Surgeries in a Chinese Hospital

Infection and Drug Resistance, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: Volume 17, P. 4311 - 4315

Published: Oct. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Urgent focus on enhanced recovery after surgery of AIDS patients with limb fractures

Bone and Joint Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(11), P. 647 - 658

Published: Nov. 12, 2024

Aims The incidence of limb fractures in patients living with HIV (PLWH) is increasing. However, due to their immunodeficiency status, the operation and rehabilitation these present unique challenges. Currently, it urgent establish a standardized perioperative plan based on concept enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS). This study aimed validate effectiveness ERAS period PLWH fractures. Methods A total 120 fractures, between January 2015 December 2023, were included this study. We established multidisciplinary team design implement protocol. demographic, surgical, clinical, follow-up information collected analyzed retrospectively. Results Compared control group, group had shorter operating time, hospital stay, preoperative waiting postoperative discharge less intraoperative blood loss, higher albumin haemoglobin first day. time removal urinary catheter/drainage tube was shortened, drainage volume also significantly reduced group. There no significant difference visual analogue scale (VAS) scores return ward, but lower first, second, third days. differences complications, other than 10% more nausea vomiting function at one-year similar two groups, radiological fracture union physical work sports Conclusion implementation series nursing measures can reduce occurrence pain accelerate improvement functional status affected early stage, which worthy applying medical institutions. Cite article: Bone Joint Res 2024;13(11):647–658.

Language: Английский

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