Small‐scale fisheries and local food systems: Transformations, threats and opportunities

Fish and Fisheries, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 23(1), P. 109 - 124

Published: Aug. 9, 2021

Abstract Fish from marine and inland capture fisheries is an important food that contributes significantly to diets health, but their contribution somewhat overlooked in security poverty‐related policies. Given the current numbers of malnourished people globally, there a pressing need consider how better realize potential fish systems can address malnourishment. To do so, we re‐examine literature perspective systems. Starting with nutritional needs considering these may be met through local reveals ongoing transformation has implications for small‐scale fisheries, as increasingly become part globalized We describe factors change nature production, mediate access distribution benefits lead impoverishment. This emphasizes governance challenges lie at heart complex, contested systems, which actors interact shape determining who how. draw attention critical issues access, power values norms underpin efforts manage transform exposing unequal struggle secure fishers poor must endure. suggest vital challenge management engage this develop policies measures would enable make positive contributions security, while meeting global sustainable development objectives.

Language: Английский

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Healthier and more sustainable diets: What changes are needed in high‐income countries?

Nutrition Bulletin, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 46(3), P. 279 - 309

Published: Aug. 15, 2021

Abstract Debate persists around the food production and dietary changes needed to improve sustainability of our global system. We reviewed 29 studies in high‐income countries that used various methodologies define a healthier, more sustainable diet. Diets aligned with guidelines, containing less meat higher amounts plant‐derived foods (vegetables, pulses [beans/lentils], fruit, wholegrains, nuts, seeds) would likely offer environmental benefits (~20–50% lower greenhouse gas emissions [GHGE] land use) population health, although may not reduce water footprint. Changes consumption milk products eggs were inconsistent optimisation studies, perhaps reflecting trade‐offs between their nutrient contribution impact. Foods high fat, salt and/or sugar, beverages (e.g. tea, coffee fruit juices) contributed substantially footprints some studies. Vegetarian vegan diets deliver larger benefits, but are unlikely be widely adopted, intakes bioavailability essential nutrients iron, zinc, iodine B12). recommend adherence existing government guidelines as realistic goal 30% GHGE UK) health impacts diets, recognising is currently relatively poor. Wider considerations include: context‐specific nutritional, cost cultural needs; need for public engagement understand barriers/motivators; better understanding wider implications linked system how these can managed, so do come at expense greater ‘outsourced’ other regions.

Language: Английский

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Predicted Aflatoxin B1 Increase in Europe Due to Climate Change: Actions and Reactions at Global Level

Toxins, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(4), P. 292 - 292

Published: April 20, 2021

Climate change (CC) is predicted to increase the risk of aflatoxin (AF) contamination in maize, as highlighted by a project supported EFSA 2009. We performed comprehensive literature search using Scopus engine extract peer-reviewed studies citing this study. A total 224 papers were identified after step

Language: Английский

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The COVID-19, Obesity, and Food Insecurity Syndemic

Current Obesity Reports, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(3), P. 70 - 79

Published: Feb. 9, 2022

Language: Английский

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Associations of Adherence to a Dietary Index Based on the EAT–Lancet Reference Diet with Nutritional, Anthropometric, and Ecological Sustainability Parameters: Results from the German DONALD Cohort Study

Journal of Nutrition, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 152(7), P. 1763 - 1772

Published: May 10, 2022

Validation of the EAT-Lancet reference diet (ELR-diet), recently proposed by Commission, within context real-life studies is necessary to elucidate its feasibility, nutritional value, sustainability, and health effects.We aimed develop a dietary index (DI) score measure adherence ELR-diet. We further study association between DI 1) characteristics, 2) indicators ecological 3) anthropometric markers biomarkers for cardiometabolic health.A was constructed comparing categories defined ELR-diet with data 2-5 sets 3-d weighed records from DONALD (Dortmund Nutritional Anthropometric Longitudinal Designed) participants (n = 298; ≥15 y age). Prospective associations risk (anthropometric cardiometabolic) in young adulthood (≥18 old) were investigated using multivariate linear regression.Adherence components considerable (majority > 50%), but varied population (2%-100%). The highest tertile inversely associated intake protein (tertile 3 compared 1: 13.5 14.5 energy %), added sugars (10.5 12.4 cholesterol (100 116 mg/1000 kcal), positively fiber (10.0 8.82 g/1000 kcal) (all P < 0.05). greenhouse-gas emissions 1 3: 6.48 5.85 kg carbon dioxide equivalents/2500 kcal; 0.001) land use (8.24 7.16 m2 × y/2500 0.001). Inverse during observed (e.g., BMI: 22.9 21.9 kg/m2; 0.03) No found ≥ 0.05).Adherence favorable characteristics reduced environmental impact. Adherence adolescence also beneficial respect early adulthood, although not markers.

Language: Английский

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How the EAT–Lancet Commission on food in the Anthropocene influenced discourse and research on food systems: a systematic review covering the first 2 years post-publication

The Lancet Global Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(7), P. e1125 - e1136

Published: June 20, 2023

In 2019, the EAT-Lancet Commission's report on food in Anthropocene presented a planetary heath diet to improve health while reducing environmental effect of systems globally. We assessed EAT-Lancet's immediate influence academic research and debate by conducting systematic review articles citing Commission others published from January, April, 2021. The influenced methods, results, or discourse for 192 (7·5%) 2560 articles, stimulating cross-disciplinary across life sciences (47%), medical (42%), social (11%). Sentiment analysis 76 critiquing indicated that opinions were, average, more positive than negative. Positive sentiments centred benefits informing policy, public health, raising awareness. Negative included insufficient attention socioeconomic dimensions, feasibility, effects other emissions. Empirical predominantly evaluated changed diets production environment wellbeing (29%), compared current with recommendations (12%), informed future policy agendas (20%). Despite limitations method, scope, implementation community supported these recommendations. A broad suite needs was identified focusing processing, political drivers optimising consumption health.

Language: Английский

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The Potential Impact of Climate Change on the Micronutrient-Rich Food Supply

Advances in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 80 - 100

Published: Sept. 8, 2021

Language: Английский

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The role of public-private partnerships in improving global food security

Global Food Security, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 31, P. 100588 - 100588

Published: Oct. 30, 2021

Global food security is at a tipping point. After decades of both absolute and relative improvement in worldwide, climate change, market disruptions declining productivity have reversed the trend. four improving security, more people larger portion global population are hungry today than 2015. In response, researchers their funders, governments, industries interest groups urging renewed collaboration partnerships to recover return accelerate production improve distribution. Recently some public academics civil society organizations opposing these public-private (P3s). The article reviews context, discusses logic for P3s explores range that been used impacts on agri-food system. We conclude rather reversing direction, use strategic tactical should be accelerated order security. • Food insecurity increasing, triggering need innovative solutions. Public sector investments agricultural R&D declining. Recent increases ag due private investments. equitably share costs risks innovation. offer solutions face changing climates.

Language: Английский

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Implementation and scale-up of nutrition-sensitive agriculture in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review of what works, what doesn't work and why

Global Food Security, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 32, P. 100595 - 100595

Published: Dec. 20, 2021

Evidence is rapidly growing on the impact pathways through which nutrition-sensitive agriculture (NSA) contributes to improving nutritional outcomes. However, harness NSA's full potential, it equally important understand why impacts are achieved (or not) and factors play a role. success failure as well external barriers facilitators that influence implementation scale-up of NSA in low- middle-income countries (LMICs) still limited. To address this gap, we reviewed empirical evidence (since 2000) influencing scale-up. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) guided analysis synthesis systematic review. Eighty-five studies met inclusion criteria were extracted synthesized across five domains CFIR; here report findings from three domains: interventions, inner setting outer setting. Many related each identified: intervention-specific (clustered seven sub-domains 23 themes), local contextual (in six broader enabling environment 12 themes). A strong interplay among was observed. This review highlights key areas attention enhance programs: learning past successes failures; appropriateness acceptability based context knowledge; project flexibility addressing design limitations coping with unforeseen hindrances; strengthening structures, community empowerment increasing resilience; supportive policy governance. Our can help decision-makers at multiple levels strengthen on-going/future programs anticipate possible pitfalls maximise potential reduce undernutrition LMICs.

Language: Английский

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End-to-end 3D CNN for plot-scale soybean yield prediction using multitemporal UAV-based RGB images

Precision Agriculture, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 25(2), P. 834 - 864

Published: Dec. 21, 2023

Abstract Crop yield prediction from UAV images has significant potential in accelerating and revolutionizing crop breeding pipelines. Although convolutional neural networks (CNN) provide easy, accurate efficient solutions over traditional machine learning models computer vision applications, a CNN training requires large number of ground truth data, which is often difficult to collect the agricultural context. The major objective this study was develope an end-to-end 3D model for plot-scale soybean using multitemporal UAV-based RGB with approximately 30,000 sample plots. A low-cost UAV-RGB system utilized 13 different experimental fields were collected at Argentina 2021. Three commonly used 2D architectures (i.e., VGG, ResNet DenseNet) transformed into variants incorporate temporal data as third dimension. Additionally, multiple spatiotemporal resolutions considered input trained combinations shapes. results reveal that: (a) DenseNet provided most result (R 2 0.69) terms accuracy complexity, followed by VGG 0.70) 0.65); (b) Finer resolution did not necessarily improve performance but increased while coarser achieved comparable results; (c) showed lower clustering patterns its maps compared other models. This clearly identifies that observation provides enough information accurately estimate non-destructively efficiently.

Language: Английский

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