Effects of COVID-19 Infection and Vaccination on the Female Reproductive System: A Narrative Review

Balkan Medical Journal, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 40(3), P. 153 - 164

Published: April 28, 2023

Several studies and research papers have been published to elucidate understand the mechanism of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic its long-term effects on human body. COVID-19 affects a number organs, including female reproductive system. However, less attention has given system due their low morbidity. The results investigating relationship between infection ovarian function in women age shown harmless involvement infection. reported oocyte quality, function, dysfunctions uterine endometrium menstrual cycle. findings these indicate that negatively follicular microenvironment dysregulate function. Although health studied humans animals, very few examined how objective this review is summarize current literature categorize system, ovaries, uterus, hormonal profiles. maturation, oxidative stress, which causes chromosomal instability apoptosis vitro fertilization cycle, high-quality embryos, premature insufficiency, vein thrombosis, hypercoagulable state, women’s hypothalamus-pituitary-ovary axis, sex hormones, estrogen, progesterone, anti-Müllerian hormone, are discussed particular.

Language: Английский

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Pseudorabies virus inhibits progesterone-induced inactivation of TRPML1 to facilitate viral entry

PLoS Pathogens, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 20(1), P. e1011956 - e1011956

Published: Jan. 31, 2024

Viral infection is a significant risk factor for fertility issues. Here, we demonstrated that by neurotropic alphaherpesviruses, such as pseudorabies virus (PRV), could impair female disrupting the hypothalamus-pituitary-ovary axis (HPOA), reducing progesterone (P4) levels, and consequently lowering pregnancy rates. Our study revealed PRV exploited transient receptor potential mucolipin 1 (TRPML1) its lipid activator, phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate (PI(3,5)P 2 ), to facilitate viral entry through lysosomal cholesterol Ca 2+ . P4 antagonized this process inducing storage disorders promoting proteasomal degradation of TRPML1 via murine double minute (MDM2)-mediated polyubiquitination. Overall, identifies novel mechanism which hijacks pathway evade P4-mediated antiviral defense fertility. This may be common among alphaherpesviruses contribute significantly their impact on reproductive health, providing new insights development therapies.

Language: Английский

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Association between acquiring SARS-CoV-2 during pregnancy and post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection: RECOVER electronic health record cohort analysis

EClinicalMedicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 73, P. 102654 - 102654

Published: May 24, 2024

BackgroundLittle is known about post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) after acquiring during pregnancy. We aimed to evaluate the association between pregnancy compared with outside and development PASC.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study from Researching COVID Enhance Recovery (RECOVER) Initiative Patient-Centred Clinical Research Network (PCORnet) used electronic health record (EHR) data 19 U.S. systems. Females aged 18–49 years lab-confirmed March 2020 through June 2022 were included. Validated algorithms identify pregnancies a delivery at >20 weeks' gestation. The primary outcome was PASC, as previously defined by computable phenotype in adult non-pregnant PCORnet EHR dataset, identified 30–180 days post-SARS-CoV-2 infection. Secondary outcomes 24 component diagnoses contributing PASC definition. Univariable comparisons made for baseline characteristics individuals acquired Using inverse probability treatment weighting adjust differences, selected modelled. incident risk reported adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 95% confidence intervals.FindingsIn total, 83,915 females 5397 included analysis. Non-pregnant more likely be older have comorbid conditions. associated lower incidence (25.5% vs 33.9%; aHR 0.85, CI 0.80–0.91). pregnant increased some including abnormal heartbeat (aHR 1.67, 1.43–1.94), abdominal pain 1.34, 1.16–1.55), thromboembolism 1.88, 1.17–3.04), but decreased other malaise 0.35, 0.27–0.47), pharyngitis 0.36, 0.26–0.48) cognitive problems 0.39, 0.27–0.56).InterpretationSARS-CoV-2 this nationally representative sample. These findings may counsel capable individuals, direct future prospective study.FundingNational Institutes Health (NIH) Other Transaction Agreement (OTA) OT2HL16184.

Language: Английский

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Clinical Spectrum of Long COVID: Effects on Female Reproductive Health

Viruses, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(7), P. 1142 - 1142

Published: July 16, 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has presented numerous health challenges, including long-term COVID, which affects female reproductive health. This review consolidates the current research on impact of menstrual cycle, ovarian function, fertility, and overall gynecological study emphasizes role angiotensin-converting enzyme receptors in viral entry subsequent tissue-specific pathological effects. It also explores potential influence long COVID hormonal balance immune responses, contributing to irregularities impaired function. findings indicate a higher prevalence among women, highlighting substantial implications for need sex-sensitive longitudinal studies. Enhanced surveillance targeted are essential develop effective interventions that prioritize women's well-being following infection. advocates sex-informed approach ongoing healthcare strategies, aiming provide up-to-date pertinent data providers general public, ultimately improving outcomes females affected COVID.

Language: Английский

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Post-pandemic insights on COVID-19 and premature ovarian insufficiency

Open Life Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

The COVID-19 pandemic has raised concerns regarding its potential impact on premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). This overview examines the possible interactions between and POI, while also suggesting preventive measures. viral infection's inflammatory response immune dysregulation may adversely affect tissues, leading to inflammation damage. Additionally, alterations in vascular function could impair blood flow hormonal imbalances disrupt normal function. Long-term health effects, such as "long COVID," exacerbate these issues through chronic dysfunction. Public measures, vaccination home isolation, indirectly protect by reducing systemic inflammation. Vaccines mitigate severity of COVID-19's function, isolation reduce stress However, further research is needed validate mechanisms.

Language: Английский

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Fertility dynamics through historical pandemics and COVID-19 in Switzerland, 1871–2022

Population Studies, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 16

Published: March 11, 2025

We follow general fertility rates (GFRs) in Switzerland up to 2022, with a focus on their dynamics during and after pandemics. Historical influenza pandemics (1889–90, 1918–20, 1957) have consistently led temporary declines births between six nine months the pandemic peak. High of miscarriage may explain these findings. After 1889–90 1918–20 pandemics, short-term baby booms occurred. For recent Covid-19 pandemic, appear more complex. The GFR had already been declining since 2018, before hit Switzerland. During shortly first two waves 2020, there was an increase conceptions, leading higher 2021: shutdown measures brought planned pregnancies forwards. Subsequently, declined from February 2022; one possible explanation is that were intentionally postponed until vaccination. Following population-level observations, in-depth studies are needed understand better why affected by

Language: Английский

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TCM “medicine and food homology” in the management of post-COVID disorders

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Aug. 31, 2023

The World Health Organization declared that COVID-19 is no longer a public health emergency of global concern on May 5, 2023. Post-COVID disorders are, however, becoming more common. Hence, there lies growing need to develop safe and effective treatment measures manage post-COVID disorders. Investigating the use TCM medicinal foods in long-term therapy illnesses may be beneficial given contemporary research's emphasis development foods.The for highlighted this review. Following discussion history "Medicine Food Homology" theory, pathophysiological effects will briefly reviewed. An analysis their functions treating then provided before offering some insight into potential directions future research application.TCM can different aspects management efficient choice because they are typically milder nature than chronic drug use. These findings also applied post-disease similar respiratory

Language: Английский

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COVID-19 and Female Fertility: An Observational Prospective Multicenter Cohort Study: Upholding Reproductive Rights in Emergency Circumstances

Diagnostics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(19), P. 2118 - 2118

Published: Sept. 24, 2024

Objectives: Currently available research data points to COVID-19-related multi-organ system damage. This study aims evaluate the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on reproductive health, that is, plasma levels FSH, LH, estradiol, AMH, and antral follicular count, women undergoing level II ART techniques. Methods: is a multicenter, prospective, observational by medicine centers Palermo’s Ospedali Riuniti Villa Sofia-Cervello Hospital Vanvitelli University. From September 2022 March 2024, 203 patients aged 24–43 were enrolled, all with diagnosed infertility history infection. Symptomatic women, testing positive for HIV or other liver viruses, ovarian cancer who had taken gonadotoxic drugs excluded. Plasma measurements count performed before after Results: The analysis accounting concentration anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) COVID-19 infection shows an average decrease from 1.33 ng/mL 0.97 Average was −27.4%; reduction 1 follicle (95% CI: −0.74 −1.33) reported following Levels E2 did not vary significantly. FSH LH pointed increase. Conclusions: damages female causing significant reductions in AMH (−27.4%) AFC (−1 follicle) values increase (+13.6%) (+13.4%) values. No effect reported. pandemic has also affected ability infertile access procedures, calls novel, updated blueprint designed enhance our preparedness event similar circumstances should occur again.

Language: Английский

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Researching COVID to enhance recovery (RECOVER) pregnancy study: Rationale, objectives and design

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 18(12), P. e0285351 - e0285351

Published: Dec. 21, 2023

Pregnancy induces unique physiologic changes to the immune response and hormonal leading plausible differences in risk of developing post-acute sequelae SARS-CoV-2 (PASC), or Long COVID. Exposure during pregnancy may also have long-term ramifications for exposed offspring, it is critical evaluate health outcomes children. The National Institutes Health (NIH) Researching COVID Enhance Recovery (RECOVER) Multi-site Observational Study PASC aims infection various populations. RECOVER-Pregnancy was designed specifically address maternal-child dyads. cohort a combined prospective retrospective that proposes enroll 2,300 individuals with COVID-19 pandemic their offspring unexposed utero, including single multiple gestations. Enrollment will occur both person at 27 sites through Eunice Kennedy Shriver Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units Network remotely national recruitment by study team University California San Francisco (UCSF). Adults without are eligible enrollment follow protocol RECOVER-Adult validated screening tools, laboratory analyses symptom questionnaires followed more in-depth phenotyping on subset overall cohort. Offspring utero maternal undergo tests neurodevelopment other 12, 18, 24, 36 48 months age. Blood specimens be collected 24 age antibody testing, storage anticipated later proposed RECOVER investigators. whether having modifies factors, prevalence, phenotype PASC. establish there increased risks adverse among children utero. Clinical Trial Registration: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT05172011.

Language: Английский

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Effect of COVID-19 on Menstruation and Lower Reproductive Tract Health

International Journal of Women s Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: Volume 15, P. 1999 - 2013

Published: Dec. 1, 2023

Background: To evaluate the dynamically impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on female reproductive system. Methods: An online survey was shared to women age who had been infected with COVID-19 and recovered in China between January March 2023. Results: In total, 610 childbearing completed menstrual component 82.6% (n=504) self-purchased medications without hospitalization. 254 were menstruating during infection. 66.9% them reported changes menstruation, including cycle length (64.7%), flow (72.4%), duration (53%), compared pre–COVID-19. COVID-19–related chest tightness (OR: 9.5; 95% CI: 1.9– 46.3), stress 18.4; 1.4– 249.7), low mood 6.2; 28.2) associated these changes. However, over 73% menstruated after regained their pre-infection (73%), (79.6%), (75.2%) first menstruation recovery. Compared pre-infection, 19.7% (n=124) lower tract COVID-19, volume color vaginal discharge, vulvar pruritus, vaginitis. These significantly increased those a history pelvic inflammatory 12.1; 3.1– 48.2), ovarian cysts 4.9; 1.2– 19.4), vaginitis 5.5; 2.1– 14.4) prior COVID-19. 52.4% that health returned its within month recovery from while 73.5% return 2 months. Conclusion: Changes are transient. Menstruation will gradually pre-COVID-19 status months recovery, which can help alleviate excessive concerns about effects Keywords: abnormalities, health, system

Language: Английский

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