Chronic viral coinfections differentially affect the likelihood of developing long COVID

Journal of Clinical Investigation, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 133(3)

Published: Dec. 1, 2022

BACKGROUND. The presence and reactivation of chronic viral infections, such as EBV, CMV, HIV, have been proposed potential contributors to long COVID (LC), but studies in well-characterized postacute cohorts individuals with COVID-19 over a longer time course consistent current case definitions LC are limited.

Language: Английский

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Long COVID: pathophysiological factors and abnormalities of coagulation

Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 34(6), P. 321 - 344

Published: April 19, 2023

Acute COVID-19 infection is followed by prolonged symptoms in approximately one ten cases: known as Long COVID. The disease affects ~65 million individuals worldwide. Many pathophysiological processes appear to underlie COVID, including viral factors (persistence, reactivation, and bacteriophagic action of SARS CoV-2); host (chronic inflammation, metabolic endocrine dysregulation, immune autoimmunity); downstream impacts (tissue damage from the initial infection, tissue hypoxia, dysbiosis, autonomic nervous system dysfunction). These mechanisms culminate long-term persistence disorder characterized a thrombotic endothelialitis, endothelial hyperactivated platelets, fibrinaloid microclots. abnormalities blood vessels coagulation affect every organ represent unifying pathway for various

Language: Английский

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Proposed subtypes of post‐COVID‐19 syndrome (or long‐COVID) and their respective potential therapies

Reviews in Medical Virology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 32(4)

Published: Dec. 9, 2021

Summary The effects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), a highly transmissible infectious respiratory that has initiated an ongoing pandemic since early 2020, do not always end in the acute phase. Depending on study referred, about 10%–30% (or more) COVID‐19 survivors may develop long‐COVID or post‐COVID‐19 syndrome (PCS), characterised by persistent symptoms (most commonly fatigue, dyspnoea, and cognitive impairments) lasting for 3 months more after COVID‐19. While pathophysiological mechanisms PCS have been extensively described elsewhere, subtypes not. Owing to its multifaceted nature, this review proposes characterises six based existing literature. are non‐severe multi‐organ sequelae (NSC‐MOS), pulmonary fibrosis (PFS), myalgic encephalomyelitis chronic fatigue (ME/CFS), postural orthostatic tachycardia (POTS), post‐intensive care (PICS) medical clinical (MCS). Original studies supporting each these documented review, as well their respective potential interventions. Ultimately, subtyping proposed herein aims provide better clarity current understanding PCS.

Language: Английский

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Early clues regarding the pathogenesis of long-COVID

Trends in Immunology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 43(4), P. 268 - 270

Published: March 8, 2022

Language: Английский

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Post-acute COVID-19 syndrome in patients after 12 months from COVID-19 infection in Korea

BMC Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Jan. 27, 2022

As the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic continues to progress, awareness about its long-term impacts has been growing. To date, studies on course of symptoms, factors associated with persistent and quality life after 12 months since recovery from acute COVID-19 have limited.A prospective online survey (First: September 8, 2020-September 10, 2020; Second: May 26, 2021-June 1, 2021) was conducted recovered patients who were previously diagnosed between February 13, 2020 March at Kyungpook National University Hospital. Responders aged 17 70 years included in study. Overall, 900 241 responders followed up 6 first second surveys, respectively. Clinical characteristics, self-reported EuroQol-5-dimension (EQ5D) index score investigated for evaluating life.The median period date symptom onset or diagnosis time 454 (interquartile range [IQR] 451-458) days. The age 37 (IQR 26.0-51.0) years, 164 (68.0%) women. Altogether, 11 (4.6%) asymptomatic, 194 (80.5%), 30 (12.4%), (2.5%) had mild, moderate, severe illness, 127 (52.7%) still experienced COVID-19-related symptoms (5.0%) receiving outpatient treatment such symptoms. main difficulty concentration, cognitive dysfunction, amnesia, depression, fatigue, anxiety. Considering EQ5D scores, only 59.3% did not anxiety depression. Older age, female sex, severity identified as risk neuropsychiatric symptoms.COVID-19-related improved over time; however, neurological can last longer than other Continuous careful observation improvement multidisciplinary integrated research are required.

Language: Английский

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The intersection of COVID-19 and autoimmunity

Journal of Clinical Investigation, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 131(24)

Published: Oct. 28, 2021

Acute COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, is characterized diverse clinical presentations, ranging from asymptomatic infection to fatal respiratory failure, and often associated with varied longer-term sequelae. Over the past 18 months, it has become apparent that inappropriate immune responses contribute pathogenesis of severe COVID-19. Researchers working at intersection COVID-19 autoimmunity recently gathered an American Autoimmune Related Diseases Association Noel R. Rose Colloquium address current state knowledge regarding two important questions: Does established predispose COVID-19? And, same time, can SARS-CoV-2 trigger de novo autoimmunity? Indeed, work date demonstrated 10% 15% patients critical pneumonia exhibit autoantibodies against type I interferons, suggesting preexisting underlies disease in some patients. Other studies have identified functional following such as those promote thrombosis or antagonize cytokine signaling. These may arise a predominantly extrafollicular B cell response more prone generating autoantibody-secreting cells. This Review highlights understanding, evolving concepts, unanswered questions provided this unique opportunity determine mechanisms which viral be exacerbated by, even trigger, autoimmunity. The potential role post-acute sequelae also discussed.

Language: Английский

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Psychiatric and neurological complications of long COVID

Journal of Psychiatric Research, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 156, P. 349 - 360

Published: Oct. 20, 2022

Language: Английский

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Sexual dimorphism in COVID-19: potential clinical and public health implications

The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(3), P. 221 - 230

Published: Feb. 1, 2022

Language: Английский

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Post-COVID-19 Condition

Annual Review of Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 74(1), P. 55 - 64

Published: Aug. 1, 2022

An estimated 10-15% of those infected with SARS-CoV-2 may have post-COVID-19 condition. Common lingering signs and symptoms include shortness breath, fatigue, high heart rate, memory cognitive dysfunction even several months after infection, often impacting survivors' quality life. The prevalence duration individual remain difficult to ascertain due the lack standardized research methods across various studies limited patient follow-up in clinical studies. Nonetheless, data indicate condition occur independent acuity initial hospitalization status, age, or pre-existing comorbidities. Risk factors female sex underlying respiratory psychiatric disease. Supportive therapies mitigate mainstay treatment. Reassuringly, most patients experience a reduction by 1 year. use universal case definition shared will allow for further clarity regarding pervasiveness this entity its long-term health consequences.

Language: Английский

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Long Covid: where we stand and challenges ahead

Cell Death and Differentiation, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 7, 2022

Abstract Post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC), also known as Post-Covid Syndrome, and colloquially Long Covid, has been defined a constellation signs symptoms which persist for weeks or months after the initial infection. PASC affects wide range diverse organs systems, with manifestations involving lungs, brain, cardiovascular system other such kidney neuromuscular system. The pathogenesis is complex multifactorial. Evidence suggests that seeding persistence in different organs, reactivation, response to unrelated viruses EBV, autoimmunity, uncontrolled inflammation are major drivers PASC. relative importance pathogenetic pathways may differ tissue organ contexts. vaccination, addition protecting against disease, reduces breakthrough infection although its actual impact remains be defined. represents formidable challenge health care systems dissecting mechanisms pave way targeted preventive therapeutic approaches.

Language: Английский

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