The effect of temperature on persistence of SARS-CoV-2 on common surfaces

Virology Journal, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 17(1)

Published: Oct. 7, 2020

Abstract Background The rate at which COVID-19 has spread throughout the globe been alarming. While role of fomite transmission is not yet fully understood, precise data on environmental stability SARS-CoV-2 required to determine risks from contaminated surfaces. Methods This study measured survival rates infectious SARS-CoV-2, suspended in a standard ASTM E2197 matrix, several common surface types. All experiments were carried out dark, negate any effects UV light. Inoculated surfaces incubated 20 °C, 30 °C and 40 sampled various time points. Results Survival determined different temperatures D-values, Z-values half-life calculated. We obtained half lives between 1.7 2.7 days reducing few hours when temperature was elevated °C. With initial viral loads broadly equivalent highest titres excreted by patients, viable virus isolated for up 28 such as glass, stainless steel both paper polymer banknotes. Conversely, survived less than 24 h some Conclusion These findings demonstrate can remain significantly longer periods generally considered possible. results could be used inform improved risk mitigation procedures prevent COVID-19.

Language: Английский

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Aerosol transmission of SARS-CoV-2? Evidence, prevention and control

Environment International, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 144, P. 106039 - 106039

Published: Aug. 7, 2020

As public health teams respond to the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), containment and understanding modes severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission is utmost importance for policy making. During this time, governmental agencies have been instructing community on handwashing physical distancing measures. However, there no agreement role aerosol SARS-CoV-2. To end, we aimed review evidence Several studies support that SARS-CoV-2 plausible, plausibility score (weight combined evidence) 8 out 9. Precautionary control strategies should consider effective mitigation

Language: Английский

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Recommendations for Keeping Parks and Green Space Accessible for Mental and Physical Health During COVID-19 and Other Pandemics

Preventing Chronic Disease, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 17

Published: July 9, 2020

Preventing Chronic Disease (PCD) is a peer-reviewed electronic journal established by the National Center for Prevention and Health Promotion. PCD provides an open exchange of information knowledge among researchers, practitioners, policy makers, others who strive to improve health public through chronic disease prevention.

Language: Английский

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Increasing Temperature and Relative Humidity Accelerates Inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 on Surfaces

mSphere, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 5(4)

Published: June 30, 2020

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was first identified in China late and is caused by newly severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Previous studies had reported the stability of SARS-CoV-2 cell culture media deposited onto surfaces under a limited set environmental conditions. Here, we broadly investigated effects relative humidity, temperature, droplet size on simulated clinically relevant matrix dried nonporous surfaces. The results show that decayed more rapidly when either humidity or temperature increased but volume (1 to 50 μl) surface type (stainless steel, plastic, nitrile glove) did not significantly impact decay rate. At room (24°C), virus half-life ranged from 6.3 18.6 h depending reduced 1.0 8.9 35°C. These findings suggest potential for fomite transmission may persist hours days indoor environments have implications assessment risk posed contamination environments.

Language: Английский

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UV-C irradiation is highly effective in inactivating SARS-CoV-2 replication

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: March 18, 2021

Abstract The potential virucidal effects of UV-C irradiation on SARS-CoV-2 were experimentally evaluated for different illumination doses and virus concentrations (1000, 5, 0.05 MOI). At a density comparable to that observed in infection, an dose just 3.7 mJ/cm 2 was sufficient achieve more than 3-log inactivation without any sign viral replication. Moreover, complete at all with 16.9 . These results could explain the epidemiological trends COVID-19 are important development novel sterilizing methods contain infection.

Language: Английский

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The role of seasonality in the spread of COVID-19 pandemic

Environmental Research, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 195, P. 110874 - 110874

Published: Feb. 21, 2021

Language: Английский

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Environmental factors involved in SARS-CoV-2 transmission: effect and role of indoor environmental quality in the strategy for COVID-19 infection control

Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: Nov. 3, 2020

Abstract The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a new zoonotic agent that emerged in December 2019, causes disease 2019 (COVID-19). This infection can be spread by asymptomatic, presymptomatic, and symptomatic carriers. SARS-CoV-2 spreads primarily via droplets during close person-to-person contact closed space, especially building. article summarizes the environmental factors involved transmission, including strategy to prevent transmission building environment. persist on surfaces of fomites for at least 3 days depending conditions. If is aerosolized intentionally, it stable several hours. inactivated rapidly with sunlight. Close-contact aerosol through smaller particles likely combined confined, crowded, poorly ventilated indoor environment, as suggested some cluster cases. Although evidence effect limited uncertainty remains, adequate preventive measures control quality are required, based precautionary approach, because COVID-19 has caused serious global damages public health, community, social economy. expert panel Japan focused “3 Cs,” namely, “closed spaces poor ventilation,” “crowded many people,” “close contact.” In addition, Ministry Health, Labour Welfare been recommending ventilation all accordance existing standards Law Maintenance Sanitation Buildings one initial political actions COVID-19. However, specific have not recommended scientific uncertainties remain regarding dynamics mode spaces. Further research evaluation required role control, ventilation.

Language: Английский

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Mechanistic theory predicts the effects of temperature and humidity on inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 and other enveloped viruses

eLife, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: April 27, 2021

Ambient temperature and humidity strongly affect inactivation rates of enveloped viruses, but a mechanistic, quantitative theory these effects has been elusive. We measure the stability SARS-CoV-2 on an inert surface at nine conditions develop mechanistic model to explain predict how alter virus inactivation. find survives longest low temperatures extreme relative humidities (RH); median estimated half-life is >24 hr 10°C 40% RH, ∼1.5 27°C 65% RH. Our uses fundamental chemistry why rate increases with increased shows U-shaped dependence The accurately predicts existing measurements five different human coronaviruses, suggesting that shared mechanisms may for many viruses. results indicate scenarios high transmission risk, point mitigation strategies, advance study transmission.

Language: Английский

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The influence of temperature, humidity, and simulated sunlight on the infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 in aerosols

Aerosol Science and Technology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 55(2), P. 142 - 153

Published: Oct. 5, 2020

Recent evidence suggests that respiratory aerosols may play a role in the spread of SARS-CoV-2 during ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Our laboratory has previously demonstrated simulated sunlight inactivated and on surfaces. In present study, we extend these findings to include persistence across range temperature, humidity, levels using an environmentally controlled rotating drum aerosol chamber. The results demonstrate sunlight, humidity are all significant factors influencing infectious aerosols, but temperature have greater influence decay than conditions tested. time needed for 90% decrease virus ranged from 4.8 min at 40 °C, 20% relative high intensity representative noon clear day summer solstice 4°N latitude, two hours under those expected indoors or night. These suggest naturally occurring be affected by environmental conditions, aerosolized could remain extended periods some conditions. study provides comprehensive dataset parameters survival can utilized, along with data viral shedding infected individuals inhalational dose, inform future modeling risk assessment efforts.

Language: Английский

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The role of disinfectants and sanitizers during COVID-19 pandemic: advantages and deleterious effects on humans and the environment

Environmental Science and Pollution Research, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 28(26), P. 34211 - 34228

Published: May 15, 2021

Language: Английский

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