Allelic variation and duplication of the dmrt1 were associated with sex chromosome turnover in three representative Scatophagidae fish species

Communications Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: April 17, 2025

Fish species of the family Scatophagidae possessing known candidate sex-determining genes (male-specific dmrt1Ys), offer suitable models for studying sex chromosome evolution. Here, we analyzed turnover events in three representative fish Scatophagidae, belonging to genera Scatophagus and Selenotoca, which diverged 12.8 million years ago (Mya). Prior divergence Sc. argus tetracanthus 7.2 Mya, their dmrt1Y was differentiated from its locus, truncated dmrt1ΔX, through allelic variation. The Y (Chr1) is result fusion original (Chr4) with an autosome (Chr13). Se. multifasciata arose a duplication dmrt1 on Chr4 then translocated new (Chr18). divergent evolutionary trajectories dmrt1Ys were accompanied by these species. chromosomes have evolved rapidly, albeit not randomly.

Language: Английский

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Sex Differences in the Lacrimal Gland: Implications for Dry Eye Disease

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(8), P. 3833 - 3833

Published: April 18, 2025

Sexual dimorphism significantly impacts the lacrimal gland’s structure, function, and ageing processes, playing an important role in dry eye disease (DED) pathophysiology. This multifactorial disorder, characterised by tear film instability, inflammation, visual impairment, disproportionately affects women, especially after menopause. It highlights interplay between sex steroid hormones, gland environmental factors. Systemic local androgens are vital for maintaining health production, while of oestrogens remains less clear. Evidence suggests dose context-dependent effects on inflammation glandular function. Histopathological molecular studies reveal significant differences gland, with women exhibiting more pronounced age-related degenerative changes, including fibrosis acinar atrophy, contributing to their increased susceptibility DED. Despite these findings, underlying mechanisms connecting receptor expression, tissue regulation disparities remain poorly understood, highlighting need further research. review synthesises current knowledge sex-specific emphasising importance integrating systemic biomarkers, histological data, insights into personalised therapeutic strategies. By tailoring treatments patients’ unique hormonal profiles, medicine has potential transform DED management, addressing unmet clinical needs improving outcomes.

Language: Английский

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Evolution of sex‐biased genes in Drosophila species with neo‐sex chromosomes: Potential contribution to reducing the sexual conflict

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(7)

Published: July 1, 2024

An advantage of sex chromosomes may be the potential to reduce sexual conflict because they provide a basis for selection operate separately on females and males. However, evaluating relationship between is challenging owing difficulty in measuring substantial divergence species with without chromosomes. We therefore examined sex-biased gene expression as proxy three sets

Language: Английский

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