Exploring the Gut Microbiota: Key Insights into Its Role in Obesity, Metabolic Syndrome, and Type 2 Diabetes DOI Creative Commons
Sabitha Sasidharan Pillai, Charles A. Gagnon, Christy Foster

et al.

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 109(11), P. 2709 - 2719

Published: July 23, 2024

Abstract The gut microbiota (GM), comprising trillions of microorganisms in the gastrointestinal tract, is a key player development obesity and related metabolic disorders, such as type 2 diabetes (T2D), syndrome (MS), cardiovascular diseases. This mini-review delves into intricate roles mechanisms GM these conditions, offering insights potential therapeutic strategies targeting microbiota. review elucidates diversity human GM, highlighting its pivotal functions host physiology, including nutrient absorption, immune regulation, energy metabolism. Studies show that dysbiosis linked to increased extraction, altered pathways, inflammation, contributing obesity, MS, T2D. interplay between dietary habits composition explored, underscoring influence diet on microbial functions. Additionally, addresses impact common medications interventions like fecal transplantation composition. evidence so far advocates for further research delineate modulation mitigating diseases, emphasizing necessity clinical trials establish effective sustainable treatment protocols.

Language: Английский

Establishing or Exaggerating Causality for the Gut Microbiome: Lessons from Human Microbiota-Associated Rodents DOI Creative Commons
Jens Walter, Anissa M. Armet, B. Brett Finlay

et al.

Cell, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 180(2), P. 221 - 232

Published: Jan. 1, 2020

Language: Английский

Citations

426
The Healthy Microbiome—What Is the Definition of a Healthy Gut Microbiome? DOI
Fergus Shanahan, Tarini Shankar Ghosh, Paul W. O’Toole

et al.

Gastroenterology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 160(2), P. 483 - 494

Published: Nov. 27, 2020

Language: Английский

Citations

273
Human milk oligosaccharides: Shaping the infant gut microbiota and supporting health DOI Creative Commons
Clodagh Walsh, Jonathan A. Lane, Douwe van Sinderen

et al.

Journal of Functional Foods, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 72, P. 104074 - 104074

Published: July 3, 2020

Human milk oligosaccharides (HMO) are complex sugars which found in breast at significant concentrations and with unique structural diversity. These the fourth most abundant component of human after water, lipids, lactose yet provide no direct nutritional value to infant. Recent research has highlighted that HMOs have various functional roles play infant development. act as prebiotics by promoting growth beneficial intestinal bacteria thereby generating short-chain fatty acids critical for gut health. also directly modulate host-epithelial immune responses can selectively reduce binding pathogenic viruses epithelium preventing emergence a disease. This review covers current knowledge related biology their associated impact on

Language: Английский

Citations

256
A predictive index for health status using species-level gut microbiome profiling DOI Creative Commons
Vinod K. Gupta, Minsuk Kim, Utpal Bakshi

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Sept. 15, 2020

Abstract Providing insight into one’s health status from a gut microbiome sample is an important clinical goal in current human research. Herein, we introduce the Gut Microbiome Health Index (GMHI), biologically-interpretable mathematical formula for predicting likelihood of disease independent diagnosis. GMHI formulated upon 50 microbial species associated with healthy ecosystems. These are identified through multi-study, integrative analysis on 4347 stool metagenomes 34 published studies across and 12 different nonhealthy conditions, i.e., or abnormal bodyweight. When demonstrated our population-scale meta-dataset, most robust consistent predictor presence (or absence) compared to α-diversity indices. Validation 679 samples 9 additional results balanced accuracy 73.7% distinguishing non-healthy groups. Our findings suggest that taxonomic signatures can predict status, highlight how data sharing efforts provide broadly applicable discoveries.

Language: Английский

Citations

227
The food-gut axis: lactic acid bacteria and their link to food, the gut microbiome and human health DOI Creative Commons
Francesca De Filippis, Edoardo Pasolli, Danilo Ercolini

et al.

FEMS Microbiology Reviews, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 44(4), P. 454 - 489

Published: May 20, 2020

ABSTRACT Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are present in foods, the environment and animal gut, although fermented foods (FFs) recognized as primary niche of LAB activity. Several strains have been studied for their health-promoting properties employed probiotics. FFs potential beneficial effects, which we review this article. They also an important source LAB, ingested daily upon FF consumption. In review, describe diversity occurrence food well gut microbiome. We discuss opportunities to study functional by considering availability both genomic metagenomic data public repositories, different latest computational tools analysis. addition, role probiotics reporting prevalence key features genomes surveying outcomes use clinical trials involving human subjects. Finally, highlight need further studies aimed at improving our knowledge link between LAB-fermented from perspective health promotion.

Language: Английский

Citations

214
Healthy Human Gastrointestinal Microbiome: Composition and Function After a Decade of Exploration DOI
Wenly Ruan, Melinda A. Engevik, Jennifer K. Spinler

et al.

Digestive Diseases and Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 65(3), P. 695 - 705

Published: Feb. 18, 2020

Language: Английский

Citations

172
Harnessing the microbiome to prevent global biodiversity loss DOI Open Access
Raquel S. Peixoto, Christian R. Voolstra, Michael Sweet

et al.

Nature Microbiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 7(11), P. 1726 - 1735

Published: July 21, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

171
The Effects of Nutrition on the Gastrointestinal Microbiome of Cats and Dogs: Impact on Health and Disease DOI Creative Commons
Susan M. Wernimont,

Jennifer Radosevich,

Matthew I. Jackson

et al.

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: June 25, 2020

The gastrointestinal (GI) microbiome of cats and dogs is increasingly recognized as a metabolically active organ inextricably linked to pet health. Food serves substrate for the GI plays significant role in defining composition metabolism microbiome. microbiome, turn, facilitates host's nutrient digestion production postbiotics, which are bacterially derived compounds that can influence Consequently, owners have shaping through food they choose provide. Yet, clear understanding impact these choices on thus overall health pet, lacking. Pet foods formulated contain typical nutritional building blocks carbohydrates, proteins, fats, but include microbiome-targeted ingredients, such prebiotics probiotics. Each categories, well their relative proportions food, affect and/or function Accumulating evidence suggests dietary components may not only disease, also allergies, oral health, weight management, diabetes, kidney disease changes Until recently, focus research was characterize alterations states, while less effort has been devoted how nutrition by modifying function. This review summarizes examines impacting host variety states. Understanding modulate reveal new avenues enhancing resilience dogs.

Language: Английский

Citations

153
Nutritional Status and the Influence of the Vegan Diet on the Gut Microbiota and Human Health DOI Creative Commons
Hercules Sakkas, Petros Bozidis,

Christos Touzios

et al.

Medicina, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 56(2), P. 88 - 88

Published: Feb. 22, 2020

The human gut microbiota is considered a well-known complex ecosystem composed of distinct microbial populations, playing significant role in most aspects health and wellness. Several factors such as infant transitions, dietary habits, age, consumption probiotics prebiotics, use antibiotics, intestinal comorbidities, even metabolic diseases may continously alter diversity function. study vegan diet–microbiota interactions rapidly evolving field, since plenty research has been focused on the potential effects plant-based patterns microbiota. It reported that well-planned diets their associated components affect both bacterial composition pathways Certain benefits with medical disorders but also limitations (including nutritional deficiencies) have documented. Although diet be inadequate calorific value, it rich fiber, polyphenols, antioxidant vitamins. aim present was to provide an update existing knowledge status influence food health.

Language: Английский

Citations

152
Rethinking healthy eating in light of the gut microbiome DOI Creative Commons
Anissa M. Armet, Edward C. Deehan, A. O'Sullivan

et al.

Cell Host & Microbe, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 30(6), P. 764 - 785

Published: June 1, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

150