Phylogenomics and the rise of the angiosperms

Nature, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 629(8013), P. 843 - 850

Published: April 24, 2024

Angiosperms are the cornerstone of most terrestrial ecosystems and human livelihoods

Language: Английский

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The planetary role of seagrass conservation

Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 377(6606), P. 609 - 613

Published: Aug. 4, 2022

Seagrasses are remarkable plants that have adapted to live in a marine environment. They form extensive meadows found globally bioengineer their local environments and preserve the coastal seascape. With increasing realization of planetary emergency we face, there is growing interest using seagrasses as nature-based solution for greenhouse gas mitigation. However, seagrass sensitivity stressors acute, many places, risk loss degradation persists. If ecological state remains compromised, then ability contribute solutions climate biodiversity crisis doubt. We examine major role play how rethinking conservation critical understanding part fighting our emergency.

Language: Английский

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Phylogenomics and the flowering plant tree of life

Journal of Integrative Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 65(2), P. 299 - 323

Published: Nov. 23, 2022

Abstract The advances accelerated by next‐generation sequencing and long‐read technologies continue to provide an impetus for plant phylogenetic study. In the past decade, a large number of studies adopting hundreds thousands genes across wealth clades have emerged ushered phylogenetics evolution into new era. meantime, roadmap researchers when making decisions different approaches their phylogenomic research design is imminent. This review focuses on utility genomic data (from organelle genomes, both reduced representation whole‐genome sequencing) in evolutionary investigations, describes baseline methodology experimental analytical procedures, summarizes recent progress flowering phylogenomics at ordinal, familial, tribal, lower levels. We also discuss challenges, such as adverse impact orthology inference reconstruction raised from systematic errors, underlying biological factors, duplication, hybridization/introgression, incomplete lineage sorting, together suggesting that bifurcating tree may not be best model life. Finally, we promising avenues future studies.

Language: Английский

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Seagrass genomes reveal ancient polyploidy and adaptations to the marine environment

Nature Plants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(2), P. 240 - 255

Published: Jan. 26, 2024

Language: Английский

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The CAM lineages of planet Earth

Annals of Botany, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 132(4), P. 627 - 654

Published: Sept. 12, 2023

Abstract Background and Scope The growth of experimental studies crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) in diverse plant clades, coupled with recent advances molecular systematics, presents an opportunity to re-assess the phylogenetic distribution diversity species capable CAM. It has been more than two decades since last comprehensive lists CAM taxa were published, updated survey occurrence is needed facilitate guide future research. We aimed these taxa, their morphology, physiology ecology, likely number evolutionary origins based on currently known lineages. Results Conclusions found direct evidence (in form or field observations gas exchange, day–night fluctuations organic acids, carbon isotope ratios enzymatic activity) for 370 genera vascular plants, representing 38 families. Further assumptions about frequency clades Cactaceae Crassulaceae bring estimated CAM-capable nearly 7 % all plants. suggests a minimum 66 independent possibly dozens more. To achieve further insight into origins, there need extensive systematic surveys previously unstudied lineages, particularly living material identify low-level activity, denser sampling increase resolution CAM-evolving clades. This should allow progress understanding functional significance this pathway by integration evolution genomics its many forms.

Language: Английский

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Flavonoids and anthocyanins in seagrasses: implications for climate change adaptation and resilience

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Jan. 28, 2025

Seagrasses are a paraphyletic group of marine angiosperms and retain certain adaptations from the ancestors all embryophytes in transition to terrestrial environments. Among these is production flavonoids, versatile phenylpropanoid secondary metabolites that participate variety stress responses. Certain features, such as catalytic promiscuity metabolon interactions, allow flavonoid metabolism expand produce novel compounds respond stimuli. As environments expose seagrasses unique set stresses, plants display interesting profiles, functions which often not completely clear. Flavonoids will likely prove be effective agents combating new host conditions introduced by anthropogenic climate change, affects differently ones. These stresses include increased sulfate levels, changes salt concentration, herbivore distributions, ocean acidification, involve flavonoids response mechanisms, though role combatting change seldom discussed directly literature. can also used assess health seagrass meadows through an interplay between simple phenolic may useful monitoring change. Studies focusing on genetics limited for this group, but large chalcone synthase gene families some species provide topic research. Anthocyanins typically studied separately other flavonoids. The phenomenon reddening focuses importance anthocyanins UV-screening mechanism, while cold less often. Both would adaptation change-induced deviations tidal patterns emersion. However, warming lead decrease anthocyanin content, impact performance intertidal seagrasses. This review highlights angiosperm adaptation, examines research seagrasses, hypothesizes organisms under

Language: Английский

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Ocean current patterns drive the worldwide colonization of eelgrass (Zostera marina)

Nature Plants, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(8), P. 1207 - 1220

Published: July 20, 2023

Currents are unique drivers of oceanic phylogeography and thus determine the distribution marine coastal species, along with past glaciations sea-level changes. Here we reconstruct worldwide colonization history eelgrass (Zostera marina L.), most widely distributed flowering plant or seagrass from its origin in Northwest Pacific, based on nuclear chloroplast genomes. We identified two divergent Pacific clades evidence for admixture East coast. Two west-to-east (trans-Pacific) events support key role North Current. Time-calibrated phylogenies yielded concordant estimates arrival Z. Atlantic through Canadian Arctic, suggesting that eelgrass-based ecosystems, hotspots biodiversity carbon sequestration, have only been present there ~243 ky (thousand years). Mediterranean populations were founded ~44 kya, while extant distributions western eastern shores at end Last Glacial Maximum (~19 kya), least one major refuge being Carolina region. The recent five- to sevenfold lower genomic diversity compared raises concern opportunity about how might respond rapidly warming oceans.

Language: Английский

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Nuclear phylogenomics of angiosperms and insights into their relationships and evolution

Journal of Integrative Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 66(3), P. 546 - 578

Published: Jan. 30, 2024

Angiosperms (flowering plants) are by far the most diverse land plant group with over 300,000 species. The sudden appearance of angiosperms in fossil record was referred to Darwin as "abominable mystery," hence contributing heightened interest angiosperm evolution. display wide ranges morphological, physiological, and ecological characters, some which have probably influenced their species richness. evolutionary analyses these characteristics help address questions diversification require well resolved phylogeny. Following great successes phylogenetic using plastid sequences, dozens thousands nuclear genes from next-generation sequencing been used phylogenomic analyses, providing phylogenies new insights into evolution angiosperms. In this review we focus on recent large clades, orders, families, subdivisions families provide a summarized Nuclear Phylogenetic Tree Angiosperm Families. newly established relationships highlighted compared previous results. sequenced genomes Amborella, Nymphaea, Chloranthus, Ceratophyllum, monocots, Magnoliids, basal eudicots, facilitated phylogenomics among five major clades. All but one 64 orders were included except placements several orders. Most robust highly supported placements, especially for within important families. Additionally, examine divergence time estimation biogeographic basis frameworks discuss differences analyses. Furthermore, implications ancestral reconstruction characters groups, limitations current studies, taxa that future attention.

Language: Английский

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Phylogenomic resolution of order- and family-level monocot relationships using 602 single-copy nuclear genes and 1375 BUSCO genes

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Nov. 22, 2022

We assess relationships among 192 species in all 12 monocot orders and 72 of 77 families, using 602 conserved single-copy (CSC) genes 1375 benchmarking ortholog (BUSCO) extracted from genomic transcriptomic datasets. Phylogenomic inferences based on these data, both coalescent-based supermatrix analyses, are largely congruent with the most comprehensive plastome-based analysis, nuclear-gene phylogenomic analyses less taxon sampling. The strongest discordance between plastome nuclear gene is monophyly a clade comprising Asparagales Liliales our versus placement as successive sister clades to commelinids tree. Within orders, around six families shifted positions relative recent but four involve poorly supported inferred In Poales, data place Ecdeiocoleaceae+Joinvilleaceae grasses (Poaceae); Typhaceae, (rather than Bromeliaceae) resolved other Poales. Commelinales, Philydraceae rather Haemodoraceae+Pontederiaceae seen Liliales, Liliaceae Smilacaceae, Melanthiaceae placed except Campynemataceae. Finally, Alismatales, strongly Tofieldiaceae, Araceae, providing an alternative resolution what has been problematic node resolve plastid outside those involving achlorophyllous mycoheterotrophs. As numerous prior studies, Acorales Alismatales lineages extant monocots. Only 21.2% BUSCO were demonstrably single-copy, yet CSC did not differ, overall functional annotations two sets very similar. Our also reveal significant tree-species tree despite high support values, expected given incomplete lineage sorting (ILS) related rapid diversification. study advances understanding robustness phylogenetic large numbers that can be obtained transcriptomes genomes.

Language: Английский

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A risk assessment on Zostera chilensis, the last relict of marine angiosperms in the South-East Pacific Ocean, due to the development of the desalination industry in Chile

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 883, P. 163538 - 163538

Published: April 24, 2023

Seagrasses, which are considered among the most ecologically valuable and endangered coastal ecosystems, have a narrowly limited distribution in south-east Pacific, where Zostera chilensis is only remaining relict. Due to water scarcity, desalination industry has grown last decades central-north coasts of Chile, may be relevant address terms potential impacts on benthic communities due their associated high-salinity brine discharges subtidal ecosystems. In this work, we assessed ecophysiological cellular responses desalination-extrapolable hypersalinity conditions Z. chilensis. Mesocosms experiments were performed for 10 days, plants exposed 3 different salinity treatments: 34 psu (control), 37 40 psu. Photosynthetic performance, H2O2 accumulation, ascorbate content (reduced oxidized) measured, as well relative gene expression enzymes related osmotic regulation oxidative stress; these, at 1, 3, 6 days. showed decrease photosynthetic parameters such electron transport rate (ETRmax) saturation irradiance (EkETR) under treatments, while non-photochemical quenching (NPQmax) presented an initial increment subsequent decline levels increased with hypersalinity, dehydroascorbate psu, although decreased along experimental period. Increased salinities also triggered genes ion osmolyte syntheses, but salinity-dependent up-regulated mostly those reactive oxygen species metabolism. The relict seagrass shown withstand that extrapolable effects short-term. As latter not fully clear long-term, considering restricted ecological importance, direct meadows recommended.

Language: Английский

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