Metabolic imaging in living plants: A promising field for chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) MRI DOI Creative Commons
Simon Mayer, Hardy Rolletschek, Volodymyr Radchuk

et al.

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(38)

Published: Sept. 18, 2024

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a versatile technique in the biomedical field, but its application to study of plant metabolism vivo remains challenging because magnetic susceptibility problems. In this study, we report establishment chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) for MRI. This method enables noninvasive access sugars and amino acids complex sink organs (seeds, fruits, taproots, tubers) major crops (maize, barley, pea, potato, sugar beet, sugarcane). Because high signal detection sensitivity low field inhomogeneities, CEST analyzes heterogeneous botanical samples inaccessible conventional spectroscopy. The approach provides unprecedented insight into dynamics distribution intact, living tissue. validated by shift imaging, infrared microscopy, chromatography, mass spectrometry. promising tool studying vivo, with many applications science crop improvement.

Language: Английский

Cytokinin: From autoclaved DNA to two-component signaling DOI
Cristiana T. Argueso, Joseph J. Kieber

The Plant Cell, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36(5), P. 1429 - 1450

Published: Jan. 2, 2024

Abstract Since its first identification in the 1950s as a regulator of cell division, cytokinin has been linked to many physiological processes plants, spanning growth and development various responses environment. Studies from last two one-half decades have revealed pathways underlying biosynthesis metabolism elucidated mechanisms perception signaling, which reflects an ancient signaling system evolved two-component elements bacteria. Mutants genes encoding involved these helped refine our understanding functions plants. Further, recent advances provided insight into intracellular long-distance transport several proteins that operate downstream signaling. Here, we review through historical lens, providing overview metabolism, transport, higher

Language: Английский

Citations

18
Spatially distributed cytokinins: Metabolism, signaling, and transport DOI Creative Commons
Jiangzhe Zhao, Jingqi Wang, Jie Liu

et al.

Plant Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(7), P. 100936 - 100936

Published: April 30, 2024

Cytokinins are mobile phytohormones that regulate plant growth, development, and environmental adaptability. The major cytokinin species include isopentenyl adenine (iP), trans-zeatin (tZ), cis-zeatin (cZ), dihydrozeatin (DZ). spatial distributions of different in organelles, cells, tissues, organs primarily shaped by biosynthesis via isopentenyltransferases (IPT), cytochrome P450 monooxygenase, 5'-ribonucleotide phosphohydrolase conjugation or catabolism glycosyltransferase oxidase/dehydrogenase. bind to histidine receptor kinases the endoplasmic reticulum plasma membrane relay signals response regulators nucleus shuttle proteins known as phosphotransfer proteins. movements cytokinins from sites signal perception usually require long-distance, intercellular, intracellular transport. In past decade, ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, purine permeases (PUP), AZA-GUANINE RESISTANT (AZG) equilibrative nucleoside transporters (ENT), Sugars Will Eventually Be Exported (SWEET) have been characterized involved transport processes. This review begins introducing various subcellular localizations their metabolism signaling. Highlights focus on an inventory compartmentalization, including transport, regulation cues. Future directions for research also discussed.

Language: Английский

Citations

14
Structure, evolution, and roles of SWEET proteins in growth and stress responses in plants DOI
Yongxing Zhu, Ye Tian, Shuo Han

et al.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 263, P. 130441 - 130441

Published: Feb. 28, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

13
Genetic Basis of Grain Size and Weight in Rice, Wheat, and Barley DOI Open Access
Sebastian Gasparis,

Michał Miłosz Miłoszewski

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(23), P. 16921 - 16921

Published: Nov. 29, 2023

Grain size is a key component of grain yield in cereals. It complex quantitative trait controlled by multiple genes. determined via several factors different plant development stages, beginning with early tillering, spikelet formation, and assimilates accumulation during the pre-anthesis phase, up to filling maturation. Understanding genetic molecular mechanisms that control prerequisite for improving potential. The last decade has brought significant progress genomic studies control. Several genes underlying weight were identified characterized rice, which model cereal crops. A function analysis revealed most are involved cell signaling pathways, including phytohormone signaling, transcriptional regulation, ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, other physiological processes. Compared background important crops, such as wheat barley, remains largely unexplored. However, high level conservation structure sequences between closely related crops should facilitate identification functional orthologs species. This review provides comprehensive overview bases wheat, focusing on latest discoveries field. We also present possibly updated list experimentally validated have strong effect discuss their function.

Language: Английский

Citations

18
Deletion of the sugar importer gene OsSWEET1b accelerates sugar starvation-promoted leaf senescence in rice DOI Creative Commons
Dan Chen, Yarui Shi,

Peng Zhang

et al.

PLANT PHYSIOLOGY, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 195(3), P. 2176 - 2194

Published: March 1, 2024

Leaf senescence is a combined response of plant cells stimulated by internal and external signals. Sugars acting as signaling molecules or energy metabolites can influence the progression leaf senescence. Both sugar starvation accumulation promote with diverse mechanisms that are reported in different species. Will Eventually be Exported Transporters (SWEETs) proposed to play essential roles transport, but whether they have corresponding mechanism unclear. Here, we functionally characterized transporter, OsSWEET1b, which transports promotes rice (Oryza sativa L.). OsSWEET1b could import glucose galactose when heterologously expressed Xenopus oocytes translocate from extracellular apoplast into intracellular cytosol rice. Loss function decreased leaves. ossweet1b mutants showed accelerated under natural dark-induced conditions. Exogenous application complemented defect deletion-promoted Moreover, senescence-activated transcription factor OsWRKY53, transcriptional repressor, genetically functions upstream suppress its expression. OsWRKY53-overexpressing plants had attenuated accumulation, exhibiting similar phenotype mutants. Our findings demonstrate OsWRKY53 downregulates impair influx transport activity, leading compromised leaves where

Language: Английский

Citations

7
From acidity to sweetness: a comprehensive review of carbon accumulation in grape berries DOI Creative Commons
Lizhen Lu, Serge Delrot,

Zhenchang Liang

et al.

Molecular Horticulture, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 4(1)

Published: June 5, 2024

Abstract Most of the carbon found in fruits at harvest is imported by phloem. Imported provide material needed for accumulation sugars, organic acids, secondary compounds, addition to synthesis cell walls. The sugars during fruit development influences not only sweetness but also various parameters controlling composition (fruit “quality”). acids and sugar grape berry flesh cells a key process ripening. present review presents an update research on development, anatomical structure, acid metabolism, transporters, regulatory factors.

Language: Английский

Citations

7
Brown planthoppers manipulate rice sugar transporters to benefit their own feeding DOI

Lingyuan Yu,

Yumeng Chen, Xuan Zeng

et al.

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34(13), P. 2990 - 2996.e4

Published: June 12, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Sugar loading of crop seeds – a partnership of phloem, plasmodesmal and membrane transport DOI Creative Commons
Joseph L. Pegler, Christopher P. L. Grof, John W. Patrick

et al.

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 239(5), P. 1584 - 1602

Published: June 12, 2023

Summary Sugar loading of developing seeds comprises a cohort transport events that contribute to reproductive success and seed yield. Understanding these is most advanced for grain crops (Brassicaceae, Fabaceae Gramineae) Arabidopsis. For species, 75–80% their final biomass derived from phloem‐imported sucrose. consecutively traverses three genomically distinct, symplasmically isolated, domains: maternal pericarp/seed coat, filial endosperm embryo. Sink status each domain co‐ordinately transitions growth storage. The latter dominated by embryos (Brassicaceae Fabaceae) or endosperms (Gramineae). Intradomain sugar occurs through plasmodesmata. Interdomain relies on plasma‐membrane transporters operating in efflux (maternal endosperm) influx (endosperm embryo) modes. Discussed substantial progress made identifying, functionally evaluating, symporters (STPs, SUTs SUCs) uniporters (SWEETs). These findings have underpinned mechanistic understanding loading. Less well researched are possible physical limitations imposed hydraulic conductivities differentiating protophloem subsequent plasmodesmal transport. coupled with homeostasis within mediated transporters. A similar conclusion ascribed fragmentary regulatory mechanisms integrating

Language: Английский

Citations

11
Genome-wide identification of ZmMYC2 binding sites and target genes in maize DOI Creative Commons
Lijun Liu, Yuhan Zhang, Chen Tang

et al.

BMC Genomics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: April 23, 2024

Abstract Background Jasmonate (JA) is the important phytohormone to regulate plant growth and adaption stress signals. MYC2, an bHLH transcription factor, master regulator of JA signaling. Although MYC2 in maize has been identified, its function remains be clarified. Results To understand regulatory mechanism maize, joint analysis DAP-seq RNA-seq conducted identify binding sites target genes ZmMYC2. A total 3183 are detected both data, potentially as directly regulating These involved various biological processes including response. Besides classic cis -elements like G-box E-box that bound by some new motifs also revealed recognized ZmMYC2, such nGCATGCAnn, AAAAAAAA, CACGTGCGTGCG. The many ZmMYC2 identified IGV-sRNA. Conclusions All together, abundant characterized with their sites, providing basis construct network better understanding for signaling maize.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Sugar import mediated by sugar transporters and cell wall invertases for seed development in Camellia oleifera DOI Creative Commons

Bingshuai Du,

Yibo Cao,

Jing Zhou

et al.

Horticulture Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(7)

Published: May 10, 2024

Abstract Seed development and yield depend on the transport supply of sugar. However, an insufficient nutrients from maternal tissues to embryos results in seed abortion reduction Camellia oleifera. In this study, we systematically examined route regulatory mechanisms sugar import into developing C. oleifera seeds using a combination histological observations, transcriptome profiling, functional analysis. Labelling with tracer carboxyfluorescein revealed symplasmic integument apoplasmic for postphloem at maternal–filial interface. Enzymatic activity observation showed that early stages [180–220 days after pollination (DAP)] embryo differentiation, high hexose/sucrose ratio was primarily mediated by acid invertases, micropylar endosperm/suspensor provides channel import. Through genomic identified three plasma membrane-localized proteins including CoSWEET1b, CoSWEET15, CoSUT2 one tonoplast-localized protein CoSWEET2a verified their ability various sugars via transformation yeast mutants calli. situ hybridization profiling glycometabolism-related enzymes further demonstrated CoSWEET15 functions as endosperm-specific gene, together cell wall invertase CoCWIN9, support development, while CoSWEET2a, function transfer cells chalazal nucellus coupled CoCWIN9 CoCWIN11 responsible entry bulk filial tissue. Collectively, our findings provide first comprehensive evidence molecular regulation within new target manipulating development.

Language: Английский

Citations

4