Phytomelatonin: an unexpected molecule with amazing performances in plants

Journal of Experimental Botany, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 73(17), P. 5779 - 5800

Published: Jan. 12, 2022

Phytomelatonin, a multifunctional molecule that has been found to be present in all plants examined date, an important role as modulatory agent (a biostimulator) improves plant tolerance both biotic and abiotic stress. We review of phytomelatonin considers its roles metabolism particular interactions with hormone network. In the primary plants, melatonin rate efficiency photosynthesis, well related factors such stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2, Rubisco activity. It also shown down-regulate some senescence transcription factors. Melatonin up-regulates many enzyme transcripts carbohydrates (including sucrose starch), amino acids, lipid metabolism, optimizing N, P, S uptake. With respect secondary clear increases polyphenol, glucosinolate, terpenoid, alkaloid contents have described numerous melatonin-treated plants. Generally, most genes these biosynthesis pathways up-regulated by melatonin. The great regulatory capacity is result control redox networks. acts master regulator, up-/down-regulating different levels signalling, key player homeostasis. counteract diverse critical situations pathogen infections stresses, provide varying degrees tolerance. propose possible future applications for crop improvement post-harvest product preservation.

Language: Английский

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Phytomelatonin: A key regulator of redox and phytohormones signaling against biotic/abiotic stresses

Redox Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 64, P. 102805 - 102805

Published: June 30, 2023

Plants being sessile in nature, are exposed to unwarranted threats as a result of constantly changing environmental conditions. These adverse factors can have negative impacts on their growth, development, and yield. Hormones key signaling molecules enabling cells respond rapidly different external internal stimuli. In plants, melatonin (MT) plays critical role the integration various signals activation stress-response networks develop defense mechanisms plant resilience. Additionally, tackle stress-induced alteration cellular redox equilibrium by regulating expression hemostasis-related genes proteins. The purpose this article is compile summarize scientific research pertaining MT's effects plants' resilience biotic abiotic stresses. Here, we summarized that MT exerts synergistic effect with other phytohormones, for instance, ethylene, jasmonic acid, salicylic activates defense-related against phytopathogens. Furthermore, interacts secondary messengers like Ca2+, nitric oxide, reactive oxygen species regulate network. This interaction triggers transcription alleviate stress-related responses plants. Hence, synergic diverse hormones demonstrates phytomelatonin's importance influencing multiple contribute harsh factors.

Language: Английский

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Melatonin: Discovery, Biosynthesis, Phytohormones Crosstalk, and Roles in Agricultural Crops under Abiotic Stress Conditions

Environmental and Experimental Botany, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 226, P. 105942 - 105942

Published: Aug. 13, 2024

Language: Английский

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Phytomelatonin as a central molecule in plant disease resistance

Journal of Experimental Botany, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 73(17), P. 5874 - 5885

Published: March 11, 2022

Melatonin is an essential phytohormone in the regulation of many plant processes, including during development and response to stress. Pathogen infections cause serious damage plants reduce agricultural production. Recent studies indicate that melatonin plays important roles alleviating bacterial, fungal, viral diseases post-harvest fruits. Herein, we summarize information related effects on disease resistance. Melatonin, reactive oxygen species, nitrogen species form a complex loop plant-pathogen interaction regulate Moreover, crosstalk with other phytohormones salicylic acid, jasmonic auxin, abscisic acid further activates defense genes. role not only immunity but also pathogenicity. We known processes by which mediates pathogenicity via negatively regulating expression levels genes cell viability as well virulence-related The multiple mechanisms underlying influences both support recognition nature interactions, highlighting phytomelatonin critical molecule immune responses.

Language: Английский

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Function, Mechanism, and Application of Plant Melatonin: An Update with a Focus on the Cereal Crop, Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(4), P. 634 - 634

Published: March 25, 2022

Melatonin is a multiple-function molecule that was first identified in animals and later plants. Plant melatonin regulates versatile processes involved plant growth development, including seed germination, root architecture, flowering time, leaf senescence, fruit ripening, biomass production. Published reviews on have been focused two model plants: (1) Arabidopsis (2) rice, which the natural contents are quite low. Efforts to integrate function mechanism of determine how benefits human health also lacking. Barley unique cereal crop used for food, feed, malt. In this study, bioinformatics analysis identify genes required barley biosynthesis performed, after effects exogenous development were reviewed. Three integrated mechanisms cells found: serving as an antioxidant, modulating hormone crosstalk, (3) signaling through putative receptor. Reliable approaches characterizing biosynthetic modulate grains discussed. The present paper should be helpful improvement production under hostile environments reduction pesticide fungicide usage cultivation. This study beneficial enhancement nutritional values healthcare functions food industry.

Language: Английский

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Melatonin as a Possible Natural Anti-Viral Compound in Plant Biocontrol

Plants, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(4), P. 781 - 781

Published: Feb. 9, 2023

Melatonin is a multifunctional and ubiquitous molecule. In animals, melatonin hormone that involved in wide range of physiological activities also an excellent antioxidant. plants, it has been considered master regulator multiple processes as well hormonal homeostasis. Likewise, known for its role protective biomolecule activator tolerance resistance against biotic abiotic stress plants. Since infections by pathogens such bacteria, fungi viruses crops result large economic losses, interest aroused determining whether plays relevant plant defense systems general, particular. Currently, several strategies have applied to combat infection pathogens, one them the use eco-friendly chemical compounds induce systemic resistance. Few studies addressed biocontrol agent diseases caused viruses. Exogenous treatments used reduce incidence virus diseases, reducing symptoms, titer, even eradicating proliferation Tobacco Mosaic Virus, Apple Stem Grooving Rice Stripe Virus Alfalfa tomato, apple, rice eggplant, respectively. The possibilities using possible natural are discussed.

Language: Английский

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The role of phytomelatonin receptor 1-mediated signaling in plant growth and stress response

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: March 10, 2023

Phytomelatonin is a pleiotropic signaling molecule that regulates plant growth, development, and stress response. In cells, phytomelatonin synthesized from tryptophan via several consecutive steps are catalyzed by decarboxylase (TDC), tryptamine 5-hydroxylase (T5H), serotonin N -acyltransferase (SNAT), -acetylserotonin methyltransferase (ASMT) and/or caffeic acid-3- O -methyltransferase (COMT). Recently, the identification of receptor PMTR1 in Arabidopsis has been considered turning point research, with function signal emerging as receptor-based regulatory strategy. addition, homologs have identified species found to regulate seed germination seedling stomatal closure, leaf senescence, responses. this article, we review recent evidence our understanding PMTR1-mediated pathways under environmental stimuli. Based on structural comparison melatonin 1 (MT1) human homologs, propose similarity three-dimensional structure receptors probably represents convergent evolution recognition different species.

Language: Английский

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Phytomelatonin: From Intracellular Signaling to Global Horticulture Market

Journal of Pineal Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 76(5)

Published: July 19, 2024

ABSTRACT Melatonin ( N ‐acetyl‐5‐methoxytryptamine), a well‐known mammalian hormone, has been having great relevance in the Plant World recent years. Many of its physiological actions plants are leading to possible features agronomic interest, especially those related improvements tolerance stressors and postharvest life fruits vegetables. Thus, through exogenous application melatonin or by modifying endogenous biosynthesis phytomelatonin, some change can be made functional levels tissues their responses. Also, acting respective phytomelatonin enzymes, regulating expression tryptophan decarboxylase TDC ), tryptamine 5‐hydroxylase T5H serotonin ‐acetyltransferase SNAT ‐acetylserotonin O ‐methyltransferase ASMT caffeic acid COMT recently action deacetylases on intermediates offers promising opportunities for improving vegetables marketability. Other regulators/effectors such as different transcription factors, protein kinases, phosphatases, miRNAs, protein–protein interactions, gasotransmitters nitric oxide hydrogen sulfide were also considered an exhaustive vision. interesting aspects role autophagic responses, posttranslational reprogramming protein‐phosphorylation, ubiquitylation, SUMOylation, PARylation, persulfidation, nitrosylation described phytomelatonin‐mediated responses discussed, including relationship several plant hormones, chilling injury fungal decay alleviating. The current data about receptor (CAND2/PMTR1), effect UV‐B light cold storage damage presented discussed. All this focus new preservation quality

Language: Английский

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Have All of the Phytohormonal Properties of Melatonin Been Verified?

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(6), P. 3550 - 3550

Published: March 21, 2024

Melatonin is a ubiquitous regulator in plants and performs variety of physiological roles, including resistance to abiotic stress, regulation growth development, enhancement plant immunity. exhibits the characteristics phytohormone with its pleiotropic effects, biosynthesis, conjugation, catabolism, effective concentration, shape location dose-response curves. In addition, CAND2/PMTR1, phytomelatonin receptor candidate belonging G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), supports concept melatonin as phytohormone. However, biochemistry needs be further characterized. particular, some experimental findings date cannot explained by known GPCR signaling mechanisms, so studies are needed explore possibility novel mechanisms.

Language: Английский

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Maize PHYTOMELATONIN RECEPTOR1 functions in plant tolerance to osmotic and drought stress

Journal of Experimental Botany, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 73(17), P. 5961 - 5973

Published: Dec. 17, 2021

Phytomelatonin is a universal signal molecule that regulates plant growth and stress responses; however, only one receptor can directly bind with perceive melatonin signaling has been identified so far, namely AtPMTR1/CAND2 in Arabidopsis. Whether other plants contain similar and, if so, how it functions still unknown. In this study, we new phytomelatonin the monocot maize (Zea mays), investigated its role responses to osmotic drought stress. Using homology searching, plasma membrane-localized protein, Zm00001eb214610/ZmPMTR1, strong binding activity as potential maize. Overexpressing ZmPMTR1 Arabidopsis Col-0 promoted tolerance, rescued sensitivity of cand2-1 mutant. Furthermore, also largely defects melatonin-induced stomatal closure mutant, thereby reducing water loss rate increasing tolerance addition, mutant ZmPMTR1, EMS4-06e2fl, point-mutation causing premature termination protein translation, found had lower leaf temperatures, increased loss, enhanced sensitivity. Thus, present first be examined plant, our results indicate plays an important function response

Language: Английский

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