ACS ES&T Air,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
2(1), P. 49 - 63
Published: Dec. 17, 2024
Commercial
HVAC
systems
intended
to
mitigate
indoor
air
pollution
are
operated
based
on
standards
that
exclude
aerosols
with
smaller
diameters,
such
as
ultrafine
particles
(UFPs,
Dp
≤
100
nm),
which
dominate
a
large
proportion
of
and
outdoor
number-based
particle
size
distributions.
UFPs
generated
from
occupant
activities
or
infiltrating
the
outdoors
can
be
recirculated
accumulate
indoors
when
they
not
successfully
filtered
by
an
handling
unit.
Monitoring
in
real
occupied
environments
is
vital
understanding
these
source
mitigation
dynamics,
but
capturing
their
rapid
transience
across
multiple
locations
challenging
due
high-cost
instrumentation.
This
9-month
field
measurement
campaign
pairs
four
medium-cost
diffusion
charger
sensors
volumetric
airflow
rates
modulated
monitored
cloud-based
building
automation
system
open-plan
living
laboratory
office
dedicated
unit
evaluate
spatiotemporal
number
surface
area
concentrations
migration
trends.
Particle
flux
reveal
estimated
daily
median
8
×
1013
enter
outdoors.
Switching
MERV14
HEPA
filter
reduces
supplied
room
tens
trillions
daily,
increasing
filtration
efficiency
40%
96%.
These
results
demonstrate
efficacy
optimal
unit's
performance
improve
quality,
while
highlighting
UFP
dynamics
accounted
for
current
nor
occupant-centered
control.
Scalable
sensor
development
popularize
monitoring
allow
future
integration
within
control
platforms.
The
framework
established
this
used
fluxes
considering
different
analytes.
Science Advances,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
10(18)
Published: May 3, 2024
Gas
and
propane
stoves
emit
nitrogen
dioxide
(NO
2
)
pollution
indoors,
but
the
exposures
of
different
U.S.
demographic
groups
are
unknown.
We
estimate
NO
exposure
health
consequences
using
emissions
concentration
measurements
from
>100
homes,
a
room-specific
indoor
air
quality
model,
epidemiological
risk
parameters,
statistical
sampling
housing
characteristics
occupant
behavior.
increase
long-term
4.0
parts
per
billion
volume
on
average
across
United
States,
75%
World
Health
Organization’s
guideline.
This
increased
likely
causes
~50,000
cases
current
pediatric
asthma
alone.
Short-term
typical
gas
stove
use
frequently
exceeds
both
Organization
Environmental
Protection
Agency
benchmarks.
People
living
in
residences
<800
ft
size
incur
four
times
more
than
people
>3000
size;
American
Indian/Alaska
Native
Black
Hispanic/Latino
households
60
20%
exposure,
respectively,
national
average.
Cell Reports Sustainability,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
1(5), P. 100103 - 100103
Published: May 1, 2024
Urban
air
undergoes
transformations
as
it
is
actively
circulated
throughout
buildings
via
ventilation
systems.
However,
the
influence
of
exchange
between
outdoor
and
indoor
atmospheres
on
urban
pollution
not
well
understood.
Here,
we
quantify
how
behave
a
dynamic
source
sink
for
pollutants
high-resolution
online
mass
spectrometry
measurements.
During
our
field
campaign
in
high-performance
office
building,
observed
that
building
continually
released
volatile
organic
compounds
(VOCs)
into
removed
ozone
fine
particulate
matter.
VOC
emissions
from
people,
their
activities,
surface
reservoirs
result
significant
discharge
to
outdoors.
Per
unit
area,
VOCs
are
comparable
traffic,
industrial,
biogenic
emissions.
The
source-sink
behavior
changed
dynamically
with
occupancy
conditions.
Our
results
demonstrate
can
directly
quality
due
substantial
outdoor-indoor
exchange.
Deleted Journal,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
2(1)
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
Gas
stoves
are
prevalent
in
residences
worldwide
as
they
both
reliable
and
economical.
However,
there
is
a
growing
body
of
evidence
that
indicates
emit
significant
levels
indoor
air
pollutants,
including
nitrogen
dioxide
(NO
2
),
carbon
monoxide
(CO),
volatile
organic
compounds
(VOCs)
such
formaldehyde,
particulate
matter
(PM),
which
pose
serious
health
risks.
Studies
demonstrate
hourly
average
NO
concentrations
kitchens
can
exceed
200
μg/m
3
,
surpassing
the
World
Health
Organization
(WHO)
quality
guidelines.
Similarly,
CO
reach
above
34
mg/m
potentially
exceeding
WHO
guidelines
for
35
over
1
hour.
VOCs
PM
add
to
pollution
burden,
with
formaldehyde
ranging
from
0.18
0.45
reaching
86
during
gas
oven
use.
These
emissions
may
exacerbate
respiratory
diseases,
asthma,
cardiovascular
neurological
issues.
This
review
consolidates
scientific
literature
on
impacts
these
stove
pollutants
discusses
mitigation
strategies
effectively
reduce
exposure.
Environmental Science & Technology Letters,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
12(2), P. 175 - 182
Published: Feb. 3, 2025
Scented
wax
melts
are
being
popularized
as
a
safer,
nontoxic
alternative
to
traditional
candles
and
incense
for
indoor
aromatherapy.
We
performed
field
measurements
in
residential
test
house
investigate
atmospheric
nanoparticle
formation
from
scented
melt
use.
employed
high-resolution
particle
size
magnifier-scanning
mobility
sizer
(PSMPS)
proton
transfer
reaction
time-of-flight
mass
spectrometer
(PTR-TOF-MS)
real-time
monitoring
of
distributions
terpene
mixing
ratios,
respectively.
Our
findings
reveal
that
terpenes
released
react
with
ozone
(O3)
initiate
new
(NPF)
events,
resulting
significant
concentrations
(>106
cm–3)
comparable
those
emitted
by
combustion-based
candles,
gas
stoves,
diesel
engines,
natural
engines.
show
melt-initiated
NPF
events
can
result
respiratory
exposures,
tract
deposited
dose
rates
similar
determined
sources.
results
challenge
the
perception
safer
aromatherapy,
highlighting
need
further
research
on
toxicological
properties
newly
formed
nanoparticles
better
understand
their
environmental
health
implications.
Atmosphere,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
16(3), P. 309 - 309
Published: March 7, 2025
Indoor
air
quality
(IAQ)
impacts
human
health,
productivity,
and
well-being.
As
buildings
become
more
energy-efficient
tightly
sealed,
the
need
for
effective
ventilation
systems
that
maintain
adequate
IAQ
grows.
Energy
Recovery
Ventilators
(ERVs)
ensure
by
bringing
fresh
outdoor
indoors
while
minimizing
costly
energy
wastage.
ERVs
provide
major
economic,
well-being
benefits
are
a
critical
technology
in
fight
against
climate
change.
However,
little
is
known
about
impact
of
ERV
operation
on
generation
fate
particulate
gaseous
indoor
pollutants,
including
toxic,
carcinogenic,
allergenic,
infectious
pollutants.
Specifically,
pollutant
crossover,
aerosol
deposition
within
ERVs,
chemical
identity
composition
aerosols
volatile
organic
compounds
emitted
themselves
accumulated
pollutants
them,
effects
bioaerosols
must
be
investigated.
To
fill
these
research
gaps,
both
field
laboratory-based
experimental
closely
mimics
real-life
conditions
controlled
environment
needed
to
explore
aspects
ERVs’
pollution.
Filling
gaps
identified
herein
urgently
alert
inform
industry
how
optimize
help
prevent
recirculation
from
enhance
their
function
removal
residential
commercial
buildings.
Addressing
knowledge
related
design
will
enable
evidence-based
recommendations
generate
valuable
insights
engineers,
policymakers,
heating,
conditioning
(HVAC)
professionals
create
healthier
environments.
ACS ES&T Air,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
1(10), P. 1276 - 1293
Published: Sept. 24, 2024
Scented
volatile
chemical
products
(sVCPs)
are
frequently
used
indoors.
We
conducted
field
measurements
in
a
residential
building
to
investigate
new
particle
formation
(NPF)
from
sVCP
emissions.
State-of-the-art
instrumentation
was
for
real-time
monitoring
of
indoor
atmospheric
nanocluster
aerosol
(NCA;
1-3
nm
particles)
size
distributions
and
terpene
mixing
ratios.
integrated
our
NCA
with
comprehensive
material
balance
model
analyze
sVCP-nucleated
dynamics.
Our
results
reveal
that
sVCPs
significantly
increase
ratios
(10-1,000
ppb),
exceeding
those
outdoor
forested
environments.
The
emitted
terpenes
react
O
