Background
and
Hypothesis.
Neurocognitive
impairment
is
a
core
feature
of
schizophrenia
spectrum
disorders
(SSDs),
the
relationship
between
cognition
symptoms
in
SSDs
widely
researched.
The
most
well-replicated
finding
an
association
episodic
memory
negative
symptoms;
however,
aspects
that
underpin
this
have
yet
to
be
specified.Study
Design.
We
use
iterative
Constrained
Principal
Component
Analysis
(iCPCA)
explore
at
level
individual
items
while
minimizing
risk
Type
I
errors.
ICPCA
was
conducted
on
sample
SSD
patients
early
stages
psychiatric
treatment
(n
=
206)
determine
components
overlapping
with
measured
by
Scale
for
Assessment
Negative
Symptoms
(SANS)
Positive
(SAPS).Results.
found
verbal
component
associated
from
both
SANS
SAPS
related
disorganized
impoverished
communication,
language
thought
(including
positive
formal
disorder).
In
contrast,
working
motor
system
impoverishment.
Both
were
social/clinical
inattentiveness.Conclusions.
allows
finer-grained
analysis
illness
responsible
overlap
symptoms,
made
possible
analyzing
instead
symptom
summary
scores.
These
results
suggest
systems
different
symptomatology,
implying
distinct
brain
networks
underpinning
these
relationships.
Science Advances,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
10(24)
Published: June 12, 2024
Schizophrenia
lacks
a
clear
definition
at
the
neuroanatomical
level,
capturing
sites
of
origin
and
progress
this
disorder.
Using
network-theory
approach
called
epicenter
mapping
on
cross-sectional
magnetic
resonance
imaging
from
1124
individuals
with
schizophrenia,
we
identified
most
likely
"source
origin"
structural
pathology.
Our
results
suggest
that
Broca's
area
adjacent
frontoinsular
cortex
may
be
epicenters
pathophysiology
in
schizophrenia.
These
can
predict
an
individual's
response
to
treatment
for
psychosis.
In
addition,
cross-diagnostic
similarities
based
over
4000
diagnosed
neurological,
neurodevelopmental,
or
psychiatric
disorders
appear
limited.
When
present,
these
are
restricted
bipolar
disorder,
major
depressive
obsessive-compulsive
We
provide
comprehensive
framework
linking
schizophrenia-specific
multiple
levels
neurobiology,
including
cognitive
processes,
neurotransmitter
receptors
transporters,
human
brain
gene
expression.
Epicenter
reliable
tool
identifying
potential
onset
neural
Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
49(4), P. E252 - E262
Published: Aug. 9, 2024
Psychosis
involves
a
distortion
of
thought
content,
which
is
partly
reflected
in
anomalous
ways
words
are
semantically
connected
into
utterances
speech.
We
sought
to
explore
how
these
linguistic
anomalies
realized
through
putative
circuit-level
abnormalities
the
brain's
semantic
network.
Using
computational
large-language
model,
Bidirectional
Encoder
Representations
from
Transformers
(BERT),
we
quantified
contextual
expectedness
given
word
sequence
(perplexity)
across
180
samples
obtained
descriptions
3
pictures
by
patients
with
first-episode
schizophrenia
(FES)
and
controls
matched
for
age,
parental
social
status,
sex,
scanned
7
T
ultra-high
field
functional
magnetic
resonance
imaging
(fMRI).
Subsequently,
perplexity
was
used
parametrize
spectral
dynamic
causal
model
(DCM)
effective
connectivity
within
(intrinsic)
between
(extrinsic)
4
key
regions
network
at
rest,
namely
anterior
temporal
lobe,
inferior
frontal
gyrus
(IFG),
posterior
middle
(MTG),
angular
gyrus.
included
60
participants,
including
30
FES
controls.
observed
higher
group,
indicating
that
speech
less
predictable
preceding
context
among
patients.
Results
Bayesian
comparisons
showed
DCM
group
interaction
best
explained
underlying
patterns
neural
activity.
an
increase
self-inhibitory
IFG,
as
well
reduced
tone
pMTG,
group.
An
IFG
correlated
strongly
positively
inter-regional
excitation
MTG,
while
self-inhibition
MTG
negatively
this
interregional
excitation.
Our
design
did
not
address
during
tasks
selectively
activated
network,
could
corroborate
findings
resting-state
fMRI
study.
Furthermore,
do
present
replication
study,
would
ideally
use
different
language.
As
explanation
peculiar
psychosis,
results
index
shift
excitatory-inhibitory
balance
regulating
information
flow
confined
2
were
previously
linked
specifically
executive
control
meaning.
Based
on
our
approach
combining
large
language
estimates,
propose
loss
potential
neurocognitive
mechanism
contributing
disorganization
psychosis.
Schizophrenia,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
10(1)
Published: March 15, 2024
Schizophrenia
is
a
mental
health
disorder
characterized
by
functional
dysconnectivity.
Eigenvector
centrality
mapping
(ECM)
has
been
employed
to
investigate
alterations
in
connectivity
schizophrenia,
yet
the
results
lack
consistency,
and
genetic
mechanisms
underlying
these
changes
remain
unclear.
In
this
study,
whole-brain
voxel-wise
ECM
analyses
were
conducted
on
resting-state
magnetic
resonance
imaging
data.
A
cohort
of
91
patients
with
schizophrenia
matched
healthy
controls
included
during
discovery
stage.
Additionally,
replication
stage,
153
individuals
182
participated.
Subsequently,
comprehensive
analysis
was
performed
using
an
independent
transcriptional
database
derived
from
six
postmortem
adult
brains
explore
potential
factors
influencing
observed
dysconnectivity,
roles
identified
genes
neural
processes
pathways.
The
revealed
significant
reliable
across
multiple
brain
regions
schizophrenia.
Specifically,
there
decrease
bilateral
superior
middle
temporal
gyrus,
increase
thalamus
both
stages.
Furthermore,
420
whose
expression
patterns
related
ECM,
enriched
mainly
biological
associated
synaptic
signaling
transmission.
Together,
study
enhances
our
knowledge
pathways
involved
shedding
light
that
may
be
linked
dysconnectivity
disorder.
Molecular Psychiatry,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: April 11, 2025
Abstract
Formal
thought
disorder
(FTD)
is
a
complex
syndrome
affecting
language
and
processes
in
psychotic
affective
disorders.
Clustering
(i.e.,
identification
of
data-driven
clinical
subtypes)
establishes
latent
(sub-)
structures
into
psychopathological
syndromes.
A
profile
analysis
(LPA)
FTD
symptoms
was
conducted
1
032
patients
diagnosed
with
Schizophrenia-Spectrum-Disorders
(n
=
107),
Major
Depressive
800),
Bipolar
Disorder
125).
Clusters
were
compared
for
cognition
psychopathology.
Associations
gray
matter
volume
(GMV)
cortical
surface
(gyrification,
complexity,
sucal
depth)
explored
using
T1-weighted
MRI
data,
analyzed
CAT12.
Robustness-analyses
an
age-
sex-matched
subsample
321)
the
same
n
each
diagnosis
107)
applied.
LPA
revealed
4
transdiagnostic
clusters:
minimal
FTD,
poverty
,
inhibition
severe
that
remained
stable
separately.
Patients
exhibiting
to
showed
GMV
reductions
right
superior
middle
frontal
gyri.
Inhibition
reduction
inferior
temporal
gyri,
fusiform
gyrus
FTD.
Sulcal
depth
reduced
around
left
insula,
sulcus
pole
cluster,
bilateral
insula
both
cluster.
No
results
thickness,
gyrification,
complexity
found.
Results
from
total
sample
could
be
replicated
matched
subsample.
Our
unravel
heterogeneity
psychopathology
across
clusters
neuroanatomical
substrates
imply
language-related
brain
being
involved
impairment.
Behavioural Brain Research,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 115596 - 115596
Published: April 1, 2025
Dysfunctional
sequencing
of
behaviour
and
cognition
is
observed
in
schizophrenia
across
multiple
domains,
including
during
communication.
We
examined
whether
maternal
immune
activation
(MIA),
a
risk
factor
for
schizophrenia,
disrupted
the
sequential
organization
ultrasonic
vocalizations
(USVs)
rat
model.
analysed
structure
bursts
50-kHz
USVs
(bouts)
two
independent
datasets
(paired-rat:
19
control,
18
MIA;
reward
paradigm:
20
MIA),
using
Damerau-Levenshtein
analysis
with
k-fold
cross-validation
procedure.
MIA
animals
showed
greater
variability
their
bout
sequences
both
datasets,
lower
Levenshtein
similarity
index
(LSI)
scores
compared
to
control
animals.
Notably,
set
median
were
more
similar
than
own
group's
sequences,
suggesting
breakdown
organization.
Additionally,
we
found
an
alteration
USV
transitional
preferences
context.
While
sequence
was
altered,
basic
call
production
call-type
distribution
remained
largely
intact
groups.
These
findings
demonstrate
that
specifically
appears
affect
vocal
at
level,
while
preserving
vocalization
patterns.
This
work
extends
our
understanding
effects
infection
pregnancy,
how
this
can
lead
altered
communication
are
relevant
risk.
Schizophrenia Research,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
270, P. 220 - 228
Published: June 26, 2024
Neurocognitive
impairment
is
a
core
feature
of
schizophrenia
spectrum
disorders
(SSDs),
and
the
relationship
between
cognition
symptoms
in
SSDs
has
been
widely
researched.
Negative
are
related
to
wide
range
cognitive
impairments;
however,
aspects
negative
that
underpin
this
have
yet
be
specified.
