Fourteen New, Endemic Species of Shrew (Genus Crocidura) from Sulawesi Reveal a Spectacular Island Radiation

Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 454(1)

Published: Dec. 14, 2021

After nearly a decade of field inventories in which we preserved voucher specimens the small terrestrial mammals Sulawesi, combined qualitative and quantitative analyses morphological traits with molecular phylogenetics to better understand diversity shrews (Soricidae: Crocidura) on island. We examined morphology 1368 obtained extensive data from many them, including mitochondrial DNA sequences 851 specimens, up five nuclear exons 657 thousands ultraconserved elements 90 specimens. By iteratively testing species limits using distinct character datasets appropriate taxon sampling, found clear, mostly consistent evidence for existence 21 only seven were previously recognized. divide these into morphogroups, provide emended diagnoses named species, describe 14 new species. The Long-Tailed Group contains Crocidura caudipilosa, C. elongata, microelongata, quasielongata, species; Rhoditis rhoditis, pseudorhoditis, australis, pallida, Small-Bodied lea, levicula, baletei, mediocris, parva, tenebrosa, Thick-Tailed brevicauda, caudicrassa, Ordinary musseri, nigripes, normalis, ordinaria, solita, Documenting endemic reveals local radiation (20 are members an clade) elevational gradients played prominent role either promoting speciation, or at minimum, fostering cooccurrence phenotypically similar As now understood, species-level Sulawesi is three times known any other insular shrew fauna. This study highlights fact that if wish true extent biodiversity Earth, large-scale, vouchered organismal followed thorough examinations genetic, morphological, geographic sorely needed montane tropical regions, even purportedly well-studied groups such as mammals.

Language: Английский

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Paleoenvironments shaped the exchange of terrestrial vertebrates across Wallace’s Line

Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 381(6653), P. 86 - 92

Published: July 6, 2023

Faunal turnover in Indo-Australia across Wallace's Line is one of the most recognizable patterns biogeography and has catalyzed debate about role evolutionary geoclimatic history biotic interchanges. Here, analysis more than 20,000 vertebrate species with a model geoclimate biological diversification shows that broad precipitation tolerance dispersal ability were key for exchange deep-time gradient spanning region. Sundanian (Southeast Asian) lineages evolved climate similar to humid "stepping stones" Wallacea, facilitating colonization Sahulian (Australian) continental shelf. By contrast, predominantly drier conditions, hampering establishment Sunda shaping faunal distinctiveness. We demonstrate how adaptation past environmental conditions shapes asymmetrical global biogeographic structure.

Language: Английский

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The complete mitochondrial genome of Crocidura rapax Allen, 1923 and its phylogenetic analyses

Mitochondrial DNA Part B, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 10(4), P. 288 - 291

Published: March 12, 2025

This study aimed to examine the complete mitogenome sequence of Crocidura rapax Allen, 1923 using polymerase chain reaction. The mitochondrial genome C. is a circular double-stranded structure with length 17,517 bp. included 13 protein-coding genes, one control region, 22 tRNA two rRNA and origin L-strand replication. confirmed phylogenetic position in genus at molecular level. significant importance for elucidating genetic background rapax.

Language: Английский

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Range-wide mitochondrial phylogeography of Sorex monticola: evolutionarily distinct clades occupy divergent abiotic niches

Journal of Mammalogy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 13, 2025

Abstract The Montane Shrew, Sorex monticola, is a common and wide-ranging mammal throughout western North America. Previous studies identified multiple mitochondrial lineages, but limited geographic sampling constrained our understanding of distributional limits, phylogeographic variation, biogeographic history. We used range-wide multi-model phylogenetic analyses to examine evaluate niche differentiation, test historical hypotheses. examined cytochrome b gene sequences from 462 individuals 277 localities across the distribution S. monticola related species, including first specimens Sierra Nevada (California, United States) Madre Occidental (Durango Chihuahua, Mexico). Estimated genealogical relationships, divergence times, delimitation approaches 3 well-supported, deeply divergent, geographically structured clades consistent with previous estimates (Coastal, Southern, Northern). was paraphyletic sonomae all species American water shrews. also minimal between Coastal 2 nominal pacificus bairdii, that are sympatric in Pacific Northwest. Demographic tests indicated some lineages represent stable isolated island montane populations, while others populations experienced demographic expansion since Last Glacial Maximum. Niche differentiation revealed each clade occupies distinctive environmental conditions, projections future conditions suggesting southern mountains may face extirpation associated warming climate aridification. This assessment genetic variation lays foundation for selecting samples key expanded genome-level investigations into evolutionary relationships taxonomic enabling hypotheses Pleistocene climatic drivers biotic diversification processes

Language: Английский

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Mitogenomic analysis of Thai Sunda pangolins reveals regional phylogeography and informs conservation management

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: April 23, 2025

Abstract Pangolins are considered the most trafficked mammals in world with all eight species listed on CITES Appendix I. Despite this pervasive threat to their survival, there remains a limited understanding of genetic diversity and connectivity among populations Asian pangolin species, hampering effective conservation management. We analysed mitogenome sequences Sunda ( Manis javanica ) from across Southeast Asia continental distribution, as well Borneo. Phylogenetic reconstruction revealed six lineages, clear separation north south Kangar-Pattani biogeographic line southern Thailand, revealing differentiation between Sundaland Indochinese lineages. Further divergence an east–west divide was observed central northern extending northwards towards China. Our results provide new insights into evolutionary relationships Asia, building other recent research field helping establish species’ baseline phylogeography. These inferences will aid planning support traceability illegal trade.

Language: Английский

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Evolutionary history and patterns of divergence in three tropical east Asian squirrels across the Isthmus of Kra

Journal of Biogeography, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 50(6), P. 1090 - 1102

Published: March 17, 2023

Abstract Aim Understanding the biotic and abiotic mechanisms underlying generation maintenance of biogeographic transitions represent long‐standing topics in evolutionary biology. The Isthmus Kra (IOK) divides Sundaland Indochina constitutes a poorly characterized terrestrial transition. Here we looked at population genetic structure three species that are distributed across IOK to gain insights into drivers have shaped this transition regional diversification patterns. Location Tropical east Asia: Indochina. Taxa Callosciurus caniceps , Tamiops mcclellandii Dremomys rufigenis‐ornatus complex (Mammalia: Rodentia: Sciuridae). Methods We generated complete mitogenomes sequences 11 nuclear intron fragments from 61 67 museum specimen samples, respectively. assessed by constructing Maximum Likelihood mitogenome phylogenies (IQTREE2), marker haplowebs conspecificity matrices (HaplowebMaker CoMa). estimated divergence dates through Bayesian phylogenetic inference (BEAST2) put these results context climatic geological history. Results High levels mitochondrial were identified all squirrels. Lineage turnover was consistent with two major mammal distribution near Kangar‐Pattani Line juncture between Thai‐Malay peninsula mainland. Divergence lineages late Pliocene/ early Pleistocene for taxa. Older Miocene/Pliocene divergences within D. T. which paraphyletic. Main Conclusions Sundaic Indochinese populations possibly diverged allopatric habitat refugia or around mountains during periods increased aridity evergreen forest contraction. Ecological differences and/or topography might influenced differentiation rainforest expansion. Alternative hypotheses remain be tested more informative markers additional geographic sampling.

Language: Английский

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Lost in synonymy: Integrative species delimitation reveals two unrecognized species of Southern Asian tree squirrels (Rodentia: Sciuridae: Callosciurinae)

Vertebrate Zoology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 74, P. 683 - 707

Published: Oct. 28, 2024

Abstract We present a comprehensive integrative taxonomic review of Callosciurus caniceps and Tamiops mcclellandii as they are currently defined. This combines published molecular evidence, craniodental morphometrics, pelage bacular variation, evaluations potential hybrid zones using museum specimens citizen science photographs, and, for C. , bioacoustic evidence. Our findings lead to the recognition two species that had been lost in synonymy highlight future perspectives on delimitation Sciuridae. By comparing phenotypic differentiation across climatic vegetation transitions contextualizing our results with evolutionary history study systems, we provide insights into distribution, ecogeographical patterns, speciation drivers Southeast Asian vertebrates.

Language: Английский

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Phylogeography of Aplocheilus panchax in Indonesia, with special focus on the Bangka Island population

Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(4)

Published: April 14, 2022

Abstract. Mustikasari D, Nuryanto A, Suryaningsih S. 2022. Phylogeography of Aplocheilus panchax in Indonesia, with special focus on the Bangka Island population. Biodiversitas 23: 2035-2046. Previous studies divided Blue panchax, into three different clades, namely West (W), Central (C), and East (E) clades. populations from Indonesia belong to However, that study did not include blue samples pits harsh conditions Island, Indonesia. Therefore, this aimed assess phylogeography a population using cytochrome c oxidase 1 (COI) gene. The results showed genetic distance within was less than 2%, while distances between other were ranged 103.87% 122.10%. There also clear gap populations, minimum 101.94%. Furthermore, seventy-nine sequences analyzed resulted 28 haplotypes variability 0.221 for nucleotide diversity (p), 0.923 Haplotype (Hd), 68.028 Fu’s Fs-test, 2.00 (P < 0.02) Fu Li’s D-test, 2.365 F-test; 1.927 Tajima's D test (0.10 > P 0.05). established distinct clade Western Eastern (E), (C) Molecular data is novel global phylogeographic.

Language: Английский

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Taxonomic boundaries in Lesser Treeshrews (Scandentia, Tupaiidae: Tupaia minor)

Journal of Mammalogy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 103(6), P. 1431 - 1440

Published: Aug. 24, 2022

Abstract The Lesser Treeshrew, Tupaia minorGünther, 1876, is a small mammal from Southeast Asia with four currently recognized subspecies: T. m. minor Borneo; malaccana the Malay Peninsula; humeralis Sumatra; and sincepis Singkep Island Lingga Island. A fifth subspecies, caedis, was previously synonymized minor; it thought to occur in northern Borneo on nearby islands of Banggi Balambangan. These subspecies were originally differentiated based pelage color, plastic feature that has proven be an unreliable indicator taxonomic boundaries treeshrews other mammals. To explore infraspecific variation among populations across Peninsula, Borneo, Sumatra, smaller islands, we conducted multivariate analyses morphometric data collected hands skulls museum specimens. Principal component discriminant function reveal limited differentiation manus skull proportions different islands. We find no support for recognition allopatric caedis as separate Borneo.

Language: Английский

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Range‐wide phylogeographic structure of the endangered Irrawaddy dolphin (Orcaella brevirostris) using expanded sampling from contemporary and historical specimens

Marine Mammal Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 40(4)

Published: July 29, 2024

Abstract The Irrawaddy dolphin ( Orcaella brevirostris ) is an endangered cetacean that ranges throughout much of Southeast Asia and lives in coastal, estuarine, riverine habitats including three river systems: Ayeyarwady, Mekong, Mahakam. Many populations face risks from human interference, but overall rangewide diversity connectivity not well‐understood. Here we sequenced 77 complete mitogenomes across the range all obligate populations; eighteen these were historical museum specimens. Phylogenetic analysis showed haplotypes each population formed separate clades nested within wider species implying system was separately invaded only once. All dated to a last common ancestor ~764 kya. Most lineages appeared after inundation cycles Sunda Shelf initiated ~400 Despite lack monophyly among many same population, no shared any haplotypes. Rangewide nucleotide average compared other odontocetes, especially low. Differentiation significant analyzed with most divergence occurring between isolated populations. These analyses add more evidence for necessity conservation efforts directed towards dolphin.

Language: Английский

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