How microbes can, and cannot, be used to assess soil health

Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 153, P. 108111 - 108111

Published: Dec. 13, 2020

Language: Английский

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Disruption of Firmicutes and Actinobacteria abundance in tomato rhizosphere causes the incidence of bacterial wilt disease

The ISME Journal, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 330 - 347

Published: Oct. 7, 2020

Enrichment of protective microbiota in the rhizosphere facilitates disease suppression. However, how disruption rhizobacteria affects suppression is largely unknown. Here, we analyzed microbial community a healthy and diseased tomato plant grown <30-cm apart greenhouse at three different locations South Korea. The abundance Gram-positive Actinobacteria Firmicutes phyla was lower soil (DRS) than (HRS) without changes causative Ralstonia solanacearum population. Artificial bacteria HRS using 500-μg/mL vancomycin increased bacterial wilt occurrence tomato. To identify HRS-specific plant-protective species, Brevibacterium frigoritolerans HRS1, Bacillus niacini HRS2, Solibacillus silvestris HRS3, luciferensis HRS4 were selected from among 326 heat-stable culturable isolates. These four strains did not directly antagonize R. but activated immunity. A synthetic comprising these displayed greater immune activation against extended protection by 4 more days comparison with each individual strain. Overall, our results demonstrate for first time that dysbiosis DRS promotes incidence disease.

Language: Английский

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The Pathobiome in Animal and Plant Diseases

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 34(11), P. 996 - 1008

Published: Sept. 12, 2019

Language: Английский

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Nutrient- and Dose-Dependent Microbiome-Mediated Protection against a Plant Pathogen

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 28(15), P. 2487 - 2492.e3

Published: July 26, 2018

Language: Английский

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Crop rotational diversity increases disease suppressive capacity of soil microbiomes

Ecosphere, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 9(5)

Published: May 1, 2018

Abstract Microbiomes can aid in the protection of hosts from infection and disease, but mechanisms underpinning these functions complex environmental systems remain unresolved. Soils contain microbiomes that influence plant performance, including their susceptibility to disease. For example, some soil microorganisms produce antimicrobial compounds suppress growth pathogens, which provide benefits for sustainable agricultural management. Evidence shows crop rotations increase fertility tend promote microbial diversity, it has been hypothesized enhance disease suppressive capacity, either through diversity impacting bacterial composition or increased abundance microorganisms. In this study, we used a long‐term field experiment test effects time (i.e., rotations) on capacity. We sampled seven treatments along gradient (from monoculture five species rotation) spring fallow (non‐crop) treatment examine bacteria are capable producing antifungal compounds. Crop significantly influenced community composition, where most diverse cropping with cover crops differed communities 1–3 treatments. While was about 4% lower rotation (corn–soybean–wheat + 2 crops) compared corn, functional group prnD gene more by 9% monocultures. addition, potential diminished The could be important than function our study. Identifying patterns ecosystem relationships insight into microbiome management, will require manipulating nutrients resources mediated diversity.

Language: Английский

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Biological control of plant diseases – What has been achieved and what is the direction?

Plant Pathology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 71(5), P. 1024 - 1047

Published: March 12, 2022

Abstract The global sustainability agenda is increasing the demand for reduction in inputs into agricultural production while maintaining profitable yield of quality products. Plant diseases are a major constraint both and product quality, but often tools their control ineffective or lacking. Biological using antagonistic microorganisms has long been subject research resulting wide range products that now available marketed specific territories around world. These preparations niche with narrow uses. effort intense to develop new biological agents (BCAs) obtain knowledge mechanisms underlying disease control. prospects promising. As minimum, BCAs supplement other sustainable management practices such as resistance, present opportunities controlling which approaches unavailable. We can realistically expect use crop ways will benefit environment. This review paper arose from webinar held by British Society Pathology part International Year Heath (IYPH2020), at many 300 participants posed discussed interesting questions. based on input panel members all included co‐authors this review.

Language: Английский

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Tailoring plant-associated microbial inoculants in agriculture: a roadmap for successful application

Journal of Experimental Botany, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 71(13), P. 3878 - 3901

Published: March 9, 2020

Abstract Plants are now recognized as metaorganisms which composed of a host plant associated with multitude microbes that provide the variety essential functions to adapt local environment. Recent research showed remarkable importance and range microbial partners for enhancing growth health plants. However, plant–microbe holobionts influenced by many different factors, generating complex interactive systems. In this review, we summarize insights from emerging field, highlighting factors contribute recruitment, selection, enrichment, dynamic interactions plant-associated microbiota. We then propose roadmap synthetic community application aim establishing sustainable agricultural systems use communities enhance productivity plants independently chemical fertilizers pesticides. Considering global warming climate change, suggest desert can serve suitable pool potentially beneficial maintain under abiotic stress conditions. Finally, framework advancing inoculants in agriculture.

Language: Английский

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The life of soils: Integrating the who and how of multifunctionality

Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 166, P. 108561 - 108561

Published: Jan. 18, 2022

Capturing the complexity of soil life for quality assessments is one most challenging paradoxes contemporary science. Soil biota perform a plethora processes that are fundamental to quality. As concept developed, so have attempts integrate biological measurements into monitoring schemes from field regional scale. To date, however, science has not yet succeeded provide flexible objective indicator methods assess multifunctionality, customised user's context. We present an integrative framework and elucidate who how multifunctionality. The encompasses current scientific understanding role in supporting many underly specified these relationships four functions (Carbon Climate Regulation, Water Regulation Purification, Nutrient Cycling, Disease Pest Regulation). identify challenges often encountered assessment discuss can be applied selection tool. conducted different contexts. objectives range mechanistic understanding, functional land management large spatial scale will practical logistical constraints method vary. Biological need move beyond quest one-size-fits-all minimum dataset, adopt more nuanced approach founded biology. stress attributes should considered isolation but alongside chemical physical attributes, as well environmental contextualisation. presented offers structure further quantify, understand communicate biology defining

Language: Английский

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The soil crisis: the need to treat as a global health problem and the pivotal role of microbes in prophylaxis and therapy

Microbial Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 769 - 797

Published: March 10, 2021

Summary Soil provides a multitude of services that are essential to healthily functioning biosphere and continuity the human race, such as feeding growing population sequestration carbon needed counteract global warming. Healthy soil availability is limiting parameter in provision number these services. As result anthropogenic abuses, natural warming‐promoted extreme weather events, Planet Earth currently experiencing an unprecedented crisis deterioration, desertification erosive loss increasingly prejudices it provides. Such pivotal Sustainability Development Goals formulated by United Nations. Immediate coordinated action on scale urgently required slow ultimately reverse healthy soils. Despite ‘dirt‐dust’, non‐vital appearance soil, highly dynamic living entity, whose life overwhelmingly microbial. The microbiota, which constitutes greatest reservoir donor microbial diversity Earth, acts vast bioreactor, mediating myriad chemical reactions turn biogeochemical cycles, recycle wastes, purify water, underpin other Fuelling belowground bioreactor aboveground plant photosynthetic surface captures solar energy, fixes inorganic CO 2 organic carbon, channels fixed energy into soil. In order muster effective response crisis, avoid further restore unhealthy soils, we need new coherent approach, namely deal with soils worldwide patients health care create (i) public system for development policies land use, conservation, restoration, recommendations prophylactic measures, monitoring identification problems (epidemiology), organizing responses, etc., (ii) healthcare charged care: promotion good practices, implementation prophylaxis institution therapies treatment restoration drylands. These systems be national but there also desperate international coordination. To enable effective, evidence‐based strategies will efforts systems, substantial investment wide‐ranging interdisciplinary research disease mandatory. This must lead level understanding soil:biota functionalities underlying key ecosystem enables formulation diagnosis‐prophylaxis‐therapy pathways sustainable protection different types resources climatic zones. conservation‐regenerative‐restorative measures complemented educative‐political‐economic‐legislative framework incentives encouraging knowledge, policy, economic others, laws promote adherence principles restorative management. And: all engaged improving health; everyone has duty ( https://www.bbc.co.uk/ideas/videos/why‐soil‐is‐one‐of‐the‐most‐amazing‐things‐on‐eart/p090cf64 ). Creative application microbes, microbiomes biotechnology central successful operation systems.

Language: Английский

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Global variation in soil carbon sequestration potential through improved cropland management

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 28(3), P. 1162 - 1177

Published: Nov. 2, 2021

Widespread adoption of improved cropland management measures is advocated to increase soil organic carbon (SOC) levels, thereby improving fertility and mitigating climate change. However, spatially explicit insight on impacts limited, which crucial for region-specific climate-smart practices. To overcome these limitations, we combined global meta-analytical results practices SOC sequestration with data current potential areas the measures. We included (a) fertilization practices, i.e., use fertilizer compared inorganic or no fertilizer, (b) tillage no-tillage relative high intermediate intensity tillage, (c) crop cover crops enhanced residue incorporation. show that estimated C varies between 0.44 0.68 Gt yr-1 , assuming maximum complementarity among all taken. A more realistic estimate, not complementarity, from 0.28 0.43 being lower end range 0.1-2 found in literature. One reason estimate limited availability manure has yet been recycled. Another area measures, considering their application limitations. large regional differences due yield gaps, applied. The highest regions low production, initial where livestock residues are only partially Supporting previous findings, highlight encourage both sequestration, it best focus agricultural soils gaps and/or values below levels may limit production.

Language: Английский

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