Preventive measures against HIV among Uganda’s youth: Strategies, implementation, and effectiveness

Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 103(44), P. e40317 - e40317

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

Preventing HIV among Uganda’s youth is a critical public health priority due to the high prevalence of HIV/AIDS and disproportionate burden new infections young people. This paper examines preventive measures implemented combat youth, focusing on strategies, implementation efforts, effectiveness interventions. Comprehensive sexuality education programs have been in schools communities provide people with accurate information transmission, prevention methods, reproductive health. Condom distribution promotion campaigns target sexually active while testing counseling services aim reach various settings, including facilities community outreaches. The strategies involves collaboration government agencies, NGOs, healthcare providers, educators, leaders. Efforts are made ensure that culturally appropriate, evidence-based, responsive needs Despite progress prevention, challenges persist, knowledge gaps, stigma, gender inequalities, socio-economic factors. Continuous monitoring evaluation essential assess impact interventions identify areas for improvement. Recommendations include increasing funding programs, strengthening policy frameworks, enhancing access youth-friendly services, integrating comprehensive into school curricula, fostering engagement. By addressing these recommendations, Uganda can strengthen its efforts reduce incidence population, ultimately contributing improved outcomes well-being.

Language: Английский

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Hematologic Support in HIV Patients: Blood Transfusion Strategies and Immunological Considerations

NEWPORT INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL AND APPLIED SCIENCES, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 3(3), P. 9 - 15

Published: Nov. 27, 2023

HIV infection presents multifaceted challenges, particularly in managing hematologic complications that significantly impact patient well-being and prognosis. Hematologic manifestations such as anemia, thrombocytopenia, coagulopathies are prevalent individuals living with HIV, necessitating meticulous attention specialized care. Among the array of interventions, blood transfusions play a pivotal role addressing these complications. However, complexities surrounding transfusion strategies context extend beyond mere support delve into intricate immunological considerations. This paper aims to elucidate nuanced landscape patients, focusing specifically on their implications. The review encompasses an in-depth analysis abnormalities commonly encountered exploring prevalence, etiology, clinical coagulopathies. Additionally, it examines indications, safety measures, challenges associated therapy this population. Furthermore, delineates interplay between milieu HIV-infected individuals. It explores immunomodulatory effects transfusions, potential immune activation, disease progression, while also concerns regarding alloimmunization modulation responses posttransfusion. By synthesizing current evidence insights, outcomes, controversies underscores need for optimized practices tailored unique patients highlights avenues future research advancements practice. In conclusion, serves comprehensive resource elucidating through providing foundation informed decision-making paving way enhanced care paradigms management HIV. Keywords: Support, Patients Blood Transfusion

Language: Английский

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Toward a cure – Advancing HIV/AIDs treatment modalities beyond antiretroviral therapy: A Review

Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 103(27), P. e38768 - e38768

Published: July 5, 2024

Antiretroviral therapy, also known as antiretroviral therapy (ART), has been at the forefront of ongoing battle against human immunodeficiency virus/acquired syndrome (HIV/AIDs). ART is effective, but it drawbacks such side effects, medication resistance, and difficulty getting access to treatment, which highlights urgent need for novel treatment approaches. This review explores complex field HIV/AIDS covering both established alternative modalities orthodox therapy. Numerous reliable databases were reviewed, including PubMed, Web Science, Scopus, Google Scholar. The results a thorough literature search revealed numerous therapeutic options, stem cell transplantation, immunotherapy, gene latency reversal agents, pharmaceutical vaccinations. While promise altering cellular resistance infection targeting HIV-positive cells, immunotherapy treatments seek strengthen immune system’s ability combat HIV. Latency agents offer promising method breaking viral making infected cells vulnerable system destruction or drugs. Furthermore, there potential improving responses HIV using medical stresses vital significance research innovation in hunt successful through examination recent developments lingering challenges. assessment notes that even though tremendous progress treating illness, still more work be done addressing current barriers investigating various options order achieve ultimate objective putting an end pandemic.

Language: Английский

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Utilization of immunological ratios in HIV: Implications for monitoring and therapeutic strategies

Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 103(9), P. e37354 - e37354

Published: March 1, 2024

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection remains a significant global health concern, necessitating ongoing research and innovation in the quest for improved disease management. Traditional markers monitoring HIV progression effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy have limitations capturing intricate immune responses inflammatory dynamics people with HIV. In recent years, concept inflammation ratios has gained prominence as valuable tool assessing understanding complex interplay between inflammation, function, this abstract, we provide an overview emerging field utilizing context its implications therapeutic strategies. These ratios, such CD4/CD8 ratio, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte monocyte-to-lymphocyte offer more comprehensive assessment individual's status state. By exploring clinical including their potential to predict complications guide personalized treatment approaches, publication sheds light on benefits incorporating into routine care. Furthermore, emphasize importance further refine our utility significance improving lives

Language: Английский

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Influence of cytokines on the recovery trajectory of HIV patients on antiretroviral therapy: A review

Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 104(1), P. e41222 - e41222

Published: Jan. 3, 2025

Cytokines, critical signaling molecules in the immune system, significantly influence pathophysiology of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection and effectiveness antiretroviral therapy (ART). Dysregulated cytokine production, characterized by elevated pro-inflammatory anti-inflammatory cytokines, plays a pivotal role chronic inflammation activation untreated HIV patients. ART initiation leads to changes levels, typically resulting decreased systemic inflammation, though extent persistence these vary among individuals. Despite successful viral suppression with ART, many patients experience persistent driven ongoing dysregulation. This inflammatory state is associated adverse clinical outcomes, including cardiovascular disease, neurocognitive impairment, non-AIDS-related cancers. Understanding specific profiles that contribute outcomes crucial for developing targeted therapeutic interventions improve long-term health. Cytokine modulation presents promising avenue enhancing recovery reducing on ART. Identifying patterns serve as biomarkers disease progression treatment response can help tailor individualized strategies. Future research should focus adjunctive therapies target activity mitigate residual thereby improving overall health quality life

Language: Английский

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Under-nutrition and its associated factors among adult second-line antiretroviral treatment users in Northern Ethiopia

BMC Public Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: Jan. 8, 2025

Despite advancements in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) treatment and care, undernutrition remains a significant concern, accelerating disease progression risk of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)-related deaths. The nutritional status second-line antiretroviral (SLART) users Ethiopia has not been thoroughly investigated. So, this study aimed to assess the HIV/AIDS patients who were on SLART its associated factors Northern Ethiopia. A retrospective cross-sectional was conducted 366 HIV-infected adults had for at least six months northern Clients documented Weight height therapy included. Data entered cleaned by using EpiDATA version 4.6.0.2 statistical analysis done STATA 17. Multiple imputation method applied manage variables having up 25% missing values R-Version 3.6.2 software. Binary logistic regression used with P < 0.05 as predictor final analysis. collected from February 01 April 30, 2021. magnitude among area 38.52% (95%CI: 33.65–43.64). Those populations also baseline 39.1% 34.11–44.15) during their transition SLART. being malnourished initiation fifteen times higher those undernourished start (AOR:15.099, 95%CI: 8.532, 26.720) reflecting high burden problem advanced courses care. proportion is high. During HIV therapy, client's overall health predicted prior condition. This highlights need comprehensive assessment, counseling, monitoring emphasis an early identification possible barriers improvement such conditions. Promoting consumption nutrient-dense local foods appropriate food preparation methods addition support are vital setting.

Language: Английский

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Exploration of plant alkaloids as potential inhibitors of HIV–CD4 binding: Insight into comprehensive in silico approaches

Open Chemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Abstract This study investigates the potential of alkaloids – nitidine, harmine, harmaline, berberine, and magnoflurine as inhibitors HIV –CD4 binding, focusing on their molecular interactions, binding affinities, pharmacokinetic properties. Molecular docking results revealed that all exhibited high-affinity to CD4 receptor showed significant interactions with spike protein ( -SP). Interaction analysis nitidine harmaline formed hydrogen bonds hydrophobic while harmine relied van der Waals forces π-stacking. Pharmacokinetic evaluations, based Lipinski’s Rule Five, favorable oral bioavailability, moderate lipophilicity, blood–brain barrier permeability, having a bioavailability score 0.55, showing promising candidate for development anti- therapeutics, supported by solid stability in MD simulations, profiles. simulations confirmed CD4– -SP complex, magnesium fluoride highest strength minimal structural deviation, berberine stability. MM-GBSA calculations most potent inhibitor free energy.

Language: Английский

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A double-edged sword effect: the implications of Internet exposure for Netizens’ tolerant attitudes toward people living with HIV/AIDS

AIDS Care, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 17

Published: April 3, 2025

Enhancing societal tolerance towards people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) is crucial for curbing the spread of disease. We investigate impact Internet exposure on netizens' tolerant attitudes toward PLWHA. analyzed data from 11,927 netizens surveyed in Chinese Social Survey (CSS) conducted 2017, 2019, and 2021. An ordered probit model was employed to examine direct association between During this period, PLWHA have increased. enhances participation mediates positive Additionally, subjective social status amplifies beneficial influence these attitudes. Male derive greater benefits fostering compared female netizens. exhibits a double-edged sword effect This study represents first systematic investigation into PLWHA, which conducive improving health welfare

Language: Английский

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Pathogenesis of HIV-associated depression: contributing factors and underlying mechanisms

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: April 17, 2025

Cumulative evidence indicates that compared to HIV negative individuals, people living with (PLWH) have a higher likelihood of developing depression, anxiety, and cognitive disorders. Depression, which is known be persistent overwhelming feeling sadness accompanied by loss interest in usual activities, one the most common mental illnesses encountered during infection. Experts believe several factors such as neuroinflammation, life stressors, lack sleep, poor nutritional state, opportunistic infections comorbidities, medications are contributing favoring development depression PLWH. However, fundamental mechanisms underlie involvement these emergence context remain poorly explored. Past researches describing role or two preceding do exist; however, very few articles tackle this important topic while considering different putative causative comprehensively particular Herein, we elaborate on currently understood responsible for discuss whereby each factor may result outcome depression. We understanding their underlying essential future therapeutic interventions alleviate burden commonly seen PLWH, therefore facilitate strategies improve overall quality life.

Language: Английский

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Mental Health and Psychosocial Effects of natural disaster on HIV Patients

Asian Journal of Dental and Health Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 4(1), P. 38 - 44

Published: March 15, 2024

Natural disasters pose unique challenges to individuals living with HIV/AIDS, impacting their mental health and psychosocial well-being. This review explores the complex interplay between natural implications for HIV patients. Disruptions in healthcare infrastructure, medication access, treatment continuity during significantly affect disease management, leading heightened stress, anxiety, trauma among this vulnerable population. Social support networks, crucial those HIV, often suffer severe setbacks, exacerbating issues. The aftermath of may induce long-term psychological effects, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) depression. Understanding these multifaceted impacts is critical developing tailored interventions systems mitigate consequences experienced by wake disasters. Further research targeted are essential address specific needs population promote resilience face such calamities. Keywords: health, effect, disaster, AIDS, emergency

Language: Английский

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