Social cognition and social motivation in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: are impairments linked to the disorder or to being socially isolated?

Psychological Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 54(9), P. 2015 - 2023

Published: Feb. 5, 2024

People with schizophrenia on average are more socially isolated, lonelier, have social cognitive impairment, and less motivated than healthy individuals. bipolar disorder also isolation, though typically that seen in schizophrenia. We aimed to disentangle whether the motivation impairments observed a specific feature of clinical condition

Language: Английский

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Pilot study of a ketogenic diet in bipolar disorder: a process evaluation

BMC Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: Jan. 21, 2025

Abstract Background Bipolar disorder is a serious mental illness, which requires new strategies for prevention and management. Recent evidence suggests that ketogenic diet may be an effective intervention. This research aimed to explore the feasibility acceptability of intervention bipolar disorder, fidelity its behavioural components experiences participants clinicians involved. Methods A mixed-methods process evaluation was conducted. Semi-structured telephone interviews were carried out with 15 1–2 months after completing 6–8 week modified intervention, 4 from study team following completion data collection. Data thematically analysed. Fidelity checklists completed by dietitians analysed using descriptive count percentage statistics. Findings are reported post-hoc, analysis publication main pilot findings. Reporting guided COREQ checklist. Results Five themes identified in qualitative data: (1) ‘ Encouraging entry supporting exit’ (e.g. recognising managing participants’ varied motives expectations, including around weight loss symptom alleviation); (2) Challenging but potentially transformational ,’ reflects while it can difficult initiate maintain day-to-day, many perceived physical psychological benefits significant loss, mood stability enhanced ability focus); (3) ‘Intervention facilitators range goal setting), social family dietitians) technological apps monitoring) support mechanisms; (4) barriers’ dietary preferences, concerns about impact, testing burden capacity delivery team); (5) ‘The wider context’ cost living sociocultural expectations) crucial factor explaining differential experiences. Overall, analyses indicated moderate-to-good behaviour change study. Conclusion We provide novel insight into people initiating diet, as well those who Future trials benefit increased clinical capacity, better-defined exit routes, additional interpersonal support, greater understanding how societal factors impact participation. Trial registration Study number: ISRCTN61613198 (02/03/22).

Language: Английский

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Prevalence and associated factors of incident and persistent loneliness among middle-aged and older adults in Thailand

BMC Psychology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: March 14, 2023

The aim of the study was to assess prevalence and associated factors incident persistent loneliness in a prospective cohort among middle-aged older adults (≥ 45 years) Thailand.Longitudinal data from Health, Aging, Retirement Thailand (HART) 2015 2017 were analysed. Loneliness assessed with one item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale. Logistic regression used calculate predictors loneliness.In total, at baseline 21.7% had loneliness, 633 3696 participants without (22.2%), 239 790 (in both 2017) (30.3%). In adjusted logistic analysis, low income (aOR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.03 1.57), poor self-rated physical health status 1.64, 1.27 2.12), hypertension 1.34, 1.09 1.65), depressive symptoms 1.97, 1.11 3.49), having three or chronic conditions 1.76, 1.19 2.60) positively higher education 0.74, 0.55 0.98) living southern region 0.43, 0.30 0.61) inversely loneliness. Poor 1.91, 1.26 2.88), more diseases 1.78, 1.07 2.98), associated, 0.40, 0.25 0.65) loneliness.More than five ageing 2 years follow-up. and/or people lower socioeconomic status, residing central region, symptoms, hypertension, number diseases.

Language: Английский

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Loneliness, belonging and psychosomatic complaints across late adolescence and young adulthood: a Swedish cohort study

BMC Public Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: Feb. 29, 2024

Abstract Background Loneliness and belonging refer to social connectedness are associated with young people’s health; however, the relationship between these constructs their impact on health is still being discussed. A dual continuum model of loneliness has been suggested, consisting four groups depending state belonging: socially fulfilled (low loneliness, high belonging), indifferent low searching (high distressed belonging). The aim this study examine in a Swedish sample 17–18-years-olds who were followed over 3 years, associations that aspects share psychosomatic complaints during ages. Methods cohort data collected among late adolescents (age 17–18 2019) up adulthood 20–21 2022) ( n = 2684) was used belonging, complaints. measured by single items cross-combinations these. Three assessed: stomach ache, headache, difficulties falling asleep, summary index calculated. Results Linear regression analyses showed positively negatively cross-sectionally group reported fewer compared all other groups, while highest level Additional adjustment for sociodemographic characteristics barely affected estimates. prospective analysis supported patterns; after earlier complaints, only statistically significant difference subsequent found groups. Conclusions (separately these) adolescence adulthood. Prospectively, most vulnerable model, group, experienced more than indicating temporal relationship. Knowledge about nuanced links may be useful developing specific public recommendations interventions youth, targeting

Language: Английский

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Effects of social isolation on locus coeruleus opioid receptor expression and affective behavior.

Neurobiology of Stress, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100717 - 100717

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Adolescent Mental Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Interplay of Age, Gender, and Mental Health Outcomes in Two Consecutive Cross-Sectional Surveys in Northern Italy

Behavioral Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(8), P. 643 - 643

Published: Aug. 1, 2023

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a profound impact on the mental health and well-being of adolescents. This study aimed to investigate development health-related quality life (HRQoL) among adolescents in Northern Italy by comparing cross-sectional surveys conducted 2021 2022, with particular focus influence age gender. sample included aged 11-19 years from public schools South Tyrol. Validated psychometric instruments were used assess HRQoL, anxiety depression symptoms, psychosomatic complaints. Sociodemographic variables, COVID-19 burden, pandemic-related factors measured. Statistical analyses chi-square tests, correlation coefficients, logistic regression analyses. results indicated that while self-reported burden decreased significantly 2022 (n = 1885) compared 1760), there no significant differences symptoms anxiety, depressive low increased complaints between two for both early late Females consistently higher percentages all outcome females, but not males. Both genders experienced an increase HRQoL age. co-occurrence outcomes was observed, suggesting overlapping patterns depression, These findings underscore intricate relationship age, gender, during pandemic. It is important recognize may exhibit distinct vulnerabilities require tailored support approaches address their specific challenges, differing those needed

Language: Английский

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Understanding the relationship between loneliness, substance use traits and psychiatric disorders: A genetically informed approach

Psychiatry Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 325, P. 115218 - 115218

Published: April 23, 2023

Loneliness is a common, yet distressing experience associated with adverse outcomes including substance use problems and psychiatric disorders. To what extent these associations reflect genetic correlations causal relationships currently unclear. We applied Genomic Structural Equation Modelling (GSEM) to dissect the architecture between loneliness psychiatric-behavioural traits. Included were summary statistics from 12 genome-wide association analyses, 11 phenotypes (range N: 9,537 - 807,553). first modelled latent factors amongst traits then investigate potential effects identified factors, using multivariate analyses bidirectional Mendelian randomization. three encompassing neurodevelopmental/mood conditions, disorders psychotic features. GSEM provided evidence of unique conditions factor. randomization results suggestive These imply that predisposition may elevate risk vice versa. However, difficulty distiguishing which present in similar ways. suggest, overall, importance addressing mental health prevention policy.

Language: Английский

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Longitudinal associations of loneliness with mental ill-health, physical ill-health, lifestyle factors and mortality in ageing adults in Thailand

BMC Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: Nov. 17, 2023

Abstract Objectives The aim of this study was to assess the longitudinal association between loneliness, mental and physical ill-health indicators, lifestyle factors mortality among middle-aged older adults in Thailand. Methods We analyzed prospective cohort data participants 45 years from three consecutive waves 2015 (n = 5616), 2017 3600), 2020 2863) Health, Aging Retirement Thailand (HART) study. Loneliness assessed with a single item. To associations loneliness health outcomes (baseline), (first follow-up) (second follow-up), we conducted Generalized Estimating Equations analysis (GEE). Results proportion 21.6% 2015, 23.8% 21.3% 2020. In adjusted GEE logistic regression model, positively associated (poor self-rated status, poor quality life/happiness, depressive symptoms, insomnia symptoms), hypertension, kidney disease, osteoporosis, ADL disability), (physical inactivity, having underweight). Furthermore, Cox proportional hazards regression, mortality. compared without all waves, one wave and/or two incident (incident diabetes, (having Conclusion found that several Enhanced screening treatment may reduce indicators

Language: Английский

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Loneliness and associated factors among middle-aged and older adults: cross-sectional and longitudinal survey results from the HAALSI cohort in South Africa

Aging & Mental Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 28(8), P. 1179 - 1187

Published: May 10, 2024

Longitudinal studies on chronic loneliness and before during the COVID-19 pandemic are lacking in Africa. The study aimed to estimate prevalence associated factors of using cross-sectional longitudinal data from middle-aged older adults rural South

Language: Английский

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Pilot study of a ketogenic diet in bipolar disorder: a process evaluation

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 17, 2024

Abstract Background Bipolar disorder is a serious mental illness, which requires new strategies for prevention and management. Recent evidence suggests that ketogenic diet may be an effective intervention. This research aimed to explore the feasibility acceptability of intervention bipolar disorder, fidelity its behavioural components experiences participants clinicians involved. Methods A mixed-methods process evaluation was conducted. Semi-structured telephone interviews were carried out with 15 1-2 months after completing 6-8 week modified intervention, 4 from study team following completion data collection. Data thematically analysed. Fidelity checklists completed by dietitians analysed using descriptive count percentage statistics. Findings are reported post-hoc, analysis publication main pilot findings. Results Qualitative indicated had various motives taking part in study, including weight loss. It important support people’s while facilitating clear realistic expectations. Despite challenges initiating maintaining diet, some disruptive effects on daily living, many perceived physical psychological benefits (e.g. significant loss, mood stability enhanced ability focus). range ( e.g. goal setting), social family dietitians) technological apps monitoring) mechanisms generally considered key factors. Meanwhile, dietary preferences, concerns about impact, testing burden capacity delivery as barriers some. The importance wider contextual influences cost living sociocultural expectations) highlighted. Overall, analyses moderate-to-good behaviour change study. Conclusion We provide novel insight into people well those who Future trials benefit increased clinical capacity, better-defined entry exit routes, additional interpersonal support, greater understanding how societal factors impact participation. Trial registration Study number: ISRCTN6163198 (02 March 2022)

Language: Английский

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