Mechanistic constraints on the trade-off between photosynthesis and respiration in response to warming

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(35)

Published: Sept. 1, 2023

Phytoplankton are responsible for half of all oxygen production and drive the ocean carbon cycle. Metabolic theory predicts that increasing global temperatures will cause phytoplankton to become more heterotrophic smaller. Here, we uncover metabolic trade-offs between cellular space, energy, stress management driving thermal acclimation how these might be overcome through evolutionary adaptation. We show observed relationships traits such as chlorophyll, lipid content, C:N, size can predicted on basis demands cell, dependency transporters, changes in membrane lipids. suggest many not fixed physiological constraints but rather altered For example, evolution metabolism favor larger cells with higher content mitigate oxidative stress. These results have implications rates sequestration export a warmer ocean.

Language: Английский

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Influence of global environmental Change on plankton

Journal of Plankton Research, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 43(6), P. 779 - 800

Published: Oct. 11, 2021

Abstract Much has been published on the effects of ocean acidification plankton since original Royal Society 2005 report. In addition to direct primary production, it is clear that also profound consequences for biogeochemistry. Furthermore, although can have grazers such as copepods, induces changes in nutritional value phytoplankton which be passed up food chain. There recognition complexity interactions between elevated CO2 and other environmental factors this seen an upsurge climate change research involving multifactorial experiments. particular, interaction with global warming resulting from increasing greenhouse effect investigated. inland water plankton. These, combined novel experimental techniques long term studies genetic adaptation, are providing better insights biology communities a future world.

Language: Английский

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Multi-trait diversification in marine diatoms in constant and warmed environments

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 291(2019)

Published: March 27, 2024

Phytoplankton are photosynthetic marine microbes that affect food webs, nutrient cycles and climate regulation. Their roles determined by correlated phytoplankton functional traits including cell size, chlorophyll content cellular composition. Here, we explore patterns of evolution in interrelated trait values correlations. Because both chance events natural selection contribute to evolution, used population bottlenecks diversify six genotypes Thalassiosirid diatoms. We then evolved them as large populations two environments. Interspecific variation within-species were visualized for nine their correlations using reduced axes (a trait-scape). Our main findings shifts resulted movement evolving within the trait-scape environments, but more frequent when a novel environment. Which relationships was population-specific, greater departures from ancestral associated with lower growth rates. There no single master could be understand multi-trait evolution. Instead, repeatable occurred along major axis defined several diatom relationships. trait-scapes capture changes together, they offer an insightful way study variation.

Language: Английский

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Trait drift in microalgae and applications for strain improvement

Biotechnology Advances, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 60, P. 108034 - 108034

Published: Sept. 9, 2022

Language: Английский

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The evolution of trait correlations constrains phenotypic adaptation to high CO₂in a eukaryotic alga

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 288(1953)

Published: June 16, 2021

Microbes form the base of food webs and drive biogeochemical cycling. Predicting effects microbial evolution on global elemental cycles remains a significant challenge due to sheer number interacting environmental trait combinations. Here, we present an approach for integrating multivariate data into predictive model evolution. We investigated outcome thousands possible adaptive walks parameterized using empirical from alga Chlamydomonas exposed high CO 2 . found that direction historical bias (existing correlations) influenced both rate adaptation evolved phenotypes (trait combinations). Critically, use fitness landscapes derived directly values capture known evolutionary phenomena. This work demonstrates ecological models need represent changes in traits correlation between order accurately phytoplankton predict future shifts

Language: Английский

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A High-Throughput Assay for Quantifying Phenotypic Traits of Microalgae

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Oct. 6, 2021

High-throughput methods for phenotyping microalgae are in demand across a variety of research and commercial purposes. Many can be readily cultivated multi-well plates experimental studies which reduce overall costs, while measuring traits from low volume samples handling. Here we develop high-throughput quantitative phenotypic assay (QPA) that used to phenotype grown plates. The QPA integrates 10 low-volume, relatively trait measurements (growth rate, cell size, granularity, chlorophyll a, neutral lipid content, silicification, reactive oxygen species accumulation, photophysiology parameters: ETRmax, I k , alpha) into one workflow. We demonstrate the utility on Thalassiosira spp., cosmopolitan marine diatom, six strains standard nutrient rich environment (f/2 media) using full 10-trait assay. multivariate phenotypes simplified two dimensions principal component analysis, generating trait-scape. determine show consistent pattern when small compared more typical large volumes. thus quantifying different growth environments without requiring exhaustive large-scale culturing experiments, facilitates experiments plasticity. confirm this newly isolated diatom within 4 weeks isolation. described here is highly amenable customisation other or unicellular taxa provides framework designing experiments. This method will have applications evolution, modelling, where screening phytoplankton high importance.

Language: Английский

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Multivariate trait analysis reveals diatom plasticity constrained to a reduced set of biological axes

ISME Communications, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 1(1)

Published: Oct. 25, 2021

Abstract Trait-based approaches to phytoplankton ecology have gained traction in recent decades as phenotypic traits are incorporated into ecological and biogeochemical models. Here, we use high-throughput phenotyping explore both intra- interspecific constraints on trait combinations that expressed the cosmopolitan marine diatom genus Thalassiosira. We demonstrate within Thalassiosira, diversity cannot be predicted from genotypic diversity, moreover, plasticity can create highly divergent phenotypes incongruent with taxonomic grouping. Significantly, multivariate represented reduced dimensional space using principal component analysis 77.7% of variance captured by two orthogonal axes, here termed a ‘trait-scape’. Furthermore, this trait-scape recovered set traits. Plastic responses new environments expanded values trait-scape, however, overall pattern response was similar between strains many correlations remained constant. These findings trait-scapes used reveal common multi-trait underlying phenotypes. Understanding how integrate correlational trade-offs theoretical frameworks like models will critical predict microbial environmental change impact elemental cycling now future.

Language: Английский

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Evolution of Phytoplankton in Relation to Their Physiological Traits

Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(2), P. 194 - 194

Published: Jan. 31, 2022

Defining the physiological traits that characterise phytoplankton involves comparison with related organisms in benthic habitats. Comparison of survival time darkness under natural conditions requires more information. Gas vesicles and flagella as mechanisms upward movement relative to surrounding water, allowing periodic vertical migration, are not confined plankton, although buoyancy changes compositional a large central vacuole may be restricted plankton. Benthic microalgae have same range photosynthetic pigments do phytoplankton; it is clear if there differences rate regulation acclimation machinery variations irradiance for microphytobenthos. There inadequate data determine responses frequency or magnitude supply inorganic carbon, nitrogen phosphorus differ between microalgae. Phagophotomixotrophy osmophotomixotrophy, occur both Further progress identifying specific experimentation on closely planktonic microalgae, attention whether algae examined have, far can determined, never been during their evolution derived from ancestors.

Language: Английский

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Species richness and intraspecific variation interactively shape marine diatom community functioning

Limnology and Oceanography Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(5), P. 612 - 623

Published: May 7, 2024

Abstract Biodiversity generally increases productivity in ecosystems; however, this is mediated by the specific functional traits that come with biodiversity loss or gain and how these interact environmental conditions. Most studies evaluate effects of species richness alone, despite our increasing understanding intraspecific diversity can have equally strong impacts. Here, we manipulate both (i.e., number distinct strains) marine diatom communities to explicitly test relative importance strain for biomass trait six temperature/nutrient environments. We show significant on growth rates, but more importantly, they each other, indicating cross‐species depend within‐species vice versa. This intertwined relationship thus calls integrative approaches quantifying components context ecosystem functioning.

Language: Английский

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Rapid evolution of a coastal marsh ecosystem engineer in response to global change

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 853, P. 157846 - 157846

Published: Aug. 7, 2022

There is increasing evidence that global change can alter ecosystems by eliciting rapid evolution of foundational plants capable shaping vital attributes and processes. Here we describe results a field-scale exposure experiment multilocus assays illustrating elevated CO2 (eCO2) nitrogen (N) enrichment result in shifts genetic genotypic variation Phragmites australis, an ecologically dominant plant acts as ecosystem engineer coastal marshes worldwide. Compared to control treatments, diversity declined over three years exposure, especially N enrichment. The magnitude loss also increased time under conditions Comparisons genotype frequencies revealed proportional abundances shifted with eCO2 manner consistent expected responses selection. tradeoffs constrained responses, where any particular responded favorably one factor rather than different factors or combinations factors. These findings challenge the prevailing view plant-mediated outcomes are governed primarily differences species shifting environmental pressures highlight value accounting for organismal predictive models improve forecasts change.

Language: Английский

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