Leader–follower behavioural coordination and neural synchronization during intergroup conflict

Nature Human Behaviour, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 7(12), P. 2169 - 2181

Published: July 27, 2023

Language: Английский

---

Intergroup conflict: origins, dynamics and consequences across taxa

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 377(1851)

Published: April 4, 2022

Although uniquely destructive and wasteful, intergroup conflict warfare are not confined to humans. They seen across a range of group-living species, from social insects, fishes birds mammals, including nonhuman primates. With its unique collection theory, research review contributions biology, anthropology economics, this theme issue provides novel insights into taxa. Here, we introduce organize on the origins consequences conflict. We provide coherent framework by modelling conflicts as multi-level games strategy in which individuals within groups cooperate compete with (individuals in) other for scarce resources, such territory, food, mating opportunities, power influence. Within framework, identify cross-species mechanisms (participating conclude highlighting crosscutting innovations study set forth individual contributions. These include, among others, how within-group heterogeneities leadership relate group conflict, shapes organization climate change environmental degradation transition relations peaceful coexistence violent This article is part ‘Intergroup taxa’.

Language: Английский

---

Group Formation and the Evolution of Human Social Organization

Perspectives on Psychological Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 19(2), P. 320 - 334

Published: July 14, 2023

Humans operate in groups that are oftentimes nested multilayered collectives such as work units within departments and companies, neighborhoods cities, regions nation states. With psychological science mostly focusing on proximate reasons for individuals to join existing how function, we still poorly understand why form ex nihilo, evolve into complex social structures, what explains fission–fusion dynamics. Here address group formation the evolution of organization at both ultimate level analysis. Building models fitness interdependence cooperation, propose socioecologies can create positive interdependencies among strangers pave way stable coalitions through reciprocity reputation-based partner selection. Such marked by in-group bounded, parochial cooperation together with an array institutions managing commons, allowing scale size complexity while avoiding breakdown cooperation. Our analysis reveals distinct cultures endogenously emerge from reciprocal shows identification commitment likely consequences rather than causes when intergroup relations gravitate toward peaceful coexistence, integration, or conflict.

Language: Английский

---

Cultural threat perceptions predict violent extremism via need for cognitive closure

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 120(20)

Published: May 8, 2023

Understanding the psychological processes that drive violent extremism is a pressing global issue. Across six studies, we demonstrate perceived cultural threats lead to because they increase people's need for cognitive closure (NFC). In general population samples (from Denmark, Afghanistan, Pakistan, France, and an international sample) sample of former Mujahideen in single-level multilevel mediation analyses revealed NFC mediated association between extremist outcomes. Further, comparisons Afghan from Afghanistan following known-group paradigm, scored significantly higher on threat, NFC, Moreover, proposed model successfully differentiated participants participants. Next, two preregistered experiments provided causal support model. Experimentally manipulating predictor (cultural threat) Pakistan led scores mediator (NFC) dependent variables (violent outcomes). Finally, experiment conducted France demonstrated effect Two internal meta-analyses using state-of-the-art methods (i.e., meta-analytic structural equation modeling pooled indirect effects analyses) further robustness our results across different outcomes, designs, populations, settings. Cultural threat perceptions seem by eliciting closure.

Language: Английский

---

Environmental stress increases out-group aggression and intergroup conflict in humans

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 377(1851)

Published: April 4, 2022

Peaceful coexistence and trade among human groups can be fragile intergroup relations frequently transition to violent exchange conflict. Here we specify how exogenous changes in groups' environment ensuing carrying-capacity stress increase individual participation conflict, out-group aggression particular. In two contest experiments, individuals could contribute private resources (versus in-group defense). Environmental unpredictability, induced by making non-invested subject risk of destruction not), created psychological increased coordination attacks. Archival analyses interstate conflicts showed, likewise, that sovereign states engage revisionist warfare more when their pre-conflict economic climatic were volatile unpredictable. Given conflict is wasteful, environmental unpredictability not only made often victorious but also less wealthy. Macro-level the natural a root cause turn benign violent. This article part theme issue ‘Intergroup across taxa’.

Language: Английский

---

Cooperation beyond group boundaries is evaluated differently depending on the existence of intergroup competition

Frontiers in Behavioral Economics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 4

Published: March 7, 2025

Do reputational mechanisms hinder or promote cooperation beyond group boundaries? This study explores the possibility that individuals lose benefits within their when they cooperate boundaries. We examined evaluations of those who cooperated only with ingroup members (i.e., favoring strategy) and both outgroup universalistic by manipulating existence intergroup competition through an incentivized behavioral experiment. The results show individuals' reputations were evaluated differently depending on conditions. In competitive condition, strategy was more positively than strategy. non-competitive as dynamics indirect reciprocity are less likely to boundaries, particularly in competition.

Language: Английский

---

Prosocial preferences can escalate intergroup conflicts by countering selfish motivations to leave

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Oct. 18, 2024

When defending against hostile enemies, individual group members can benefit from others staying in the and fighting. However, individuals themselves may be better off by leaving avoiding personal risks associated with While fleeing is indeed commonly observed, when why defenders fight or flee remains poorly understood addressed here three incentivized preregistered experiments (total n = 602). In stylized attacker-defender contest games which could stay leave, we show that less costly is, more likely are to abandon their group. addition, risk-averse leave. Conversely, they have pro-social preferences fellow cannot those who not always contribute fully defense, some degree free-riding on efforts of other members. Nonetheless, increased intergroup conflict its costs. meet groups, choose whether defend leave behind. Here, authors predict while predicted concerns for costs risk.

Language: Английский

---

Conflict misperceptions between citizens and foreigners across the globe

PNAS Nexus, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 1(5)

Published: Nov. 1, 2022

In a globalizing world, conflict between citizens and foreigners hinders cooperation hampers how well the global community can tackle shared problems. Here, we study find that people substantially misperceive competitive are. Citizens (from 51 countries; N = 12,863; 656,274 decisions) interacted with in incentivized contest experiments. People across globe systematically failed to anticipate competitiveness of either competed too much or little. Competition was poorly explained by differences cultural values environmental stress. By contrast, competition concomitant misperceptions were robustly accounted for wealth nations, institutions, histories engaging international conflict. Our results reveal macro-level socio-economic countries create false stereotypes might breed

Language: Английский

---

Subtle yet encouraging developments: exploring intergroup relations between Arab and Jewish college students over seven years

Frontiers in Education, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: Sept. 30, 2024

Introduction This study investigates the dynamics of intranational intergroup contact between Arab and Jewish students in a higher education institution Israel. Guided by hypothesis, research examines gap students’ willingness for closeness their reported actual interactions. Methods Using cross-sectional survey design, quantitative data were collected from total 733 at two timepoints: 2016 ( n = 419) 2023 314). All studying to become physical teachers. Results The findings revealed both persistent challenges encouraging trends relationships. Despite meaningful connections, interactions remained limited. A significant increase academic friendship relationships was observed 2023, suggesting potential constructive change. consistently more frequent than counterparts. Discussion These underscore importance structured interventions settings foster relations, amidst broader societal challenges.

Language: Английский

---

The Influence of Group Favoritism on Moral Judgment -- Evidence From Event-Related Potential

Psychological Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 11, 2024

When judging the morality of an action, individuals may exhibit a bias stemming from group favoritism. It leads to expression different moral evaluations same behaviors performed by social groups. The current study used event-related potentials (ERPs) investigate influence in-group favoritism (in-group vs. homogeneous out-group) and out-group high-quality on judgments. Two experiments were conducted, showing higher score compared participants. ERP data indicated that stimulation triggered larger P2 amplitudes than out-group. Additionally, N400-like amplitude, localized right hemisphere, was observed during evaluation Significantly, when comparing out-group, there no discernible difference in scores or amplitudes. Overall, results indicate can affect judgments, especially assessing out-groups, but it be reduced characteristics

Language: Английский

---