Sex bias in intergroup conflict and collective movements among social mammals: male warriors and female guides

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 377(1851)

Published: April 4, 2022

Intergroup conflict is a major evolutionary force shaping animal and human societies. Males females should, on average, experience different costs benefits for participating in collective action. Specifically, among mammals, male fitness generally limited by access to mates whereas are food safety. Here we analyse sex biases 72 species of group-living mammals two contexts: intergroup movements. Our comparative phylogenetic analyses show that the modal mammalian pattern male-biased participation female-biased leadership However, probability conflicts decreased increased with Thus, only emerged movements, such as spotted hyenas some lemurs. Sex differences probably attributable movements (e.g. towards food, water, safety) or resources, risk injury). review offers new insights into factors bias across social consistent 'male warrior hypothesis' which posits evolved psychology. This article part theme issue 'Intergroup taxa'.

Language: Английский

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Intergroup conflict: origins, dynamics and consequences across taxa

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 377(1851)

Published: April 4, 2022

Although uniquely destructive and wasteful, intergroup conflict warfare are not confined to humans. They seen across a range of group-living species, from social insects, fishes birds mammals, including nonhuman primates. With its unique collection theory, research review contributions biology, anthropology economics, this theme issue provides novel insights into taxa. Here, we introduce organize on the origins consequences conflict. We provide coherent framework by modelling conflicts as multi-level games strategy in which individuals within groups cooperate compete with (individuals in) other for scarce resources, such territory, food, mating opportunities, power influence. Within framework, identify cross-species mechanisms (participating conclude highlighting crosscutting innovations study set forth individual contributions. These include, among others, how within-group heterogeneities leadership relate group conflict, shapes organization climate change environmental degradation transition relations peaceful coexistence violent This article is part ‘Intergroup taxa’.

Language: Английский

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Social induction and the developmental trajectory of participation in intergroup conflict by vervet monkeys

Evolutionary Human Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 7

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

We assess the proposition that intergroup conflict (IGC) in non-human primates offers a useful comparison for studies of human IGC and its links to parochial altruism prosociality. That is, non-linguistic animals, social network integration maternal influence promote juvenile engagement can serve as initial grounding sociocultural processes drive cooperation. Using longitudinal data from three cohorts non-adult vervet monkeys (Chlorocebus pygerythrus), we show non-adults are sensitive personal (age) situational risk (participant numbers). The frequency intensity participation, although modulated by rank temperament, both mirrors participation reflects centrality grooming network. possibility induction is corroborated distribution during IGC, with being more likely be groomed if they were female, higher-ranking participants themselves. Mothers groom younger offspring either sex, whereas other adults targeted female participants. Although caution against facile alignment these outcomes culturally mediated induction, there merit considering how embodied act resultant give-and-take might basis unified comparative investigation

Language: Английский

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Drivers and outcomes of between-group conflict in vervet monkeys

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 377(1851)

Published: April 4, 2022

Neighbouring groups compete over access to resources and territories in between-group encounters, which can escalate into conflicts (BGCs). Both the ecological characteristics of a territory rival's fighting ability shape occurrence outcome such contests. What remains poorly understood, however, is how seasonal variability value together with related likelihood encounters extent these conflicts. To test this, we observed followed four vervet monkey wild, recorded group structure (i.e. size, composition), locations outcomes 515 BGCs. We then assessed key measures at locations, as vegetation availability (estimated from Copernicus Sentinel 2 satellite images) intensity usage locations. tested what factors influenced found that BGCs increased higher relative annual within group's home territory. Also, engaging BGC far away their were less likely win BGC. Regarding structure, smaller systematically won against larger groups, be explained by potentially rates individual free-riding occurring groups. This study sheds light on ecology encounter combination social critically impact dynamics non-human primate species. article part theme issue 'Intergroup conflict across taxa'.

Language: Английский

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Disputes over provisioned resources are no more intense between groups than within groups in free-ranging Sapajus libidinosus

Primates, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 65(1), P. 61 - 68

Published: Nov. 8, 2023

Language: Английский

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Independent fitness consequences of group size variation in Verreaux’s sifakas

Communications Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: July 5, 2024

Abstract The costs and benefits of group living are also reflected in intraspecific variation size. Yet, little is known about general patterns fitness consequences this variation. We use demographic records collected over 25 years to determine how survival reproductive success vary with size a Malagasy primate. show that female rates Verreaux’s sifakas ( Propithecus verreauxi ) not affected by total size, but they supressed the number co-resident females, whereas mortality significantly higher larger groups. Neither annual rainfall nor adult sex ratio have significant effects on birth death rates. Hence, these enjoy greatest net at small, predicted intermediate sizes. Thus, independent proxies can independently as function well other factors, leading deviations from optimal

Language: Английский

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Temporal variation and age influence activity budget more than sex and reproductive status in wild brown howler monkeys (Alouatta guariba clamitans) inhabiting a large, continuous forest

Primates, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 65(5), P. 411 - 419

Published: July 28, 2024

Language: Английский

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The evolution of between-sex bonds in primates

Evolution and Human Behavior, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 45(6), P. 106628 - 106628

Published: Sept. 13, 2024

Language: Английский

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The Influence of Provisioning on the Intergroup Relationships of Rhesus Macaque in Hainan, China

American Journal of Primatology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 87(1)

Published: Dec. 23, 2024

Intergroup competition for limited resources is a significant selection pressure that drives the evolution of animal society. The rhesus macaque (Macaca Mulatta) most widely distributed nonhuman primate in world and can adapt well to environments disturbed by humans. In some areas, human provisioning provides ample food macaques, leading an increase their population size, inevitably affecting patterns within between groups. this study, we focused on seven provisioned groups eco-tourism park Hainan, China, verify how impacted intergroup relationships. results showed that: (1) Peaceful coexistence was common form contacts; (2) Provisioning led contact conflicts, but monkeys tended avoid direct with other at main-provisioned sites high conflict risk. (3) Larger did not interfere each other's space use park, smaller were more easily tolerated (4) There no strict linear dominance relationships among monkey Overall, intensive satisfied energy requirement all our study site, reduction relative benefit conflict. Consequently, have adopted strategy avoids conflicts prevents escalation. We should pay attention behavior populations, which will help us better understand such as influenced social strategies groups, manage populations future.

Language: Английский

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Characterizing group and individual engagement in intergroup encounters between small groups of ring-tailed lemurs (Lemur catta) on St. Catherines Island, USA

Primates, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 64(1), P. 161 - 176

Published: Nov. 23, 2022

Language: Английский

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