Acknowledging more biodiversity without more species

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 120(40)

Published: Sept. 25, 2023

Delimiting and naming biodiversity is a vital step toward wildlife conservation research. However, species delimitation must be consistent across biota so that the limited resources available for nature protection can spent effectively objectively. To date, newly discovered lineages typically are either left undescribed thus remain unprotected or being erroneously proposed as new despite mixed evidence completed speciation, in turn contributing to emerging problem of taxonomic inflation. Inspired by recent conceptual methodological progress, we propose standardized workflow combines phylogenetic hybrid zone analyses genomic datasets (“genomic taxonomy”), which phylogeographic do not freely admix ranked species, while those have remained fully genetically compatible subspecies. In both cases, encourage their formal naming, diagnosis, description promote social awareness biodiversity. The use loci throughout genome overcomes unreliability widely used barcoding genes when patterns complex, evaluation divergence reproductive isolation unifies long-opposed concepts lineage biological species. We suggest shift assessments from single level (species) two-level hierarchy (species subspecies) will lead more balanced perception intraspecific interspecific diversity valued adequately protected.

Language: Английский

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Next‐generation species delimitation and taxonomy: Implications for biogeography

Journal of Biogeography, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 51(9), P. 1709 - 1722

Published: Feb. 13, 2024

Abstract An accurate species‐level taxonomy is paramount for biogeographical research, and conversely, data are of importance species delimitation. We here review recent developments future perspectives direct relevance biogeographers. The understanding that independently evolving segments population‐level lineages, the rise integrative approaches to delimit such advent high‐throughput sequencing have considerably renewed discipline taxonomy. Using genome‐scale molecular datasets, extent admixture across hybrid zones can now be effectively assessed evolutionary independence lineages inferred, leading more reliable comparable delimitation criteria. Substantially divergent but admixing phylogeographical conveniently named as subspecies, thus avoiding taxonomic oversplitting inflation. At same time, comprehensive DNA barcoding metabarcoding efforts uncovering an enormous proportion undiscovered biotic diversity, we encourage development bioinformatic pipelines combine discovery with diagnosis scientific naming, approach a inventory globe without abandoning established Linnaean system.

Language: Английский

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Piecing the barcoding puzzle of Palearctic water frogs (Pelophylax) sheds light on amphibian biogeography and global invasions

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(3)

Published: March 1, 2024

Abstract Palearctic water frogs (genus Pelophylax ) are an outstanding model in ecology and evolution, being widespread, speciose, either threatened or threatening to other species through biological invasions, capable of siring hybrid offspring that escape the rules sexual reproduction. Despite half a century genetic research hundreds publications, diversity, systematics biogeography still remain highly confusing, no small part due lack correspondence between studies. To provide comprehensive overview, we gathered >13,000 sequences barcoding genes from >1700 native introduced localities built multigene mitochondrial (~17 kb) nuclear (~10 phylogenies. We mapped all currently recognized taxa their phylogeographic lineages (>40) get grasp on taxonomic issues, cyto‐nuclear discordances, makeup hybridogenetic hybrids, origins populations. Competing hypotheses for molecular calibration were evaluated plausibility tests, implementing new approach relying predictions anuran speciation continuum. Based our timetree, propose biogeographic paradigm since Paleogene, notably by attributing prominent role dynamics Paratethys, vast paleo‐sea extended over most Europe. Furthermore, results show distinct marsh frog Eastern Europe, Balkans, Near East, Central Asia ( P. ridibundus ssp.) naturally inducing hybridogenesis with pool lessonae ). identified 14 alien (mostly ~20 areas especially Western signatures disproportionally pointing Balkans Anatolia as regions origins, line exporting records leg industry stocks pet sellers. thus emerges one invasive amphibians worldwide, deserves much higher conservation concern than given authorities fighting invasions.

Language: Английский

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Slower-X: reduced efficiency of selection in the early stages of X chromosome evolution

Evolution Letters, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 7(1), P. 4 - 12

Published: Jan. 31, 2023

Abstract Differentiated X chromosomes are expected to have higher rates of adaptive divergence than autosomes, if new beneficial mutations recessive (the “faster-X effect”), largely because these immediately exposed selection in males. The evolution after they stop recombining males, but before become hemizygous, has not been well explored theoretically. We use the diffusion approximation infer substitution and deleterious under such a scenario. Our results show that is less efficient on diploid loci autosomal hemizygous wide range parameters. This “slower-X” effect stronger for genes affecting primarily (or only) male fitness, sexually antagonistic genes. These unusual dynamics suggest some peculiar features chromosomes, as differential accumulation with sex-specific functions, may start arising earlier previously appreciated.

Language: Английский

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Genomic architecture of supergenes: connecting form and function

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 377(1856)

Published: June 13, 2022

Supergenes are tightly linked sets of loci that inherited together and control complex phenotypes. While classical supergenes-governing traits such as wing patterns in Heliconius butterflies or heterostyly Primula-have been studied since the Modern Synthesis, we still understand very little about how they evolve persist nature. The genetic architecture supergenes is a critical factor affecting their evolutionary fate, it can change key parameters recombination rate effective population size, potentially redirecting molecular evolution supergene addition to surrounding genomic region. To evolution, must link with processes. This now becoming possible recent advances sequencing technology powerful forward computer simulations. present theme issue brings theoretical empirical papers, well opinion synthesis which showcase architectural diversity connect this processes polymorphism maintenance mutation accumulation. Here, summarize those insights highlight new ideas methods illuminate path for study article part 'Genomic supergenes: causes consequences'.

Language: Английский

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Searching for signatures of sexually antagonistic selection on stickleback sex chromosomes

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 377(1856)

Published: June 13, 2022

Intralocus sexually antagonistic selection occurs when an allele is beneficial to one sex but detrimental the other. This form of thought be key evolution chromosomes hard detect. Here we perform analysis phased young look for signals in Japan Sea stickleback (Gasterosteus nipponicus). Phasing allows us date suppression recombination on chromosome and provides unprecedented resolution identify recombining region chromosome. We four windows with elevated divergence between X Y region, all or very near genes associated phenotypes potentially under humans. are unable, however, rule out alternative hypothesis that peaks result from demographic effects. Thus, although a formation supergenes chromosomes, it remains challenging article part theme issue 'Genomic architecture supergenes: causes evolutionary consequences'.

Language: Английский

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Integrating phylogeographic and phenotypic evidence to delimit deep evolutionary lineages in the Dryophytes japonicus species complex, with an assessment of their conservation needs

Herpetozoa, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 38, P. 25 - 42

Published: Feb. 7, 2025

Proper taxonomic and phylogeographic frameworks are a prerequisite in evolutionary, ecological, conservation research, but many species still lack adequate assessments. Earlier studies on the northeast Asian treefrog, Dryophytes japonicus , identified deep Mio-Pliocene diversification; however, phenotypic assessments were lacking, identity of clades is under debate. In this study, we assessed genetic, genomic, morphological, acoustic diversity differentiation within D. complex to propose arrangements assess taxon-specific threats for each defined clade. Analyses four mtDNA genes 42.8 kb nuclear loci obtained by RAD-sequencing (RAD-seq) confirmed two distinct species-level that diverged ~6 Mya, one provisionally assigned southern Japan mainland Asia other unnamed (D. cf. japonicus) northern adjacent Russian islands. According mitochondrial data, further divided into subclades Pleistocene age display differences morphological call properties may represent candidate subspecies: j. southwestern stepheni lineages Central Northern japonicus. Phenotypic between populations was only partly linked their phylogenetic relationships. Finally, despite relatively narrow ranges lineages, none crosses threshold be currently listed as threatened. The will necessarily require proper population monitoring additional investigations evaluate whether delimited merit descriptions.

Language: Английский

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Speciation and development

Evolution & Development, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 25(4-5), P. 289 - 327

Published: July 1, 2023

Abstract Understanding general principles about the origin of species remains one foundational challenges in evolutionary biology. The genomic divergence between groups individuals can spawn hybrid inviability and sterility, which presents a tantalizing developmental problem. Divergent programs may yield either conserved or divergent phenotypes relative to ancestral traits, both be responsible for reproductive isolation during speciation process. genetic mechanisms evolution involve cis ‐ trans ‐acting gene regulatory change, protein–protein interactions, network structures, dosage, epigenetic regulation, all also have roots population molecular processes. Toward goal demystifying Darwin's “mystery mysteries,” this review integrates microevolutionary concepts change with organismal development, establishing explicit links process production macroevolutionary pattern. This integration aims establish more unified view that binds mechanism.

Language: Английский

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Shedding light on taxonomic chaos: Diversity and distribution of South Asian skipper frogs (Anura, Dicroglossidae,Euphlyctis)

Systematics and Biodiversity, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 20(1), P. 1 - 25

Published: Aug. 30, 2022

A known haven of amphibian diversity, South Asia is also a hotspot taxonomic confusions. Vastly distributed from Saudi Arabia to Myanmar, the dicroglossid genus Euphlyctis ("skittering" or "skipper" frogs) representative example. Combining phylogenetic analyses with 16S barcoding and genome size variation 403 frogs 136 localities, we examined genetic diversity distributions across whole range Euphlyctis, particular focus on nomenclatural issues. We recovered two deeply divergent mitochondrial clades totalling ten lineages that considered as species, eight could be attributed valid names junior synonyms. The first clade (subgenus Phrynoderma) confirmed in India, Bangladesh Sri Lanka, comprises six species: E. karaavali, hexadactyla, aloysii, kerala undescribed taxa. Five are endemic Western Ghats biodiversity four them form aloysii species complex. second Euphlyctis) extends neighbouring regions, ehrenbergii, jaladhara, widespread erroneously called "E. mudigere" kalasgramensis" recent literature, while their oldest appear cyanophlyctis adolfi, respectively. Additional this pair taxa highlighted strong phenotypic resemblance, notable intraspecific phylogeographic structure, an extensive contact zone along southern slopes Himalaya, putative signs introgression. Through independent investigation historical identified overlooked issues misconceptions regarding status many old taxa, proposed solutions, such transferring ghoshi" Limnonectes. Our study illustrates how range-wide can clarify confusions, call solve remaining prior description new

Language: Английский

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Beyond Haldane’s rule: Sex-biased hybrid dysfunction for all modes of sex determination

eLife, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Aug. 19, 2024

Haldane's rule occupies a special place in biology as one of the few 'rules' speciation, with empirical support from hundreds species. And yet, its classic purview is restricted taxonomically to subset organisms heteromorphic sex chromosomes. I propose explicit acknowledgement generalized hypotheses about that frame bias hybrid dysfunction broadly and irrespective sexual system. The consensus view holds sex-biased across taxa composite phenomenon requires explanations multiple causes. Testing alternative for is, many cases, applicable homomorphic chromosomes, environmental determination, haplodiploidy, hermaphroditism. Integration variety biological phenomena hybrids diverse systems, beyond rule, will help derive more general understanding contributing forces mechanisms lead predictable biases evolutionary divergence speciation.

Language: Английский

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