The Ecology of Hybrid Incompatibilities

Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(9), P. a041440 - a041440

Published: Dec. 27, 2023

Ecologically mediated selection against hybrids, caused by hybrid phenotypes fitting poorly into available niches, is typically viewed as distinct from epistatic Dobzhansky-Muller incompatibilities. Here, we show how transgressive in hybrids manifests incompatibility. After outlining our logic, summarize current approaches for studying ecology-based on hybrids. We then quantitatively review QTL-mapping studies and find traits differing between parent taxa are polygenic. Next, describe verbal models of translate to phenotypic genetic fitness landscapes, highlighting emerging detecting polygenic Finally, a synthesis published data, report that trait transgression-and thus possibly extrinsic incompatibility hybrids-escalates with the divergence parents. discuss conceptual implications conclude ecological basis will facilitate new discoveries about mechanisms speciation.

Language: Английский

---

Predictability and parallelism in the contemporary evolution of hybrid genomes

PLoS Genetics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 18(1), P. e1009914 - e1009914

Published: Jan. 27, 2022

Hybridization between species is widespread across the tree of life. As a result, many species, including our own, harbor regions their genome derived from hybridization. Despite recognition that this process widespread, we understand little about how stabilizes following hybridization, and whether mechanisms driving stabilization tend to be shared species. Here, dissect drivers variation in local ancestry replicated hybridization events two pairs swordtail fish: Xiphophorus birchmanni × X . cortezi malinche We find unexpectedly high levels repeatability types hybrid populations. This attributable part fact recombination landscape locations functionally important elements play major role both Beyond these broad scale patterns, identify dozens where minor parent unusually low or pairs. Analysis points sites under selection pairs, some cases, selection. show one such region previously unknown incompatibility

Language: Английский

---

Swordtail fish hybrids reveal that genome evolution is surprisingly predictable after initial hybridization

PLoS Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(8), P. e3002742 - e3002742

Published: Aug. 26, 2024

Over the past 2 decades, biologists have come to appreciate that hybridization, or genetic exchange between distinct lineages, is remarkably common-not just in particular lineages but taxonomic groups across tree of life. As a result, genomes many modern species harbor regions inherited from related species. This observation has raised fundamental questions about degree which genomic outcomes hybridization are repeatable and natural selection drives such repeatability. However, lack appropriate systems answer these limited empirical progress this area. Here, we leverage independently formed hybrid populations swordtail fish Xiphophorus birchmanni X. cortezi address question. We find local ancestry one population predictive another, demographically independent population. Applying newly developed methods, can attribute much repeatability strong earliest generations after initial hybridization. complement analyses with time-series data demonstrates at under remained stable over approximately 40 evolution. Finally, compare our results well-studied × malinche conclude deeper evolutionary divergence resulted stronger higher patterns hybrids cortezi.

Language: Английский

---

Genomic Signatures of Mitonuclear Coevolution in Mammals

Molecular Biology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 39(11)

Published: Oct. 27, 2022

Abstract Mitochondrial (mt) and nuclear-encoded proteins are integrated in aerobic respiration, requiring co-functionality among gene products from fundamentally different genomes. Different evolutionary rates, inheritance mechanisms, selection pressures set the stage for incompatibilities between interacting of two The mitonuclear coevolution hypothesis posits that may be avoided if evolution one genome selects complementary changes genes encoded by other genome. Nuclear compensation, which deleterious mtDNA offset compensatory nuclear changes, is often invoked as primary mechanism coevolution. Yet, direct evidence supporting compensation rare. Here, we used data 58 mammalian species representing eight orders to show strong correlations rates mt mt-targeted (N-mt) proteins, but not non-mt-targeted providing support across mammals. N-mt with interactions also showed strongest correlations. Although most had elevated dN/dS ratios compared (as predicted under compensation), sites close contact were overrepresented signs positive noncontact (contrary predictions compensation). Furthermore, temporal patterns amino acid substitutions did even positively selected, functionally important residues contacts. Overall, our results strongly ∼170 million years fail major mode

Language: Английский

---

Mitonuclear interactions impact aerobic metabolism in hybrids and may explain mitonuclear discordance in young, naturally hybridizing bird lineages

Molecular Ecology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 33(12)

Published: May 10, 2024

Abstract Understanding genetic incompatibilities and introgression between incipient species are major goals in evolutionary biology. Mitochondrial genes evolve rapidly exist dense gene networks with coevolved nuclear genes, suggesting that mitochondrial respiration may be particularly susceptible to disruption hybrid organisms. Mitonuclear interactions have been demonstrated contribute dysfunction deeply divergent taxa crossed the laboratory, but there few empirical examples of mitonuclear younger lineages naturally hybridize. Here, we use controlled crosses high‐resolution respirometry provide first experimental evidence a bird inter‐lineage impact aerobic metabolism. Specifically, capacity two mitodiscordant backcrosses (with mismatched combinations) differs from one another, although they do not differ significantly parental groups or mitoconcordant as would expect disruptions. In wild zone these subspecies, cline centre is shifted west centre, which consistent direction our results. Our results therefore demonstrate asymmetric cellular help explain geographic discordance genomes observed wild.

Language: Английский

---

Assisted gene flow from outcrossing shows the potential for genetic rescue in an endangered salmon population

Conservation Letters, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 16(2)

Published: Dec. 22, 2022

Abstract Genetic rescue has emerged as an important tool to prevent extinction and improve fitness of declining populations. In principle, genetic increases variation in a population through translocation unrelated individuals from outside source population. remains uncommon conservation management due concerns about the risk outbreeding depression. Lack data evaluating success interventions hampered willingness use this technique viability inbred, bottlenecked Here, we evaluate intervention within endangered Central California Coast Coho Salmon Evolutionarily Significant Unit using ∼17 years demographic data, including pre‐ postoutcrossing with fish nearby watershed. We assessed outcrossed F1 F2 progeny captive setting, then used mark–recapture estimate survival juveniles released into streams. found that outcrossing decreased relatedness among adults, their hybrid had higher both stream settings relative nonhybrids. Importantly, did not observe evidence depression either or generations. This study highlights can be useful imperiled salmonids.

Language: Английский

---

Admixture mapping reveals evidence for multiple mitonuclear incompatibilities in swordtail fish hybrids

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 31, 2025

Abstract How barriers to gene flow arise between closely related species is one of the oldest questions in evolutionary biology. Classic models biology predict that negative epistatic interactions variants genomes diverged lineages, known as hybrid incompatibilities, will reduce viability or fertility hybrids. The genetic architecture these and paths through which they have profound implications for efficacy incompatibilities species. While been studied using theoretical approaches several decades, only recently has it become possible map larger numbers empirically. Here, we use admixture mapping natural populations swordtail fish ( Xiphophorus ) identify involving mitochondrial nuclear genomes. We find at least nine regions genome are involved mitonuclear vary their architecture, strength selection experience, degree limit populations. Our results build a deeper understanding complex against naturally hybridizing highlight an important role evolution reproductive

Language: Английский

---

Incompatibility and Interchangeability in Molecular Evolution

Genome Biology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Dec. 29, 2022

There is remarkable variation in the rate at which genetic incompatibilities molecular interactions accumulate. In some cases, minor changes-even single-nucleotide substitutions-create major when hybridization forces new variants to function a novel background from an isolated population. other genes or even entire functional pathways can be horizontally transferred between anciently divergent evolutionary lineages that span tree of life with little evidence incompatibilities. this review, we explore whether there are general principles explain why certain prone while others maintain interchangeability. We summarize pointing four features may contribute greater resistance replacement: (1) multisubunit enzyme complexes and protein-protein interactions, (2) sensitivity changes gene dosage, (3) rapid sequence evolution, (4) overall importance cell viability, creates small perturbations function. discuss relative levels support for these different hypotheses lay out future directions help striking contrasts patterns incompatibility interchangeability throughout history evolution.

Language: Английский

---

Genome evolution is surprisingly predictable after initial hybridization

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 23, 2023

Over the past two decades, evolutionary biologists have come to appreciate that hybridization, or genetic exchange between distinct lineages, is remarkably common - not just in particular lineages but taxonomic groups across tree of life. As a result, genomes many modern species harbor regions inherited from related species. This observation has raised fundamental questions about degree which genomic outcomes hybridization are repeatable and natural selection drives such repeatability. However, lack appropriate systems answer these limited empirical progress this area. Here, we leverage independently formed hybrid populations swordtail fish

Language: Английский

---

Imbalanced segregation of recombinant haplotypes in hybrid populations reveals inter- and intrachromosomal Dobzhansky-Muller incompatibilities

PLoS Genetics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 18(3), P. e1010120 - e1010120

Published: March 28, 2022

Dobzhansky-Muller incompatibilities (DMIs) are a major component of reproductive isolation between species. DMIs imply negative epistasis and exposed when two diverged populations hybridize. Mapping the locations has largely relied on classical genetic mapping. Approaches to date hampered by low power challenge identifying DMI loci same chromosome, because strong initial linkage parental haplotypes weakens statistical tests. Here, we propose new statistics infer from haplotype frequencies in hybrid populations. When divergent hybridize, variance heterozygosity at decreases faster with time than random pairs loci. hybridize near-even admixture proportions, deviation observed its expectation becomes for pair. This enables us detect intermediate both within chromosomes. In practice, detection window depends demographic scenario, recombination rate, strength epistasis. proportion is uneven, only can be detected our method unless migration prevents being lost. We use candidate three swordtail fish. identify numerous candidates, some which inferred interact several Moreover, discuss results context an expected enrichment intrachromosomal over interchromosomal DMIs.

Language: Английский

---