Duration of effectiveness of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 disease: results of a systematic review and meta-regression

The Lancet, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 399(10328), P. 924 - 944

Published: Feb. 23, 2022

Knowing whether COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness wanes is crucial for informing policy, such as the need and timing of booster doses. We aimed to systematically review evidence duration protection vaccines against various clinical outcomes, assess changes in rates breakthrough infection caused by delta variant with increasing time since vaccination.

Language: Английский

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Vaccine effectiveness of one, two, and three doses of BNT162b2 and CoronaVac against COVID-19 in Hong Kong: a population-based observational study

The Lancet Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 22(10), P. 1435 - 1443

Published: July 15, 2022

Language: Английский

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Effect of Subcutaneous Casirivimab and Imdevimab Antibody Combination vs Placebo on Development of Symptomatic COVID-19 in Early Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infection

JAMA, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 327(5), P. 432 - 432

Published: Jan. 14, 2022

Easy-to-administer anti-SARS-CoV-2 treatments may be used to prevent progression from asymptomatic infection symptomatic disease and reduce viral carriage.

Language: Английский

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The Remarkable Evolutionary Plasticity of Coronaviruses by Mutation and Recombination: Insights for the COVID-19 Pandemic and the Future Evolutionary Paths of SARS-CoV-2

Viruses, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(1), P. 78 - 78

Published: Jan. 2, 2022

Coronaviruses (CoVs) constitute a large and diverse subfamily of positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses. They are found in many mammals birds have great importance for the health humans farm animals. The current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, as well previous epidemics that were zoonotic origin, highlights studying evolution entire CoV order to understand how novel strains emerge which molecular processes affect their adaptation, transmissibility, host/tissue tropism, patho non-homologous genicity. In this review, we focus on studies over last two years reveal impact point mutations, insertions/deletions, intratypic/intertypic homologous recombination events CoVs. We discuss whether next generations vaccines should be directed against other proteins addition or instead spike. Based observed patterns subfamily, five scenarios future evolutionary path COVID-19 pandemic. Finally, within context, recently emerged Omicron (B.1.1.529) VoC.

Language: Английский

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Comparative Effectiveness of mRNA and Inactivated Whole-Virus Vaccines Against Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection and Severe Disease in Singapore

Clinical Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 75(8), P. 1442 - 1445

Published: April 12, 2022

Compared with individuals vaccinated Pfizer-BioNTech/Comirnaty, recipients of Sinovac-CoronaVac and Sinopharm were 2.37 (95% CI, 2.29-2.46) 1.62 1.43-1.85) times more likely to be infected coronavirus disease 19, respectively, while Moderna 0.42 0.25-0.70) less develop severe disease.

Language: Английский

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COVID-19 vaccine strategies must focus on severe disease and global equity

The Lancet, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 399(10322), P. 406 - 410

Published: Dec. 16, 2021

Language: Английский

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Impact of population mixing between vaccinated and unvaccinated subpopulations on infectious disease dynamics: implications for SARS-CoV-2 transmission

Canadian Medical Association Journal, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 194(16), P. E573 - E580

Published: April 24, 2022

The speed of vaccine development has been a singular achievement during the COVID-19 pandemic, although uptake not universal. Vaccine opponents often frame their opposition in terms rights unvaccinated. We sought to explore impact mixing vaccinated and unvaccinated populations on risk SARS-CoV-2 infection among people.We constructed simple susceptible-infectious-recovered compartmental model respiratory infectious disease with 2 connected subpopulations: people who were those simulated spectrum patterns between groups that ranged from random complete like-with-like (complete assortativity), which have contact exclusively others same vaccination status. evaluated dynamics an epidemic within each subgroup population as whole.We found was markedly higher than under all assumptions. contact-adjusted contribution disproportionate, contributing infections at rate would expected based numbers alone. increased, attack rates decreased 15% 10% (and increased 62% 79% people), but derived increased.Although associated avoiding virulent pandemic accrues chiefly are unvaccinated, choices affect viral manner is disproportionate portion population.

Language: Английский

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Expert review on global real-world vaccine effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2

Expert Review of Vaccines, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 21(9), P. 1255 - 1268

Published: June 24, 2022

Introduction COVID-19 vaccines have been highly effective in reducing morbidity and mortality during the pandemic. While primary series vaccination rates are generally high Southeast Asian (SEA) countries, various factors limited rollout impact of booster doses.Areas covered We reviewed 79 studies International Vaccine Access Center (IVAC) VIEW-hub platform on vaccine effectiveness (VE) after immunizations with two-dose schedules. VE data were reported for SARS-CoV-2 infection, COVID-19-related hospitalizations deaths, stratified across variants concern, age, study design prior infection mRNA (BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, combinations both), vector (AstraZeneca, AZD1222 [ChAdOx1 nCoV-19] 'Vaxzevria'), inactivated virus (CoronaVac).Expert opinion The most-studied provide consistently (>90%) protection against serious clinical outcomes like regardless variant. Additionally, this appears equivalent AZD1222, as supported by our analysis relevant international data, insights from SEA experts. Given continued deaths health-care systems worldwide, encouraging strategies that reduce burden is more than attempting to prevent broader but milder infections specific variants, including Omicron.

Language: Английский

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Duration of Effectiveness of Vaccines Against SARS-CoV-2 Infection and COVID-19 Disease: Results of a Systematic Review and Meta-Regression

SSRN Electronic Journal, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2021

Background: Knowing whether and to what extent COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness wanes is critical informing policy, such as the need for timing of booster doses. Methods: We performed a systematic review from June 17 October 27, 2021, using structured search strategy multiple databases. Studies with efficacy or (VE) estimates any WHO Emergency-Use-Listed at discrete time intervals after full vaccination meeting pre-defined screening criteria underwent full-text risk bias assessment. Random effects meta-regression was used estimate average change in VE one six months vaccination. Findings: Of 9,261 studies screened, 217 text review, 14 were included analyses. Vaccines evaluated Pfizer/BioNTech-Comirnaty (n=11), Moderna-mRNA-1273 (n=8), Janssen-Ad26.COV2.S (n=3), AstraZeneca-Vaxzevria (n=2). On average, against SARS-CoV-2 infection decreased between 1 6 by 18·5 percentage points (95% CI 8·4-33·4, p=0·0006) among persons all ages 19·9 9·2-36·7, p=0·0007) older persons; symptomatic disease, 25·4 13·7-42·5) 32·0 11·0-69·0), respectively; severe 8·0 3·6-15·2) 9·7 5·9-14·7), respectively. The majority disease remained over 70% points. Interpretation: high (>70%) most vaccination, although it did decrease some (on 8-10 points) In contrast, approximately 20-30 during likely due, least part, waning immunity, we cannot rule out effect bias. Continued follow-up beyond updating policy. . Funding Information: Coalition Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI)Declaration Interests: MMH reports research grants World Health Organization (WHO, (CEPI), Asian Development Bank (ADB), Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF), Pfizer (all paid institution). RA contract United States Centers Disease Control Prevention, grant Chile Ministry Science, consulting fees Mayo Clinic Health. YG States-Israel Binational Science (BSF) Israel Foundation. MJG South African Medical Research Council BMGF institution) participation on data safety monitoring board study SARS-CoV-2-associated hospitalization death. AH BSF. KLO serves Secretariat Strategic Advisory Group Experts Immunization. MDK WHO, CEPI, ADB, consultancy Merck. All other authors have nothing declare.

Language: Английский

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Projected resurgence of COVID-19 in the United States in July—December 2021 resulting from the increased transmissibility of the Delta variant and faltering vaccination

eLife, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: June 21, 2022

In Spring 2021, the highly transmissible SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant began to cause increases in cases, hospitalizations, and deaths parts of United States. At time, with slowed vaccination uptake, this novel was expected increase risk pandemic resurgence US summer fall 2021. As part COVID-19 Scenario Modeling Hub, an ensemble nine mechanistic models produced 6-month scenario projections for July-December 2021 These estimated substantial resurgences across resulting from more variant, projected occur most US, coinciding school business reopening. The scenarios revealed that reaching higher vaccine coverage reduced size duration substantially, impacts largely concentrated a subset states lower coverage. Despite accurate projection surges occurring timing, magnitude substantially underestimated by compared reported during July-December, highlighting continued challenges predict evolving pandemic. Vaccination uptake remains critical limiting transmission disease, particularly Higher goals at onset surge new were avert over 1.5 million cases 21,000 deaths, although may have had even greater impacts, considering model.

Language: Английский

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