Competition of SARS-CoV-2 variants on the pandemic transmission dynamics

Chaos Solitons & Fractals, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 169, P. 113193 - 113193

Published: Feb. 10, 2023

Language: Английский

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Omicron BA.2 Lineage, the “Stealth” Variant: Is It Truly a Silent Epidemic? A Literature Review

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(13), P. 7315 - 7315

Published: June 30, 2022

The epidemic curve of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is silently rising again. Worldwide, the dominant SARS-CoV-2 variant concern (VOC) Omicron, and its virological characteristics, such as transmissibility, pathogenicity, resistance to both vaccine- infection-induced immunity well antiviral drugs, are an urgent public health concern. Omicron has five major sub-lineages; February 2022, BA.2 lineage been detected in several European Asian countries, becoming predominant real antagonist ongoing surge. Hence, although global attention currently focused on dramatic, historically significant events multi-country monkeypox outbreak, this new unlikely fade away silence. Many aspects still unclear controversial, but apparent replication advantage higher ability escape neutralizing antibodies induced by vaccination previous infection, concerns. Herein, we review latest publications most recent available literature variant.

Language: Английский

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Protection against Omicron re-infection conferred by prior heterologous SARS-CoV-2 infection, with and without mRNA vaccination

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 29, 2022

Abstract Importance Omicron is phylogenetically- and antigenically-distinct from earlier SARS-CoV-2 variants the original vaccine strain. Protection conferred by prior infection against re-infection, added value of vaccination, require quantification. Objective To estimate protection re-infection hospitalization heterologous (non-Omicron) and/or up to three doses (ancestral, Wuhan-like) mRNA vaccine. Design Test-negative study between December 26 (epi-week 52), 2021 March 12 10), 2022. Setting Population-based, province Quebec, Canada Participants Community-dwelling ≥12-year-olds tested for SARS-CoV-2. Exposures Prior laboratory-confirmed with/without vaccination. Outcomes Laboratory-confirmed hospitalization, presumed genomic surveillance. The odds non-Omicron vaccination were compared among cases/hospitalizations versus test-negative controls (single randomly-selected per individual). Adjusted ratios controlled age, sex, testing-indication epi-week. Analyses stratified severity time since last or dose. Results Without reduced risk 44% (95%CI:38-48), decreasing 66% (95%CI:57-73) at 3-5 months 35% (95%CI:21-47) 9-11 post-infection <30% thereafter. more severe infection, greater reduction: 8% (95%CI:17-28), 43% (95%CI:37-49) 68% (95%CI:51-80) asymptomatic, symptomatic ambulatory hospitalized infections. effectiveness was consistently significantly higher previously-infected vs. non-infected individuals 65% (95%CI:63-67) 20% (95%CI:16-24) one-dose; (95%CI:67-70) 42% (95%CI:41-44) two doses; 83% (95%CI:81-84) 73% (95%CI:72-73) doses. Infection-induced 81% (95%CI: 66-89) increasing 86% (95%CI:77-99) with one, 94% (95%CI:91-96) 97%(95%CI:94-99) Two-dose did not wane across 11 differ three-dose despite longer follow-up (median 158 27 days, respectively). Conclusions relevance provided substantial sustained greatest those also vaccinated. In context program goals prevent outcomes preserve healthcare system capacity, >2 ancestral Wuhan-like may be marginal incremental individuals.

Language: Английский

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The prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection and other public health outcomes during the BA.2/BA.2.12.1 surge, New York City, April–May 2022

Communications Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 3(1)

Published: June 30, 2023

Routine case surveillance data for SARS-CoV-2 are incomplete, unrepresentative, missing key variables of interest, and may be increasingly unreliable timely surge detection understanding the true burden infection.

Language: Английский

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Protection from Omicron Infection in Residents of Nursing and Retirement Homes in Ontario, Canada

Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(5), P. 753 - 758

Published: March 28, 2023

To identify factors that contribute to protection from infection with the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 in older adults nursing and retirement homes.Longitudinal cohort study retrospective analysis risk.997 residents homes Ontario, Canada, COVID LTC study.Residents 3 messenger RNA (mRNA) dose vaccinations were included study. was determined by positive nasopharyngeal polymerase chain reaction test and/or circulating antinucleocapsid IgG antibodies. Cumulative probability after recent COVID-19 assessed log-rank Kaplan-Meier curves. Cox regression used assess risk age, sex, mRNA vaccine combination, whether individuals received a fourth dose, as well COVID-19.In total, 171 (17.2%) had presumed between December 15, 2021 (local start first wave) May 3, 2022. Risk not different age [hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) 1.01 (0.99‒1.02)], or women compared men [0.97 (0.70‒1.34)], but decreased 47% doses mRNA-1273 (Moderna) BNT162b2 (Pfizer) [0.53 (0.31-0.90)], 81% any [0.19 (0.12‒0.30)], 48% months prior beginning wave [0.52, (0.27‒0.99)].Vaccine type (ie, mRNA-1273/Spikevax vs BNT162b2/Cominarty), hybrid immunity COVID-19, protective against variant. These data emphasize importance type, number doses, maintenance reduction breakthrough infection. findings promote continued public health efforts support vaccination programs monitor immunogenicity adults.

Language: Английский

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