Early midbrain sensorimotor pathway is involved in the timely initiation and direction of swimming in the hatchling Xenopus laevis tadpole DOI Creative Commons

Michelle Christine Larbi,

Giulia Messa,

Helin Jalal

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 26, 2022

Abstract Vertebrate locomotion is heavily dependent on descending control originating in the midbrain and subsequently influencing central pattern generators spinal cord. However, neuronal circuitry its connections with other brainstem motor circuits has not been fully elucidated. Basal vertebrates very simple nervous system, like hatchling Xenopus laevis tadpole, have instrumental unravelling fundamental principles of suspraspinal control. Here, we use behavioral electrophysiological approaches combination lesions to investigate contribution initiation tadpole swimming response trunk skin stimulation. None studied here blocked tadpole’s sustained swim behavior following identified that distinct led significant changes latency trajectory swimming. These could partly be explained by increase synchronous muscle contractions opposite sides body permanent deflection tail from normal position, respectively. Furthermore, ability stop when it bumps head solid objects. We conclude embryonic sensorimotor pathway involves midbrain, which harbors essential significantly contribute appropriate, timely coordinated selection execution locomotion, imperative animal’s survival.

Language: Английский

Brainstem circuits encoding start, speed, and duration of swimming in adult zebrafish DOI Creative Commons

Eva M. Berg,

Leander Mrowka,

Maria Bertuzzi

et al.

Neuron, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 111(3), P. 372 - 386.e4

Published: Nov. 21, 2022

The flexibility of locomotor movements requires an accurate control their start, duration, and speed. How brainstem circuits encode convey these parameters remains unclear. Here, we have combined in vivo calcium imaging, electrophysiology, anatomy, behavior adult zebrafish to address questions. We reveal that the detailed are encoded by two molecularly, topographically, functionally segregated glutamatergic neuron subpopulations within nucleus medial longitudinal fasciculus. changes locomotion speed vGlut2+ neurons, whereas vGlut1+ neurons sudden high speed/high amplitude movements. Ablation compromised slow-explorative swimming, ablation impaired fast swimming. Our results provide mechanistic insights into how separate implement flexible commands. These command suitably organized integrate environmental cues hence generate swimming match animal's behavioral needs.

Language: Английский

Citations

36
The Mesencephalic Locomotor Region: Multiple Cell Types, Multiple Behavioral Roles, and Multiple Implications for Disease DOI Creative Commons
Dimitri Ryczko

The Neuroscientist, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 30(3), P. 347 - 366

Published: Dec. 28, 2022

The mesencephalic locomotor region (MLR) controls locomotion in vertebrates. In humans with Parkinson disease, deficits are increasingly associated decreased activity the MLR. This brainstem region, commonly considered to include cuneiform and pedunculopontine nuclei, has been explored as a target for deep brain stimulation improve function, but results variable, from modest promising. However, MLR is heterogeneous structure, identification of best cell type only beginning. Here, I review studies that uncovered role genetically defined types, highlight cells whose activation improves function animal models disease. promising types activate comprise some glutamatergic neurons caudal well cholinergic nucleus. Activation GABAergic should be avoided, since they stop or evoke bouts flanked numerous stops. also potential spinal cord injury, supranuclear palsy, primary progressive freezing gait, stroke. Better targeting achieved through optimized protocols, pharmacotherapy, development optogenetics human use.

Language: Английский

Citations

14
Granger causality analysis for calcium transients in neuronal networks, challenges and improvements DOI Creative Commons
Xiaowen Chen, Faustine Ginoux, Martin Carbó-Tano

et al.

eLife, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Feb. 7, 2023

One challenge in neuroscience is to understand how information flows between neurons vivo trigger specific behaviors. Granger causality (GC) has been proposed as a simple and effective measure for identifying dynamical interactions. At single-cell resolution however, GC analysis rarely used compared directionless correlation analysis. Here, we study the applicability of calcium imaging data diverse contexts. We first show that despite underlying linearity assumptions, successfully retrieves non-linear interactions synthetic network simulating intracellular fluctuations spiking neurons. highlight potential pitfalls applying on real signals, offer solutions regarding choice parameters. took advantage datasets from motoneurons embryonic zebrafish improved can retrieve true flow. Applied brainstem larval zebrafish, our pipeline reveals strong driver locus mesencephalic locomotor region (MLR), driving target matching expectations anatomical physiological studies. Altogether, this practical toolbox be applied population signals increase selectivity infer flow across

Language: Английский

Citations

7
Brainstem neural mechanisms controlling locomotion with special reference to basal vertebrates DOI Creative Commons

Philippe Lacroix-Ouellette,

Réjean Dubuc

Frontiers in Neural Circuits, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17

Published: March 30, 2023

Over the last 60 years, basic neural circuitry responsible for supraspinal control of locomotion has progressively been uncovered. Initially, significant progress was made in identifying different structures controlling mammals as well some underlying mechanisms. It became clear, however, that complexity mammalian central nervous system (CNS) prevented researchers from characterizing detailed cellular mechanisms involved and animal models with a simpler were needed. Basal vertebrate species such lampreys, xenopus embryos, zebrafish choice. More recently, optogenetic approaches have considerably revived interest models. The mesencephalic locomotor region (MLR) is an important brainstem known to all examined date. controls through intermediary cells hindbrain, reticulospinal neurons (RSNs). MLR comprises populations cholinergic glutamatergic their specific contribution not fully resolved yet. Moreover, downward projections RSNs still understood. Reporting on discoveries models, this review article focuses MLR, its RSNs, these elements locomotion. Excellent reviews recently published emphasis species. present findings basal vertebrates lamprey, help direct new research mammals, including humans.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Granger causality analysis for calcium transients in neuronal networks: challenges and improvements DOI Open Access
Xiaowen Chen, Faustine Ginoux, Thierry Mora

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 29, 2022

One challenge in neuroscience is to understand how information flows between neurons vivo trigger specific behaviors. Granger causality (GC) has been proposed as a simple and effective measure for identifying dynamical interactions. At single-cell resolution however, GC analysis rarely used compared directionless correlation analysis. Here, we study the applicability of calcium imaging data diverse contexts. We first show that despite underlying linearity assumptions, successfully retrieves non-linear interactions synthetic network simulating intracellular fluctuations spiking neurons. highlight potential pitfalls applying on real signals, offer solutions regarding choice parameters. took advantage datasets from motoneurons embryonic zebrafish improved can retrieve true flow. Applied brainstem larval zebrafish, our pipeline reveals strong driver locus mesencephalic locomotor region (MLR), driving target matching expectations anatomical physiological studies. Altogether, this practical toolbox be applied population signals increase selectivity infer flow across

Language: Английский

Citations

1
An early midbrain sensorimotor pathway is involved in the timely initiation and direction of swimming in the hatchling Xenopus laevis tadpole DOI Creative Commons

Michelle Christine Larbi,

Giulia Messa,

Helin Jalal

et al.

Frontiers in Neural Circuits, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: Dec. 21, 2022

Vertebrate locomotion is heavily dependent on descending control originating in the midbrain and subsequently influencing central pattern generators spinal cord. However, neuronal circuitry its connections with other brainstem motor circuits has not been fully elucidated. Vertebrates very simple nervous system, like hatchling Xenopus laevis tadpole, have instrumental unravelling fundamental principles of suspraspinal control. Here, we use behavioral electrophysiological approaches combination lesions to investigate contribution initiation tadpole swimming response trunk skin stimulation. None studied here blocked tadpole’s sustained swim behavior following identified that distinct led significant changes latency trajectory swimming. These could partly be explained by increase synchronous muscle contractions opposite sides body permanent deflection tail from normal position, respectively. We conclude embryonic sensorimotor pathway involves midbrain, which harbors essential significantly contribute appropriate, timely coordinated selection execution locomotion, imperative animal’s survival.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Early midbrain sensorimotor pathway is involved in the timely initiation and direction of swimming in the hatchling Xenopus laevis tadpole DOI Creative Commons

Michelle Christine Larbi,

Giulia Messa,

Helin Jalal

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 26, 2022

Abstract Vertebrate locomotion is heavily dependent on descending control originating in the midbrain and subsequently influencing central pattern generators spinal cord. However, neuronal circuitry its connections with other brainstem motor circuits has not been fully elucidated. Basal vertebrates very simple nervous system, like hatchling Xenopus laevis tadpole, have instrumental unravelling fundamental principles of suspraspinal control. Here, we use behavioral electrophysiological approaches combination lesions to investigate contribution initiation tadpole swimming response trunk skin stimulation. None studied here blocked tadpole’s sustained swim behavior following identified that distinct led significant changes latency trajectory swimming. These could partly be explained by increase synchronous muscle contractions opposite sides body permanent deflection tail from normal position, respectively. Furthermore, ability stop when it bumps head solid objects. We conclude embryonic sensorimotor pathway involves midbrain, which harbors essential significantly contribute appropriate, timely coordinated selection execution locomotion, imperative animal’s survival.

Language: Английский

Citations

0