Neuromorphic hardware for somatosensory neuroprostheses

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 16, 2024

Abstract In individuals with sensory-motor impairments, missing limb functions can be restored using neuroprosthetic devices that directly interface the nervous system. However, restoring natural tactile experience through electrical neural stimulation requires complex encoding strategies. Indeed, they are presently limited in effectively conveying or sensations by bandwidth constraints. Neuromorphic technology, which mimics behavior of neurons and synapses, holds promise for replicating touch, potentially informing neurostimulation design. this perspective, we propose incorporating neuromorphic technologies into neuroprostheses could an effective approach developing more human-machine interfaces, leading to advancements device performance, acceptability, embeddability. We also highlight ongoing challenges required actions facilitate future integration these advanced technologies.

Language: Английский

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Biomimetic computer-to-brain communication enhancing naturalistic touch sensations via peripheral nerve stimulation

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Feb. 20, 2024

Abstract Artificial communication with the brain through peripheral nerve stimulation shows promising results in individuals sensorimotor deficits. However, these efforts lack an intuitive and natural sensory experience. In this study, we design test a biomimetic neurostimulation framework inspired by nature, capable of “writing” physiologically plausible information back into nervous system. Starting from in-silico model mechanoreceptors, develop policies. We then experimentally assess them alongside mechanical touch common linear neuromodulations. Neural responses resulting neuromodulation are consistently transmitted towards dorsal root ganglion spinal cord cats, their spatio-temporal neural dynamics resemble those naturally induced. implement paradigms within bionic device it patients (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT03350061). He report that improves mobility (primary outcome) reduces mental effort (secondary compared to traditional approaches. The outcomes neuroscience-driven technology, human body, may serve as for advancing assistive neurotechnologies.

Language: Английский

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Tactile edges and motion via patterned microstimulation of the human somatosensory cortex

Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 387(6731), P. 315 - 322

Published: Jan. 16, 2025

Intracortical microstimulation (ICMS) of somatosensory cortex evokes tactile sensations whose properties can be systematically manipulated by varying stimulation parameters. However, ICMS currently provides an imperfect sense touch, limiting manual dexterity and experience. Leveraging our understanding how features are encoded in the primary (S1), we sought to inform individuals with paralysis about local geometry apparent motion objects on their skin. We simultaneously delivered through electrodes spatially patterned projected fields (PFs), evoking edges. then created complex PFs that encode arbitrary shapes skin indentation patterns. By delivering spatiotemporally ICMS, evoked sensation across skin, speed direction which could controlled. Thus, improved individuals’ experience use brain-controlled bionic hands.

Language: Английский

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Microstimulation of human somatosensory cortex evokes task-dependent, spatially patterned responses in motor cortex

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Nov. 10, 2023

Abstract The primary motor (M1) and somatosensory (S1) cortices play critical roles in control but the signaling between these structures is poorly understood. To fill this gap, we recorded – three participants an ongoing human clinical trial (NCT01894802) for people with paralyzed hands responses evoked hand arm representations of M1 during intracortical microstimulation (ICMS) representation S1. We found that ICMS S1 activated some neurons at short, fixed latencies consistent monosynaptic activation. Additionally, most ICMS-evoked were more variable time, suggesting indirect effects stimulation. spatial pattern activation varied systematically: electrodes elicited percepts a finger preferentially excited finger’s movement. Moreover, on context dependent, such magnitude even sign relative to baseline across tasks. tested implications brain-control virtual hand, which conveyed tactile feedback. While disrupted decoder performance, disruption was minimized using biomimetic stimulation, emphasizes contact transients onset offset grasp, reduces sustained

Language: Английский

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The state of clinical trials of implantable brain–computer interfaces

Nature Reviews Bioengineering, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 20, 2024

Language: Английский

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Dynamic amplitude modulation of microstimulation evokes biomimetic onset and offset transients and reduces depression of evoked calcium responses in sensory cortices

Brain stimulation, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(3), P. 939 - 965

Published: May 1, 2023

Intracortical microstimulation (ICMS) is an emerging approach to restore sensation people with neurological injury or disease. Biomimetic microstimulation, stimulus trains that mimic neural activity in the brain through encoding of onset and offset transients, could improve utility ICMS for brain-computer interface (BCI) applications, but how biomimetic affects activation not understood. Current "biomimetic" aim reproduce strong transients evoked by sensory input dynamic modulation parameters. Stimulus induced depression (decreases intensity over time) also a potential barrier clinical implementation feedback, may reduce this effect.

Language: Английский

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Tessellation of artificial touch via microstimulation of human somatosensory cortex

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 26, 2023

When we interact with objects, rely on signals from the hand that convey information about object and our interaction it. A basic feature of these interactions, locations contacts between object, is often only available via sense touch. Information contact a brain-controlled bionic an can be signaled intracortical microstimulation (ICMS) somatosensory cortex (S1), which evokes touch sensations are localized to specific patch skin. To provide intuitive location information, tactile sensors robotic drive ICMS through electrodes evoke at skin matching sensor locations. This approach requires ICMS-evoked focal, stable, distributed over hand. systematically investigate localization sensations, analyzed projected fields (PFs) - their spatial extent reports obtained multiple years three participants implanted microelectrode arrays in S1. First, found PFs vary widely size across electrodes, highly stable within electrode, large swaths each participant's hand, increase as amplitude or frequency increases. Second, while PF match receptive (RFs) neurons near stimulating tend subsumed by corresponding RFs. Third, multi-channel stimulation gives rise reflects conjunction component channels. By largely overlapping PFs, then, sensation experienced primarily intersection PFs. assess functional consequence this phenomenon, implemented multichannel ICMS-based feedback demonstrated resulting more localizable than those evoked single-channel ICMS.

Language: Английский

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Evolution, biomechanics, and neurobiology converge to explain selective finger motor control

Physiological Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 104(3), P. 983 - 1020

Published: Feb. 22, 2024

Humans use their fingers to perform a variety of tasks, from simple grasping manipulating objects, typing and playing musical instruments, wider than any other species. The more sophisticated the task, it involves individuated finger movements, those in which one or selected an intended action while motion digits is constrained. Here we review neurobiology such movements. We consider evolutionary origins, extent movements are fact individuated, evolved features neuromuscular control that both enable limit individuation. go on discuss motor combine with individuation create dexterity, impairment by disease, broad capabilities confers humans. comment challenges facing development truly dexterous bionic hand. conclude identifying topics for future investigation will advance our understanding how neural networks interact across multiple regions central nervous system skills humans express cognitive activity.

Language: Английский

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Multiparametric non-linear TENS modulation to integrate intuitive sensory feedback

Journal of Neural Engineering, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 20(3), P. 036026 - 036026

Published: May 12, 2023

Objective. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) has been recently introduced in neurorehabilitation and neuroprosthetics as a promising, non-invasive sensory feedback restoration alternative to implantable neurostimulation. Yet, the adopted paradigms are typically based on single-parameter modulations (e.g. pulse amplitude (PA), pulse-width (PW) or frequency (PF)). They elicit artificial sensations characterized by low intensity resolution few perceived levels), naturalness intuitiveness, hindering acceptance of this technology. To address these issues, we designed novel multiparametric paradigms, featuring simultaneous modulation multiple parameters, implemented them real-time tests performance when exploited inputs.Approach. We initially investigated contribution PW PF variations sensation magnitude through discrimination tests. Then, three comparing with standard linear terms evoked intensity. The most performant were then Virtual Reality-TENS platform assess their ability provide intuitive somatosensory functional task.Main results. Our study highlighted strong negative correlation between intensity: less intense usually deemed more similar natural touch. In addition, observed that changes have different weight As result, adapted activation charge rate (ACR) equation, proposed for neurostimulation predict while co-modulating per pulse, TENS (ACRT). ACRTallowed design same absolute Although not reported natural, paradigm, sinusoidal modulation, resulted being subconsciously integrated than one. This allowed subjects achieve faster accurate performance.Significance. findings suggest TENS-based, neurostimulation, despite consciously naturally, can information, functionally proved. could be encoding strategies able improve technologies.

Language: Английский

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A roadmap for implanting microelectrode arrays to evoke tactile sensations through intracortical microstimulation

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 28, 2024

Abstract Intracortical microstimulation (ICMS) is a method for restoring sensation to people with paralysis as part of bidirectional brain-computer interface restore upper limb function. Evoking tactile sensations the hand through ICMS requires precise targeting implanted electrodes. Here we describe presurgical imaging procedures used generate functional maps area somatosensory cortex and subsequent planning that guided implantation intracortical microelectrode arrays. In five participants cervical spinal cord injury, across two study locations, this procedure successfully enabled ICMS-evoked localized at least first four digits hand. The developed clinical trial provide roadmap other studies ensure successful placement stimulation

Language: Английский

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