The behavioral relevance of a modular organization in the lateral habenula

Neuron, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 112(16), P. 2669 - 2685

Published: May 20, 2024

Behavioral strategies for survival rely on the updates brain continuously makes based surrounding environment. External stimuli—neutral, positive, and negative—relay core information to brain, where a complex anatomical network rapidly organizes actions, including approach or escape, regulates emotions. Human neuroimaging physiology in nonhuman primates, rodents, teleosts suggest pivotal role of lateral habenula translating external into behaviors. Here, we review literature describing how discrete habenular modules—reflecting molecular signatures, connectivity, functional components—are recruited by environmental stimuli cooperate prompt specific behavioral outcomes. We argue that integration these findings context valence processing reinforcing discouraging behaviors is necessary, offering compelling model guide future work.

Language: Английский

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The Genomic Intersection of Oligodendrocyte Dynamics in Schizophrenia and Aging Unravels Novel Pathological Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potentials

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(8), P. 4452 - 4452

Published: April 18, 2024

Schizophrenia is a significant worldwide health concern, affecting over 20 million individuals and contributing to potential reduction in life expectancy by up 14.5 years. Despite its profound impact, the precise pathological mechanisms underlying schizophrenia continue remain enigmatic, with previous research yielding diverse occasionally conflicting findings. Nonetheless, one consistently observed phenomenon brain imaging studies of patients disruption white matter, bundles myelinated axons that provide connectivity rapid signalling between regions. Myelin produced specialised glial cells known as oligodendrocytes, which have been shown be disrupted post-mortem analyses patients. Oligodendrocytes are generated throughout major population oligodendrocyte progenitor (OPC), essential for matter plasticity. Notably, decline specific subpopulation OPC has identified principal factor loss aging brain, suggesting this may also schizophrenia. In review, we analysed genomic databases pinpoint intersections identify shared cognitive dysfunction.

Language: Английский

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Spatially-resolved molecular sex differences at single cell resolution in the adult human hypothalamus

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 9, 2024

Abstract The hypothalamus contains multiple regions, including the ventromedial (VMH) and arcuate (ARC), which are responsible for sex-differentiated functions such as endocrine signaling, metabolism, reproductive behaviors. While molecular, anatomic, features of rodent well-established, much less is known about these regions in humans. Here we provide a spatially-resolved single cell atlas sex-differentially expressed (sex-DE) genes human VMH ARC. We identify neuronal populations governing hypothalamus-specific functions, define their spatial distributions, show increased retinoid pathway gene expression compared to rodents. Within ARC, find correlated autosomal differences localized ESR1/TAC3 -expressing CRHR2 neurons, extensive sex-DE linked sex-biased disorders autism, depression, schizophrenia. Our molecular mapping disease associations hypothalamic types with established roles sex-divergent physiology behavior provides insights into mechanistic bases sex bias neurodevelopmental neuropsychiatric disorders.

Language: Английский

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Genetic and Transgenic Strategies to Study Zebrafish Brain Asymmetry and Behavior

Neuromethods, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 665 - 703

Published: Dec. 11, 2024

Language: Английский

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