Extremely Low Forces Induce Extreme Axon Growth

Journal of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 40(26), P. 4997 - 5007

Published: May 22, 2020

Stretch-growth has been defined as a process that extends axons via the application of mechanical forces. In present article, we used protocol based on magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) for labeling entire axon tract hippocampal neurons, and an external field gradient to generate dragging force. We found forces below 10 pN induces growth at rate 0.66 ± 0.02 µm h⁻¹ pN⁻¹. Calcium imaging confirmed strong increase in elongation rate, comparison with condition tip-growth. Enhanced stretched was also accompanied by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) accumulation and, accordingly, it blocked inhibition translation. stimulate axonal branching, glutamatergic synaptic transmission, neuronal excitability. Moreover, showed increased microtubule (MT) density MT assembly key sustaining stretch-growth, suggesting possible role tensile translocation/assembly. Additionally, our data do not respond BDNF signaling, interference between two pathways. As these extremely low are physiologically relevant, stretch-growth could be important endogenous mechanism growth, potential designing novel strategies regrowth. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Axon involves motion, motion is driven The cone (GC) itself can very intracellular inducing drastic cytoskeleton remodeling, response signaling molecules. Here, investigated force regulator outgrowth, which neglected decades because lack methodologies investigate topic. Our results indicate critical promoting facilitating polymerization.

Language: Английский

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Calcium Signaling in Brain Cancers: Roles and Therapeutic Targeting

Cancers, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 11(2), P. 145 - 145

Published: Jan. 26, 2019

Calcium signaling, in addition to its numerous physiological roles, is also implicated several pathological conditions including cancer. An increasing body of evidence suggest critical roles calcium signaling the promotion different aspects cancer, cell proliferation, therapy resistance and metastatic-related processes. In many cases, this associated with altered expression and/or activity some channels pumps. Brain cancers have been subject these studies. diverse signals normal brain function, a number proteins involved transport are specific gliomas, medulloblastoma, neuroblastoma meningioma. This review discusses research that has conducted so far understand Ca2+-transporting progression cancers, as well any attempts target towards therapeutic approach for control cancers. Finally, knowledge gaps field may need be further considered discussed.

Language: Английский

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Functional maturation of human neural stem cells in a 3D bioengineered brain model enriched with fetal brain-derived matrix

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: Nov. 29, 2019

Abstract Brain extracellular matrix (ECM) is often overlooked in vitro brain tissue models, despite its instructive roles during development. Using developmental stage-sourced ECM reproducible 3D bioengineered culture systems, we demonstrate enhanced functional differentiation of human induced neural stem cells (hiNSCs) into healthy neurons and astrocytes. Particularly, fetal tissue-derived supported long-term maintenance differentiated neurons, demonstrated by morphology, gene expression secretome profiling. Astrocytes were evident within the second month differentiation, reactive astrogliosis was inhibited ECM-enriched cultures when compared to unsupplemented cultures. Functional maturation hiNSCs confirmed calcium signaling spectral/cluster analysis. Additionally, study identified native biochemical cues decellularized with notable comparisons between adult brain-derived ECMs. The development novel brain-specific biomaterials for generating mature models provides an important path forward interrogation neuron-glia interactions.

Language: Английский

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Directed Neural Stem Cells Differentiation via Signal Communication with Ni–Zn Micromotors

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 35(35)

Published: July 5, 2023

Neural stem cells (NSCs), with the capability of self-renewal, differentiation, and environment modulation, are considered promising for stroke, brain injury therapy, neuron regeneration. Activation endogenous NSCs, is attracting increasing research enthusiasm, which avoids immune rejection ethical issues exogenous cell transplantation. Yet, how to induce directed growth differentiation in situ remain a major challenge. In this study, pure water-driven Ni-Zn micromotor via self-established electric-chemical field proposed. The micromotors can be magnetically guided precisely approach target NSCs. Through field, bioelectrical signal exchange communication NSCs allowed, thus allowing regulated proliferation vivo. Therefore, provides platform controlling fate electrochemical targeted activation

Language: Английский

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Roles of the calcium sensing receptor in the central nervous system

Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 27(3), P. 429 - 442

Published: April 16, 2013

Language: Английский

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