Genes & Development,
Journal Year:
2009,
Volume and Issue:
23(18), P. 2124 - 2133
Published: Sept. 15, 2009
Genomic
imprinting
refers
to
an
epigenetic
mark
that
distinguishes
parental
alleles
and
results
in
a
monoallelic,
parental-specific
expression
pattern
mammals.
Few
phenomena
nature
depend
more
on
mechanisms
while
at
the
same
time
evading
them.
The
of
imprinted
genes
are
marked
epigenetically
discrete
elements
termed
control
regions
(ICRs)
with
their
origin
gametes
through
use
DNA
methylation,
very
least.
Imprinted
gene
is
subsequently
maintained
using
noncoding
RNAs,
histone
modifications,
insulators,
higher-order
chromatin
structure.
Avoidance
manifest
when
evade
genome-wide
reprogramming
occurs
after
fertilization
remain
origin.
This
review
summarizes
what
known
about
establishment
maintenance
marks
discusses
clusters.
Additionally,
evolution
clusters
described.
While
considerable
information
regarding
has
been
obtained
recently,
much
remains
be
learned.
Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology,
Journal Year:
2016,
Volume and Issue:
8(9), P. a019505 - a019505
Published: May 18, 2016
Stephen
B.
Baylin1
and
Peter
A.
Jones2
1Cancer
Biology
Program,
Johns
Hopkins
University,
School
of
Medicine,
Baltimore,
Maryland
21287
2Van
Andel
Research
Institute,
Grand
Rapids,
Michigan
49503
Correspondence:
sbaylin{at}jhmi.edu
Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology,
Journal Year:
2014,
Volume and Issue:
6(5), P. a019133 - a019133
Published: May 1, 2014
En
Li1
and
Yi
Zhang2
1China
Novartis
Institutes
for
BioMedical
Research,
Pudong
New
Area,
Shanghai
201203,
China
2Boston
Children's
Hospital,
Harvard
Medical
School,
Boston,
Massachusetts
02115
Correspondence:
en.li{at}novartis.com
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology,
Journal Year:
2014,
Volume and Issue:
2
Published: Sept. 9, 2014
Epigenetics
has
the
potential
to
explain
various
biological
phenomena
that
have
heretofore
defied
complete
explication.
This
review
describes
types
of
endogenous
human
developmental
milestones
such
as
birth,
puberty,
and
menopause,
well
diverse
exogenous
environmental
factors
influence
health,
in
a
chronological
epigenetic
context.
We
describe
entire
course
life
from
periconception
death
chronologically
note
all
internal
timepoints
external
epigenome.
Ultimately,
environment
presents
these
individual
epigenome,
unique
genetic
profile
each
also
modulates
specific
response
factors.
During
life,
we
are
exposed
an
abounds
with
potent
dynamic
milieu
capable
triggering
chemical
changes
activate
or
silence
genes.
There
is
constant
interaction
between
environments
required
for
normal
development
health
maintenance
influencing
disease
load
resistance.
For
example,
exposure
pharmaceutical
toxic
chemicals,
diet,
stress,
exercise,
other
eliciting
positive
negative
modifications
lasting
effects
on
development,
metabolism
health.
These
can
impact
body
so
profoundly
permanently
alter
individual.
present
comprehensive
new
hypothesis
how
cause
both
direct
indirect
this
knowledge
ultimately
be
used
improve
personalized
medicine.
Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology,
Journal Year:
2016,
Volume and Issue:
8(2), P. a019497 - a019497
Published: Feb. 1, 2016
Huda
Y.
Zoghbi1,2
and
Arthur
L.
Beaudet2
1Howard
Hughes
Medical
Institute,
Baylor
College
of
Medicine,
Jan
Dan
Duncan
Neurological
Research
Institute
at
Texas
Children's
Hospital,
Houston,
77030
2Department
Molecular
Human
Genetics,
Correspondence:
hzoghbi{at}bcm.edu
Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology,
Journal Year:
2015,
Volume and Issue:
7(8), P. a019323 - a019323
Published: Aug. 1, 2015
Robert
Martienssen1
and
Danesh
Moazed2
1Cold
Spring
Harbor
Laboratory,
Cold
Harbor,
New
York
11724
2Department
of
Cell
Biology,
Harvard
Medical
School,
Boston,
Massachusetts
02115-5730
Correspondence:
danesh{at}hms.harvard.edu
Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology,
Journal Year:
2015,
Volume and Issue:
7(10), P. a019356 - a019356
Published: Oct. 1, 2015
Job
Dekker1
and
Tom
Misteli2
1University
of
Massachusetts
Medical
School,
Worcester,
01605
2National
Cancer
Institute,
National
Institutes
Health,
Bethesda,
Maryland
20892
Correspondence:
mistelit{at}mail.nih.gov
Annual Review of Genetics,
Journal Year:
2011,
Volume and Issue:
45(1), P. 379 - 403
Published: March 2, 2011
Genomic
imprinting
is
an
epigenetic
process
leading
to
parental-specific
expression
of
one
two
percent
mammalian
genes
that
offers
the
best
model
systems
for
a
molecular
analysis
regulation
in
development
and
disease.
In
twenty
years
since
first
imprinted
gene
was
identified,
this
has
had
significant
impact
on
decoding
information
mammals.
So
far
it
led
discovery
long-range
cis-acting
control
elements
whose
state
regulates
small
clusters
unusual
macro
noncoding
RNAs
(ncRNAs)
directly
repress
cis,
critically,
demonstrated
biological
role
DNA
methylation
allow
normally
repressed
by
default.
This
review
describes
progress
understanding
how
protein-coding
are
silenced;
particular,
focuses
ncRNAs
have
broad
relevance
as
potential
new
layer
regulatory
genome.
