Evidence for an Age-Dependent Decline in Axon Regeneration in the Adult Mammalian Central Nervous System DOI Creative Commons
Cédric G. Geoffroy, Brett J. Hilton, Wolfram Tetzlaff

et al.

Cell Reports, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 238 - 246

Published: April 1, 2016

How aging impacts axon regeneration after CNS injury is not known. We assessed the impact of age on induced by Pten deletion in corticospinal and rubrospinal neurons, two neuronal populations with distinct innate regenerative abilities. As young mice, older mice remains effective preventing axotomy-induced decline neuron-intrinsic growth state, as mTOR activity, soma size, axonal proximal to a spinal cord injury. However, distal greatly diminished, accompanied increased expression astroglial inflammatory markers at site. Thus, mammalian undergoes an age-dependent regeneration, revealed when state elevated. These results have important implications for developing strategies promote repair injuries or diseases, which increasingly affect middle-aged populations.

Language: Английский

Intrinsic Control of Axon Regeneration DOI Creative Commons
Zhigang He, Yishi Jin

Neuron, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 90(3), P. 437 - 451

Published: May 1, 2016

Language: Английский

Citations

558

A deep learning approach for Parkinson’s disease diagnosis from EEG signals DOI
Shu Lih Oh, Yuki Hagiwara, U. Raghavendra

et al.

Neural Computing and Applications, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 32(15), P. 10927 - 10933

Published: Aug. 30, 2018

Language: Английский

Citations

527

Glial Cells and Their Function in the Adult Brain: A Journey through the History of Their Ablation DOI Creative Commons
Sarah Jäkel, Leda Dimou

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Feb. 13, 2017

Glial cells, consisting of microglia, astrocytes and oligodendrocyte lineage cells as their major components, constitute a large fraction the mammalian brain. Originally considered purely non-functional glue for neurons, decades research have highlighted importance well further functions glial cells. Although many aspects these are characterized nowadays, different populations in brain under both physiological pathological conditions remain, at least to certain extent, unresolved. To tackle important questions, broad range depletion approaches been developed which or (i.e. NG2-glia oligodendrocytes) specifically ablated from adult network with subsequent analysis consequences. As very heterogeneous, it is imperative ablate single cell instead inducing death all general. Thanks modern genetic manipulation methods, can now directly be targeted type interest making ablation more specific compared general that used earlier on. In this review we will give detailed summary on studies, focusing mouse central nervous system (CNS) functional readouts. We also provide an outlook how could exploited future.

Language: Английский

Citations

439

Neuroinflammation in the central nervous system: Symphony of glial cells DOI

Qiaoqiao Yang,

Jiawei Zhou

Glia, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 67(6), P. 1017 - 1035

Published: Dec. 11, 2018

Abstract Neuroinflammation in the central nervous system (CNS) is an important subject of neuroimmunological research. Emerging evidence suggests that neuroinflammation a key player various neurological disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases and CNS injury. complex well‐orchestrated process by groups glial cells peripheral immune cells. The cross‐talks between extremely dynamic which resembles symphony. However, understanding how interact with each other to shape distinctive responses remains limited. In this review, we will discuss joint actions three phases neuroinflammation, initiation, progression, prognosis, movements symphony, as role type depends on nature inflammatory cues specific course diseases. This perspective might provide helpful clues development early diagnosis therapeutic intervention

Language: Английский

Citations

406

The soft mechanical signature of glial scars in the central nervous system DOI Creative Commons
Emad Moeendarbary,

Isabell P. Weber,

Graham K. Sheridan

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: March 20, 2017

Abstract Injury to the central nervous system (CNS) alters molecular and cellular composition of neural tissue leads glial scarring, which inhibits regrowth damaged axons. Mammalian scars supposedly form a chemical mechanical barrier neuronal regeneration. While tremendous effort has been devoted identifying characteristics scar, very little is known about its properties. Here we characterize spatiotemporal changes elastic stiffness injured rat neocortex spinal cord at 1.5 three weeks post-injury using atomic force microscopy. In contrast in other mammalian tissues, CNS significantly softens after injury. Expression levels intermediate filaments (GFAP, vimentin) extracellular matrix components (laminin, collagen IV) correlate with softening. As regulator growth, our results may help understand why neurons do not regenerate

Language: Английский

Citations

352

Rat models of spinal cord injury: from pathology to potential therapies DOI Creative Commons
Jacob Kjell, Lar̀s Olson

Disease Models & Mechanisms, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 9(10), P. 1125 - 1137

Published: Oct. 1, 2016

ABSTRACT A long-standing goal of spinal cord injury research is to develop effective repair strategies for the clinic. Rat models provide an important mammalian model in which evaluate treatment and understand pathological basis injuries. These have facilitated development robust tests assessing recovery locomotor sensory functions. also allowed us how neuronal circuitry changes following could be promoted by enhancing spontaneous regenerative mechanisms counteracting intrinsic inhibitory factors. studies revealed possible routes rescuing cells acute stage injury. Spatiotemporal functional these highlight therapeutic potential manipulating inflammation, scarring myelination. In addition, replacement therapies injury, including grafts bridges, stem primarily from rat studies. Here, we discuss advantages disadvantages experimental summarize knowledge gained models. We emerging understanding different forms their pathology degree has inspired numerous strategies, some led clinical trials.

Language: Английский

Citations

347

Reducing Pericyte-Derived Scarring Promotes Recovery after Spinal Cord Injury DOI Creative Commons
David O. Dias, Hoseok Kim, Daniel Holl

et al.

Cell, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 173(1), P. 153 - 165.e22

Published: March 1, 2018

CNS injury often severs axons. Scar tissue that forms locally at the lesion site is thought to block axonal regeneration, resulting in permanent functional deficits. We report inhibiting generation of progeny by a subclass pericytes led decreased fibrosis and extracellular matrix deposition after spinal cord mice. Regeneration raphespinal corticospinal tract axons was enhanced sensorimotor function recovery improved following animals with attenuated pericyte-derived scarring. Using optogenetic stimulation, we demonstrate regenerated integrated into local circuitry below site. The number correlated recovery. In conclusion, attenuation represents promising therapeutic approach facilitate injury.

Language: Английский

Citations

325

Central Nervous System Regenerative Failure: Role of Oligodendrocytes, Astrocytes, and Microglia DOI Open Access
Jerry Silver, Martin E. Schwab, Phillip G. Popovich

et al.

Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 7(3), P. a020602 - a020602

Published: Dec. 4, 2014

Jerry Silver1, Martin E. Schwab2 and Phillip G. Popovich3 1Department of Neurosciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44140 2Brain Research Institute, University Zurich Department Health Sciences Technology, ETH Zurich, 8057 Switzerland 3Center for Brain Spinal Cord Repair, State Columbus, 43210 Correspondence: phillip.popovich{at}osumc.edu

Language: Английский

Citations

311

Cortico–reticulo–spinal circuit reorganization enables functional recovery after severe spinal cord contusion DOI
Léonie Asboth,

Lucia Friedli,

Janine Beauparlant

et al.

Nature Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 21(4), P. 576 - 588

Published: March 19, 2018

Language: Английский

Citations

285

The translational landscape in spinal cord injury: focus on neuroplasticity and regeneration DOI
Thomas H. Hutson, Simone Di Giovanni

Nature Reviews Neurology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 15(12), P. 732 - 745

Published: Nov. 14, 2019

Language: Английский

Citations

262