Total synthesis of colloidal matter

Nature Reviews Materials, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 6(11), P. 1053 - 1069

Published: June 2, 2021

Language: Английский

---

Electro‐Sorting Create Heterogeneity: Constructing A Multifunctional Janus Film with Integrated Compositional and Microstructural Gradients for Guided Bone Regeneration

Advanced Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(12)

Published: Jan. 15, 2024

Abstract Biology remains the envy of flexible soft matter fabrication because it can satisfy multiple functional needs by organizing a small set proteins and polysaccharides into hierarchical systems with controlled heterogeneity in composition microstructure. Here, is reported that controlled, mild electronic inputs (<10 V; <20 min) induce homogeneous gelatin‐chitosan mixture to undergo sorting bottom‐up self‐assembly Janus film compositional gradient (i.e., from chitosan‐enriched layer chitosan/gelatin‐contained layer) tunable dense‐porous microstructures (e.g., porosity, pore size, ratio dense porous layers). This performs shown functions for guided bone regeneration: integration microstructural features confers mechanics, asymmetric properties interfacial wettability, molecular transport (directional growth factor release), cellular responses (prevents fibroblast infiltration but promotes osteoblast differentiation). Overall, this work demonstrates versatility electrofabrication customized manufacturing matter.

Language: Английский

---

Nanocrystal Assemblies: Current Advances and Open Problems

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18(23), P. 14791 - 14840

Published: May 30, 2024

We explore the potential of nanocrystals (a term used equivalently to nanoparticles) as building blocks for nanomaterials, and current advances open challenges fundamental science developments applications. Nanocrystal assemblies are inherently multiscale, generation revolutionary material properties requires a precise understanding relationship between structure function, former being determined by classical effects latter often quantum effects. With an emphasis on theory computation, we discuss that hamper assembly strategies what extent nanocrystal represent thermodynamic equilibrium or kinetically trapped metastable states. also examine dynamic optimization protocols. Finally, promising functions examples their realization with assemblies.

Language: Английский

---

Equilibrium mechanisms of self-limiting assembly

Reviews of Modern Physics, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 93(2)

Published: June 11, 2021

Self-assembly is a ubiquitous process in synthetic and biological systems, broadly defined as the spontaneous organization of multiple subunits (e.g. macromolecules, particles) into ordered multi-unit structures. The vast majority equilibrium assembly processes give rise to two states: one consisting dispersed disassociated subunits, other, bulk-condensed state unlimited size. This review focuses on more specialized class self-limiting assembly, which describes resulting finite-size These systems pose generic basic question, how do thermodynamic involving non-covalent interactions between identical "measure" select size assembled structures? In this review, we begin with an introduction statistical mechanical framework for thermodynamics, use highlight key physical ingredients that ensure will terminate at finite dimensions. Then, introduce examples classify them within based broad categories: self-closing assemblies open-boundary assemblies. include well-known cases biology soft matter - micellization amphiphiles shell/tubule formation tapered well less widely known classes assemblies, such short-range attractive/long-range repulsive geometrically-frustrated For each these mechanisms, describe mechanisms size, potential limitations selection. Finally, discuss alternative draw contrasts size-control can achieve relative self-limitation equilibrium, single-species

Language: Английский

---

Supersolid Phases of Bosonic Particles in a Bubble Trap

Physical Review Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 132(2)

Published: Jan. 8, 2024

Confinement can have a considerable effect on the behavior of particle systems and is therefore an effective way to discover new phenomena. A notable example system identical bosons at low temperature under external field mimicking isotropic bubble trap, which constrains particles portion space close spherical surface. Using path integral Monte Carlo simulations, we examine spatial structure superfluid fraction in two emblematic cases. First, look soft-core bosons, finding existence supersolid cluster arrangements with polyhedral symmetry; show how different numbers clusters are stabilized depending trap radius mass, characterize phases. detailed comparison classical provided too. Then, case, more immediate experimental interest, dipolar condensate sphere, demonstrating quasi-one-dimensional formed great circle for realistic values density interaction parameters. Crucially, this phase only slightly disturbed by gravity. We argue that predicted phases be revealed magnetic traps spherical-shell geometry, possibly even lab Earth. Our results pave future simulation studies correlated quantum curved geometries.

Language: Английский

---

Design Principles for Fast and Efficient Self-Assembly Processes

Physical Review X, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(2)

Published: April 3, 2024

Self-assembly is a fundamental concept in biology and of significant interest to nanotechnology. Significant progress has been made characterizing controlling the properties resulting structures, both experimentally theoretically. However, much less known about kinetic constraints determinants dynamical like time efficiency, although these can become severe limiting factors self-assembly processes. Here, we investigate how efficiency other reversible depend on morphology (shape) building blocks for systems which binding energy between constituents large. As paradigmatic examples, stochastically simulate with triangular, square, hexagonal into two-dimensional structures specified size. We find that constituents’ critically determines assembly it scales size target structure. Our analysis reveals three key structural parameters defined by morphology: nucleation attachment order, describe effective order chemical reactions clusters nucleate grow, respectively, growth exponent, rate an emerging structure its Using this characterization, formulate theory kinetics, show exhibits inherent scale invariance. This allows us identify general scaling laws minimal as function insights kinetics processes be used design schemes could significantly increase robustness artificial Published American Physical Society 2024

Language: Английский

---

Assembly of Complex Colloidal Systems Using DNA

Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1), P. 443 - 463

Published: March 10, 2025

Nearly thirty years after its inception, the field of DNA-programmed colloidal self-assembly has begun to realize initial promise. In this review, we summarize recent developments in designing effective interactions and understanding dynamic pathways DNA-coated nanoparticles microparticles, as well how these advances have propelled tremendous progress crystal engineering. We also highlight exciting new directions showing that classes subunits combining with DNA origami can be used engineer novel multicomponent assemblies, including structures self-limiting, finite sizes. conclude by providing an outlook on theoretical focusing kinetics could usher materials-design opportunities, like possibility retrieving multiple distinct target from a single suspension or accessing materials are stabilized energy dissipation, mimicking living systems.

Language: Английский

---

Relative humidity in droplet and airborne transmission of disease

Journal of Biological Physics, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 47(1), P. 1 - 29

Published: Feb. 10, 2021

A large number of infectious diseases are transmitted by respiratory droplets. How long these droplets persist in the air, how far they can travel, and pathogens might carry survive all decisive factors for spread droplet-borne diseases. The subject is extremely multifaceted its aspects range across different disciplines, yet most them have only seldom been considered physics community. In this review, we discuss physical principles that govern fate any viruses trapped inside them, with a focus on role relative humidity. Importantly, low humidity-as encountered, instance, indoors during winter aircraft-facilitates evaporation keeps even initially suspended air as aerosol extended periods time. What more, humidity affects stability through several mechanisms such efflorescence inactivation at air-water interface, whose virus nonetheless remains poorly understood. Elucidating droplet disease would permit us to design preventive measures could aid reducing chance transmission, particularly indoor environment.

Language: Английский

---

Geometrically programmed self-limited assembly of tubules using DNA origami colloids

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 119(43)

Published: Oct. 17, 2022

Self-assembly is one of the most promising strategies for making functional materials at nanoscale, yet new design principles self-limiting architectures, rather than spatially unlimited periodic lattice structures, are needed. To address this challenge, we explore tradeoffs between addressable assembly and self-closing a specific class structures: cylindrical tubules. We make triangular subunits using DNA origami that have specific, valence-limited interactions designed binding angles, study their into tubules self-limited width much larger size an individual subunit. In simplest case, assembled from single component by geometrically programming dihedral angles neighboring subunits. show can reach many micrometers in length average be prescribed through angles. find there distribution chirality tubules, which rationalize developing model considers finite bending rigidity structure as well mechanism self-closure. Finally, demonstrate distributions further sculpted increasing number subunit species, thereby complexity, two species successfully reduces available end states half. These results help to shed light on roles complexity geometry could extended other such shells, toroids, or triply frameworks.

Language: Английский

---

Self-assembly coupled to liquid-liquid phase separation

PLoS Computational Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 19(5), P. e1010652 - e1010652

Published: May 15, 2023

Liquid condensate droplets with distinct compositions of proteins and nucleic acids are widespread in biological cells. While it is known that such droplets, or compartments, can regulate irreversible protein aggregation, their effect on reversible self-assembly remains largely unexplored. In this article, we use kinetic theory solution thermodynamics to investigate the liquid-liquid phase separation structures well-defined sizes architectures. We find that, when assembling subunits preferentially partition into liquid robustness against traps maximum achievable assembly rates be significantly increased. particular, both range conditions leading productive corresponding increase by orders magnitude. analyze rate equation predictions using simple scaling estimates identify effects as a function relevant control parameters. These results may elucidate processes underlie normal cellular functions pathogenesis, suggest strategies for designing efficient bottom-up nanomaterials applications.

Language: Английский

---