Species selection under long‐term experimental warming and drought explained by climatic distributions

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 217(4), P. 1494 - 1506

Published: Dec. 4, 2017

Summary Global warming and reduced precipitation may trigger large‐scale species losses vegetation shifts in ecosystems around the world. However, currently lacking are practical ways to quantify sensitivity of community composition these often‐confounded climatic forces. Here we conducted long‐term (16 yr) nocturnal‐warming (+0.6°C) (−20% soil moisture) experiments a Mediterranean shrubland. Climatic niche groups ( CNG s) – ranked or classified by similar temperature distributions informatively described responses under experimental manipulations. Under warming, s revealed that only those distributed cooler regions decreased. Correspondingly, precipitation, U‐shaped treatment effect observed total was result an abrupt decrease wet‐distributed species, followed delayed increase dry‐distributed species. Notably, while partially correlated, explanations response were stronger for their respective climate parameter, suggesting some possess specific adaptations either drought lead independent selection two variables. Our findings indicate when combined with experiments, resulting incorporation local plant evolutionary strategies changing dynamics over time leads predictable informative structure change scenarios.

Language: Английский

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Combined Grazing and Drought Stress Alter the Outcome of Nurse: Beneficiary Interactions in a Semi-arid Ecosystem

Ecosystems, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 22(6), P. 1295 - 1307

Published: Feb. 4, 2019

Positive interspecific plant–plant interactions in (semi-)arid ecosystems are crucial for supporting ecosystem diversity and stability, but how respond to grazing combined with temporal variation drought is poorly understood. In a semi-arid area south-eastern Spain (Murcia region), we planted 1280 saplings of the palatable shrub Anthyllis cytisoides (beneficiary) under canopy unpalatable Artemisia herba-alba (nurse) or open microsites between patches. We applied four treatments (no grazing, low goat pressure, high pressure rabbit grazing) two watering treatments. Sapling height survival were followed consecutive years, during which one extreme event occurred. analysed their combination affected nurse effects throughout course study. Grazing event, not watering, significantly altered effects. Under ungrazed conditions prior on sapling neutral, whereas they positive at rabbit-grazed plots. At growth was higher shrubs than microsites. However, after plots, shifted from neutral. Our findings highlight importance determining direction arid ecosystems. Moreover, our support idea that may wane stress.

Language: Английский

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N enrichment, increased precipitation, and the effect of shrubs collectively shape the plant community in a desert ecosystem in northern China

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 716, P. 135379 - 135379

Published: Nov. 21, 2019

Language: Английский

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Bioclimatic transect networks: Powerful observatories of ecological change

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 7(13), P. 4607 - 4619

Published: May 19, 2017

Abstract Transects that traverse substantial climate gradients are important tools for change research and allow questions on the extent to which phenotypic variation associates with climate, link between species distributions, in sensitivity among biomes be addressed. However, potential limitations of individual transect studies have recently been highlighted. Here, we argue replicating networking transects, along introduction experimental treatments, addresses these concerns. Transect networks provide cost‐effective robust insights into ecological evolutionary adaptation improve forecasting ecosystem change. We draw experience facilitated by Australian Network demonstrate our case, examples, clarify how population‐ community‐level can integrated observations from multiple manipulative experiments, genomics, modeling gain novel systems respond This integration a spatiotemporal understanding past future climate‐induced changes, will inform effective management actions promoting biodiversity resilience.

Language: Английский

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The effect of consumer pressure and abiotic stress on positive plant interactions are mediated by extreme climatic events

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 217(1), P. 140 - 150

Published: Sept. 25, 2017

Summary Environmental extremes resulting from a changing climate can have profound implications for plant interactions in desert communities. Positive buffer communities abiotic stress and consumer pressure caused by climatic extremes, but limited research has explored this empirically. We tested the hypothesis that mechanism of shrub facilitation on an annual community change with precipitation deserts. During years extreme drought above‐average rainfall desert, we measured biomass while manipulating soil moisture gradient reducing pressure. Shrubs facilitated at all levels through reductions microclimatic both herbivore protection wet year only. Shrub high contributed to dominance competitive species community. Precipitation patterns deserts determine magnitude type mechanisms. Moreover, mediates interspecific competition within associated between different amounts. Examining multiple drivers during events is challenging area research, it necessary consideration given forecasts predicting these will increase frequency magnitude.

Language: Английский

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