Journal of soil science and plant nutrition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Dec. 27, 2024
Language: Английский
Ecological Applications, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 32(5)
Published: March 28, 2022
Growing evidence suggests that conservation agricultural practices, like no-till and cover crops, help protect annual crops from insect pests by supporting populations of resident arthropod predators. While adoption practices is growing, most field crop producers are also using more insecticides, including neonicotinoid seed coatings, as insurance against early-season pests. This tactic may disrupt benefits associated with reducing arthropods contribute to biological control. We investigated the interaction between preventive pest management (PPM) practice cropping. an alternative approach, integrated (IPM), which responds risk, rather than insecticides prophylactically. In a 3-year corn (Zea mays L.)-soy (Glycine max L.) rotation, we measured response invertebrate predators PPM IPM without crop. Using any insecticide provided some small reduction plant damage in soy, but no yield benefit. corn, vegetative early season was key density damage, likely increasing abundance Further, year 1 decreased predation compared no-pest-management Contrary our expectation, strategy, required just one application, disruptive predator community PPM, because applied pyrethroid acutely toxic wider range neonicotinoids. Promoting effective at either intervention-based strategy. Our results suggest best outcomes occur when control encouraged planting avoiding broad-spectrum much possible. As part conservation-based approach farming, can promote natural-enemy provide populations.
Language: Английский
Citations
23
Ecology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 104(5)
Published: March 9, 2023
Abstract Resource quantity and quality can differ between adjacent ecosystems, these differences impact subsidies exchanged ecosystems. The of are rapidly changing in response to stressors associated with global environmental change, but while we have models predict the effects changes subsidy quantity, currently lack on recipient ecosystem functioning. We developed a novel model biomass distribution, recycling, production, efficiency. parameterized for case study riparian subsidized by pulsed emergent aquatic insects. In this focused common measure that differs ecosystems: higher content long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) analyzed how PUFA concentration affect dynamics stocks functions ecosystem. also conducted sensitivity analysis identify key drivers impacts. Our showed increased functioning Recycling more strongly than production per unit increase, meaning there was threshold where an increase led stronger recycling relative predictions were most sensitive basal nutrient input, highlighting relevance levels understanding connections. argue ecosystems rely high‐quality subsidies, such as aquatic–terrestrial ecotones, highly subsidy–recipient unifies hypothesis food provides testable understand connections under changes.
Language: Английский
Citations
15
Journal of Applied Ecology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 58(7), P. 1455 - 1465
Published: March 8, 2021
Abstract Biological control by natural enemies is a valuable ecosystem service. The predator community in crop field combination of predators dwelling the and those moving into it from surrounding landscape. former mainly affected management, latter more composition Yet, separate combined effects local landscape management on pest suppression have seldom been investigated. We set‐up mesocosms within an existing long‐term agricultural experiment to investigate organic manure or inorganic mineral fertilisation, simulated spillover different types: no predators, generalist (wolf spiders) specialist (ladybirds). examined whether aphid density was driven top‐down bottom‐up processes under fertilisation treatments, how magnitude composition. found positive synergistic between growth. Top‐down aphids effective presence Bottom‐up plant biomass growth dominated inorganically fertilised plots. Organic gave same yield, but through mechanisms. abundance locally emerging treatment increased yielding levels comparable with plants, being effects. Synthesis applications . enhanced emergence increasing suppression. In contrast, communities were unable suppress populations treatments. Here, inflow outside essential for lowering population Managing landscapes promote mobile emerges as particularly important fields without amendments. advise active promotion both secure conservation biological insect
Language: Английский
Citations
28
Biological Conservation, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 283, P. 110128 - 110128
Published: May 19, 2023
Reconciling biodiversity conservation with agricultural production requires a better understanding of how key ecosystem service providing species respond to intensification. Carabid beetles and spiders represent two widespread guilds biocontrol services. Here we surveyed carabid in 66 winter wheat fields four northwestern European countries analyzed the activity density diversity were related crop yield (proxy for land-use intensity), percentage cropland landscape complexity) soil organic carbon content, whether these patterns differed between dominant non-dominant species. <17 % or spider classified as dominant, which accounted >90 individuals respectively. We found that carabids generally different aspects richness was positively evenness negatively cover. The content. Meanwhile, all cropland. Our results show practices targeted enhance one functionally important guild may not promote another guild, helps explain why measures natural enemies do ultimately pest regulation. Dominant both showed mostly similar responses suggesting management provisioning by certain can also overall particular guild.
Language: Английский
Citations
11
Journal of Applied Ecology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 61(8), P. 1829 - 1840
Published: May 15, 2024
Abstract Agricultural practices shape arthropod communities in arable fields, consequently influencing their interactions and the resulting ecosystem services, particular pest regulation. Predatory arthropods play a pivotal role by preying on herbivores, soil fauna, other predators. However, intricate mechanisms through which agricultural dietary preferences of predators, regulate herbivore populations remain complex inadequately understood. We assessed how fertilisation with organic fertiliser extending crop rotations perennial ley affected predation pressure across prey taxa. mapped predator trophic linkages molecular analysis carabid gut contents, measured densities taxonomic richness fauna 19 cereal fields during three samplings growing season. derived two food web structure metrics: vulnerability that is average number predators feeding selected prey, redundancy, overlap. Prey was compared among species (that interspecific intraguild predation) over season, treatments. The mechanistic underpinnings observed shifts herbivorous at different stages were identified using information criteria to select candidate variables related richness, density interaction guilds both current, previous stages. diversification via combined rotation decreased stabilised vulnerability. Mechanistically, ripening emerges from combination redundancy this sampling round, rather than carryover effects Synthesis applications : Our results suggest locally provided resource continuity diversified cropping bolster biological regulation, thus underline importance lesser disturbance ecosystems for provision services. Enhanced together availability alternative season underpins enhanced
Language: Английский
Citations
4
Journal of Applied Ecology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 56(8), P. 1982 - 1991
Published: May 31, 2019
Abstract The subsidy hypothesis states that communities receiving nutrient subsidies will demonstrate top‐down trophic cascades where predators indirectly increase plant biomass. This has been both confirmed and refuted, which might depend on whether the mainly targeted or detrital food web compartment, quality. is particularly poorly understood for terrestrial such as heavily subsidized agroecosystems. Using cages covering 4 m 2 of ground in a long‐term agricultural fertilization experiment, we tested targeting soil mesofauna compartment with organic fertilizers, plants mineral fertilizer, impacted direction strength an arthropod–plant web. We expected controls generalist arthropod (spiders, rove beetles) aphid densities to be stronger organically fertilized plots due enhanced alternative prey availability soil. Bottom‐up control from barley quality aphids was anticipated treatments. examined how (decomposability) governed by comparing treatments labile (manure) recalcitrant (hay) matter. Top‐down forces dominated webs subsidies, while bottom‐up under fertilization. A high‐quality, easily degradable propagated faster through chain, leading cascade having positive effect biomass but not treatment. Synthesis applications . Management soils bolster mesofauna, example adding potential biological naturally occurring predators. Our research demonstrates can manure treatment presence level comparable fertilizer.
Language: Английский
Citations
32
Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 349, P. 108461 - 108461
Published: March 9, 2023
Language: Английский
Citations
10
Journal of Entomological Society of Iran, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 45(1), P. 107 - 119
Published: Jan. 12, 2025
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Global Food Security, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 45, P. 100857 - 100857
Published: April 19, 2025
Language: Английский
Citations
0
CABI eBooks, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 163 - 190
Published: March 26, 2024
In an attempt to restore functional biodiversity-delivering ecosystem services, several alternative agricultural approaches have emerged. Among these, two been particularly acknowledged in recent decades: organic agriculture, with its aim restrict the use of synthetic intrants, and conservation promoting soil health via reduced tillage, permanent cover crop diversification. Both share same overarching objective restoring ecological functions services reach higher autonomy resilience, yet, they long represented distinct communities. Today, interests from both parties are starting converge: farmers willing provide more attention their soils decrease dependency on intrants. However, when combining approaches, left no curative tools combat pests preventive agroecological practices become uttermost importance. This chapter reviews challenge controlling opting for a combination agriculture principles, reviewing scientific knowledge managing pests, then presenting feedback eight Belgium who opted this ambitious approach organic-conservation agricultures combined.
Language: Английский
Citations
3