On the road to losing connectivity: Faecal samples provide genome‐wide insights into anthropogenic impacts on two large herbivore species in central India DOI Creative Commons
Abhinav Tyagi, Nidhi Yadav, Awadhesh Pandit

et al.

Molecular Ecology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 33(16)

Published: July 3, 2024

Abstract Humans have impacted most of the planet, and ensuing fragmentation results in small, isolated habitat patches posing a risk genetic diversity loss, inbreeding, load. Understanding how natural anthropogenic landscape features affect gene flow among is critical for maintaining connectivity. Genome‐wide data are required to comprehend impacts recent fragmentation, which can be challenging when only non‐invasive samples available. Here, we build upon advancements conservation genomics address connectivity two large herbivores, gaur ( Bos gaurus ) sambar Rusa unicolor central India. Given their associations, expected these species respond similarly fragmentation. We used faecal‐DNA methylation‐based host‐DNA enrichment with modified ddRAD protocol generate genome‐wide single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) 124 99 individuals. Our findings reveal that populations India fragmented, displaying high differentiation, drift significantly affecting small like Umred Karhandla Wildlife Sanctuary. Although shows low structure, another population, Bor Tiger Reserve genetically differentiated. suggest although land cover change roads restrict animal movement, extent this impact varies across species. show different differently features, even similar associations. highlight requiring urgent intervention. Such multi‐species approaches enhance our understanding cross‐species patterns. shifting from single‐species holistic approach rapidly developing landscapes better manage co‐occurring endangered

Language: Английский

The role of large wild animals in climate change mitigation and adaptation DOI Creative Commons
Yadvinder Malhi, Tonya A. Lander, Elizabeth le Roux

et al.

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 32(4), P. R181 - R196

Published: Feb. 1, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

123
Impacts of large herbivores on terrestrial ecosystems DOI Open Access
Robert M. Pringle, Joel O. Abraham, T. Michael Anderson

et al.

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 33(11), P. R584 - R610

Published: June 1, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

102
Climate Change, Landscape Fires, and Human Health: A Global Perspective DOI
Fay H. Johnston, Grant J. Williamson, Nicolás Borchers Arriagada

et al.

Annual Review of Public Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 45(1), P. 295 - 314

Published: Jan. 2, 2024

Landscape fires are an integral component of the Earth system and a feature prehistoric, subsistence, industrial economies. Specific spatiotemporal patterns landscape fire occur in different locations around world, shaped by interactions between environmental human drivers activity. Seven distinct types emerge from these interactions: remote area fires, wildfire disasters, savanna Indigenous burning, prescribed agricultural deforestation fires. All can have substantial impacts on health well-being directly indirectly through (a) exposure to heat flux (e.g., injuries destructive impacts), (b) emissions smoke-related (c) altered ecosystem functioning biodiversity, amenity, water quality, climate impacts). Minimizing adverse effects population requires understanding how influences be modified interventions targeted at individual, community, regional levels.

Language: Английский

Citations

19
Shifting baselines and the forgotten giants: integrating megafauna into plant community ecology DOI Creative Commons
Skjold Alsted Søndergaard, Camilla Fløjgaard, Rasmus Ejrnæs

et al.

Oikos, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 5, 2025

The extensive, prehistoric loss of megafauna during the last 50 000 years led early naturalists to build founding theories ecology based on already‐degraded ecosystems. In this article, we outline how large herbivores affect community ecology, with a special focus plants, through changes selection, speciation, drift, and dispersal, thereby directly impacting ecosystem diversity functionality. However, attempts quantify effects processes are markedly scarce in past contemporary studies. We expect is due shifting baseline syndrome, where ecologists omit now‐missing extinct, when designing experiments theoretical models, despite evidence that shaped physical structure, biogeochemistry, species richness studied systems. Here, can be incorporated into central models integrate megaherbivore theory ecology. As anthropogenic impacts climate nutrient levels continue, further warping ecological disconnecting distributions from optimal conditions, importance quantifying herbivore functionality, such as facilitation dispersal coexistence, increases. Our findings indicate current scientific attention disproportionate their habitat structure evolutionary trajectories, well role play restoring diverse resilient

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Can large herbivores enhance ecosystem carbon persistence? DOI Creative Commons
J. A. Kristensen, Jens‐Christian Svenning, Katerina Georgiou

et al.

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 37(2), P. 117 - 128

Published: Nov. 17, 2021

Language: Английский

Citations

104
Integrating plant physiology into simulation of fire behavior and effects DOI Creative Commons
L. Turin Dickman, Alexandra Jonko, Rodman Linn

et al.

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 238(3), P. 952 - 970

Published: Jan. 25, 2023

Wildfires are a global crisis, but current fire models fail to capture vegetation response changing climate. With drought and elevated temperature increasing the importance of dynamics behavior, advent next generation capable capturing increasingly complex physical processes, we provide renewed focus on representation woody in models. Currently, most advanced representations behavior biophysical effects found distinct classes fine-scale do not variation live fuel (i.e. living plant) properties. We demonstrate that plant water carbon dynamics, which influence combustion heat transfer into often dictate survival, mechanistic linkage between effects. Our conceptual framework linking remotely sensed estimates could be critical first step toward improving fidelity coarse scale now relied upon for forecasting. This process-based approach will essential physiological responses warming conditions, strengthening science needed guide managers an uncertain future.

Language: Английский

Citations

32
Understanding Fire Regimes for a Better Anthropocene DOI Open Access
Luke T. Kelly, Michael‐Shawn Fletcher, Imma Oliveras Menor

et al.

Annual Review of Environment and Resources, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 48(1), P. 207 - 235

Published: Aug. 31, 2023

Fire is an integral part of the Earth System and humans have skillfully used fire for millennia. Yet human activities are scaling up reinforcing each other in ways that reshaping patterns across planet. We review these changes using concept regime, which describes timing, location, type fires. then explore consequences regime on biological, chemical, physical processes sustain life Earth. Anthropogenic drivers such as climate change, land use, invasive species shifting regimes creating environments unlike any humanity has previously experienced. Although exposure to extreme wildfire events increasing, we highlight how knowledge can be mobilized achieve a wide range goals, from reducing carbon emissions promoting biodiversity well-being. A perspective critical navigating toward sustainable future—a better Anthropocene.

Language: Английский

Citations

25
After the mammoths: the ecological legacy of late Pleistocene megafauna extinctions DOI Creative Commons
Felisa A. Smith, Emma A. Elliott Smith, Carson P. Hedberg

et al.

Cambridge Prisms Extinction, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 1

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

The significant extinctions in Earth history have largely been unpredictable terms of what species perish and traits make susceptible. occurring during the late Pleistocene are unusual this regard, because they were strongly size-selective targeted exclusively large-bodied animals (i.e., megafauna, >1 ton) disproportionately, herbivores. Because these also at particular risk today, aftermath can provide insights into how loss or decline contemporary may influence ecosystems. Here, we review ecological consequences on major aspects environment, communities ecosystems, as well diet, distribution behavior surviving mammals. We find megafauna pervasive left legacies detectable all parts system. Furthermore, that roles extinct modern play system not replicated by smaller-bodied animals. Our highlights important perspectives paleoecology for conservation efforts.

Language: Английский

Citations

23
Farmer perceptions of the vulnerabilities of traditional livestock farming systems under global change DOI Creative Commons
Zebensui Morales‐Reyes, Jomar M. Barbosa, José A. Sánchez‐Zapata

et al.

AMBIO, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 26, 2025

Abstract The continuity of traditional extensive livestock farming is being challenged by rapid socioeconomic and environmental changes, threatening livelihoods ecosystem services critical to food security sustainability. We conducted a large-scale assessment involving 255 farmers across six systems in Spain understand their perceptions vulnerabilities. Using the Coupled Infrastructure Systems framework, we identified 24 different vulnerabilities, mainly caused external biophysical disturbances, such as resource costs, low profitability products, climate variability, conflicts with wildlife. main factors explaining these vulnerabilities were primary productivity, farm location, presence large predators, climatic conditions. findings highlight complex interplay provide important insights for maintenance Europe. This information crucial informing policy decisions aimed at supporting ensuring contribution security, sustainability biodiversity conservation.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Social-ecological perspective on European semi-natural grassland conservation and restoration: Key challenges and future pathways DOI Creative Commons

Philipp Gorris,

Örjan Bodin, David Giralt

et al.

Biological Conservation, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 304, P. 111038 - 111038

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

1