Stochastic Community Assembly: Does It Matter in Microbial Ecology?

Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 81(4)

Published: Oct. 12, 2017

Understanding the mechanisms controlling community diversity, functions, succession, and biogeography is a central, but poorly understood, topic in ecology, particularly microbial ecology. Although stochastic processes are believed to play nonnegligible roles shaping structure, their importance relative deterministic hotly debated. The of ecological stochasticity structure far less appreciated. Some main reasons for such heavy debates difficulty defining diverse methods used delineating stochasticity. Here, we provide critical review synthesis data from most recent studies on assembly We then describe both components embedded various processes, including selection, dispersal, diversification, drift. also different approaches inferring observational diversity patterns highlight experimental communities. In addition, research challenges, gaps, future directions research.

Language: Английский

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Meta-analysis of the impacts of global change factors on soil microbial diversity and functionality

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: June 17, 2020

Biodiversity on the Earth is changing at an unprecedented rate due to a variety of global change factors (GCFs). However, effects GCFs microbial diversity unclear despite that soil microorganisms play critical role in biogeochemical cycling. Here, we synthesize 1235 GCF observations worldwide and show rare species are more sensitive than common species, while do not always lead reduction diversity. GCFs-induced shifts alpha can be predominately explained by changed pH. In addition, impacts functionality community structure biomass rather Altogether, our findings fundamentally different from previous knowledge for well-studied plant animal communities, crucial policy-making conservation hotspots under changes.

Language: Английский

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Anthropogenic global shifts in biospheric N and P concentrations and ratios and their impacts on biodiversity, ecosystem productivity, food security, and human health

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 26(4), P. 1962 - 1985

Published: Jan. 8, 2020

Abstract The availability of carbon (C) from high levels atmospheric dioxide (CO 2 ) and anthropogenic release nitrogen (N) is increasing, but these increases are not paralleled by in phosphorus (P). current unstoppable changes the stoichiometries C N relative to P have no historical precedent. We describe fluxes over last five decades that led asymmetrical inputs biosphere. identified widespread rapid N:P ratios air, soil, water, organisms important consequences structure, function, biodiversity ecosystems. A mass‐balance approach found combined limited was likely reduce storage natural ecosystems during remainder 21st Century, projected crop yields Millennium Ecosystem Assessment indicated an increase nutrient deficiency developing regions if access fertilizer limited. Imbalances ratio would negatively affect human health, food security, global economic geopolitical stability, with feedbacks synergistic effects on drivers environmental change, such as increasing CO , climatic warming, pollution. summarize potential solutions for avoiding negative impacts imbalances environment, biodiversity, climate health.

Language: Английский

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Natural grassland as the optimal pattern of vegetation restoration in arid and semi-arid regions: Evidence from nutrient limitation of soil microbes

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 648, P. 388 - 397

Published: Aug. 15, 2018

Language: Английский

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Soil Properties Drive Microbial Community Structure in a Large Scale Transect in South Eastern Australia

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: July 31, 2018

Abstract Soil microbial communities directly affect soil functionality through their roles in the cycling of nutrients and carbon storage. Microbial vary substantially space time, between types under different land management. The mechanisms that control spatial distributions microbes are largely unknown as we have not been able to adequately upscale a detailed analysis microbiome few grams catchment, region or continent. Here reveal along 1000 km transect unique structures governed mainly by properties. community assessed using Phospholipid Fatty Acids showed strong gradient latitude across New South Wales, Australia. We found properties contributed most distribution, while other environmental factors (e.g., temperature, elevation) lesser impact. Agricultural activities reduced variation communities, however, its influence was local much less than overall ability predict distribution will allow us how future change microbes.

Language: Английский

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Soil pH is the primary factor driving the distribution and function of microorganisms in farmland soils in northeastern China

Annals of Microbiology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 69(13), P. 1461 - 1473

Published: Dec. 1, 2019

Abstract Purpose To understand which environmental factors influence the distribution and ecological functions of bacteria in agricultural soil. Method A broad range farmland soils was sampled from 206 locations Jilin province, China. We used 16S rRNA gene-based Illumina HiSeq sequencing to estimated soil bacterial community structure functions. Result The dominant taxa terms abundance were found be, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, Chloroflexi, Proteobacteria. Bacterial communities dominantly affected by pH, whereas organic carbon did not have a significant on communities. Soil pH significantly positively correlated with operational taxonomic unit α-diversity (P<0.05) spatially rather than nutrients. using FAPROTAX, relative anaerobic aerobic chemoheterotrophs, nitrifying 27.66%, 26.14%, 6.87%, respectively, total community. Generally, results indicate that is more important nutrients shaping soils, including their biogeographic distribution.

Language: Английский

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Microbial biogeography of 925 geothermal springs in New Zealand

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: July 17, 2018

Abstract Geothermal springs are model ecosystems to investigate microbial biogeography as they represent discrete, relatively homogenous habitats, distributed across multiple geographical scales, span broad geochemical gradients, and have reduced metazoan interactions. Here, we report the largest known consolidated study of geothermal determine factors that influence biogeographical patterns. We measured bacterial archaeal community composition, 46 physicochemical parameters, metadata from 925 New Zealand (13.9–100.6 °C pH < 1–9.7). determined diversity is primarily influenced by at temperatures <70 °C; with temperature only having a significant effect for values >70 °C. Further, dissimilarity increases geographic distance, niche selection driving assembly localised scale. Surprisingly, two genera ( Venenivibrio Acidithiobacillus ) dominated in both average relative abundance (11.2% 11.1%, respectively) prevalence (74.2% 62.9%, respectively). These findings provide an unprecedented insight into ecological behaviour springs, foundation improve characterisation processes.

Language: Английский

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Changes in soil bacterial and fungal community composition and functional groups during the succession of boreal forests

Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 161, P. 108393 - 108393

Published: Aug. 24, 2021

Language: Английский

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Soil Bacterial Community Structure and Co-occurrence Pattern during Vegetation Restoration in Karst Rocky Desertification Area

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 8

Published: Dec. 1, 2017

Vegetation restoration has been widely used in karst rocky desertification (KRD) areas of southwestern China, but the response microbial community to revegetation not well characterized. We investigated diversity, structure, and co-occurrence patterns bacterial communities soils five vegetation types (grassland, shrubbery, secondary forest, pure plantation mixed plantation) KRD area using high-throughput sequencing 16S rRNA gene. Bray-Curtis dissimilarity analysis revealed that 15 samples were clustered into groups corresponded very types. Shannon diversity was positively correlated with pH Ca2+ content negatively organic carbon, total nitrogen, soil moisture. Redundancy indicated pH, content, moisture jointly influenced structure. Co-occurrence network nonrandom assembly composition soils. Bryobacter, GR-WP33-30, Rhizomicrobium identified as keystone genera network. These results indicate diverse physicochemical properties potential interactions among taxa during may affect structure regions.

Language: Английский

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Processes in Microbial Ecology

Oxford University Press eBooks, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 19, 2018

Abstract Processes in Microbial Ecology discusses the major processes carried out by viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and other protists—the microbes—in freshwater, marine, terrestrial ecosystems. The book shows how advances genomic molecular approaches have uncovered incredible diversity of microbes natural environments unraveled complex biogeochemical uncultivated archaea, fungi. are affected ecological interactions, including competition for limiting nutrients, viral lysis, predation protists soils aquatic habitats. links up occurring at micron scale to events happening global scale, carbon cycle its connection climate change issues. ends with a chapter devoted symbiosis relationships between large organisms, which impacts not only on cycles, but also ecology evolution Homo sapiens.

Language: Английский

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