Contrasting the thermal performance of cultured coral endosymbiont photo-physiology

Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 561, P. 151865 - 151865

Published: Jan. 4, 2023

Language: Английский

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Advancing bioenergetics-based modeling to improve climate change projections of marine ecosystems

Marine Ecology Progress Series, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 732, P. 193 - 221

Published: Jan. 31, 2024

Climate change has rapidly altered marine ecosystems and is expected to continue push systems species beyond historical baselines into novel conditions. Projecting responses of organisms populations these environmental conditions often requires extrapolations observed conditions, challenging the predictive limits statistical modeling capabilities. Bioenergetics provides mechanistic basis for projecting climate effects on living resources in a long history development, been applied widely fish other taxa. We provide our perspective 4 opportunities that will advance ability bioenergetics-based models depict changes productivity distribution fishes organisms, leading more robust projections impacts. These are (1) improved depiction bioenergetics processes derive realistic individual-level response(s) complex (2) innovations scaling project at population food web levels, (3) coupling between spatial dynamics better represent local- regional-scale differences distributions (4) model validation ensure next generation can be used with known sufficient confidence. Our focus specific enable critical advancements position community make accurate individuals, populations, webs, ecosystems.

Language: Английский

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Modelling thermal reaction norms for development and viability in Drosophila suzukii under constant, fluctuating and field conditions

Journal of Thermal Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 123, P. 103891 - 103891

Published: June 15, 2024

Phenological models for insect pests often rely on knowledge of thermal reaction norms. These may differ in shape depending developmental conditions (e.g. constant vs. fluctuating) and other factors such as life-stages. Here, we conducted an extensive comparative study the norms development viability invasive fly, Drosophila suzukii, under fluctuating regimes. Flies, were submitted to 15 different temperatures (CT) ranging from 8 35 °C. We compared responses CT with patterns observed temperature (FT) tested several equations performance curves various obtain limits degree-day estimations. To validate model's predictions, phenology was monitored two artificial field-like natural outdoor cages during spring winter. Thermal norm egg pupa broader than that adult. FT yielded a breadth CT, extended towards colder side, consistent our field observations Models resulting both made accurate predictions long remained within linear part rate curve. Under cold winter conditions, model based data more predictions. Model failed predict adult's emergence also document first record adult throughout D. suzukii. Population dynamics suzukii are all summer phenotype CT. Accounting variations between seasonal phenotypes, stages, (CT FT) could improve predictive power models.

Language: Английский

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The apparent seasonal biphenism in Drosophila suzukii stems in reality from continuous reaction norms

Pest Management Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 3, 2024

Abstract The spotted wing drosophila (SWD) is supposed to show only two distinct seasonal phenotypes: the dark, diapausing winter morph (WM) and light, reproductively active summer (SM). It unclear if these phenotypes result from a true developmental switch or expression of extreme continuous thermal reaction norms. This study aims investigate this question by examining traits across range temperatures. Using 12 temperatures (8 30 °C), we assessed including viability, growth, morphology, cold tolerance, metabolic rate, ovarian maturation. Gradual increases in temperature induced gradual changes all traits, indicating classical nonlinear Low (14 °C below) produced flies with extended development, dark color, larger size, increased reduced metabolism, delayed oogenesis, characteristic WM. Given months required for emergence egg maturation at cold, generations SWD may develop discrete environments resulting an apparent biphenism. What appears be (WM SM) actually implies need precise terminology SWD. We recommend using terms like ‘winter‐acclimated’ ‘winter phenotype’ rather than morph’. © 2024 Author(s). Pest Management Science published John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf Society Chemical Industry.

Language: Английский

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Ecophysiology of a small ectotherm tracks environmental variation along an elevational cline

Journal of Biogeography, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 49(2), P. 405 - 415

Published: Jan. 23, 2022

Abstract Aim Physiological responses to climate can be used quantify the environmental limits that a species tolerate and are, therefore, key biogeographical studies. Several ecophysiological climatic factors may shape distribution of species, but our knowledge is mostly centred in thermal ecophysiology. We applied an integrative approach investigate how small ectotherm are modulated by variation across elevational gradient. Location Victoria, Australia. Taxon Lampropholis guichenoti (Scincidae, Squamata). Methods examined metabolic rate, evaporative water loss, physiology locomotor performance, four populations skink gradient Australia (17–1546 m). biophysical modelling test behaviour impacts survival activity these skinks. Results Populations from lowlands had lower rates preferences, higher optimal temperatures increased performance compared high elevations. Biophysical models revealed allows skinks elevation maintain their body above freezing determining patterns. Main conclusions Our holistic study shows combination physiological behavioural ectotherms survive different environments. The interplay between help explain sets for geographical range ectotherms.

Language: Английский

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A Mosquito Parasite Is Locally Adapted to Its Host but Not Temperature

The American Naturalist, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 204(2), P. 121 - 132

Published: March 20, 2024

AbstractClimate change will alter interactions between parasites and their hosts. Warming may affect patterns of local adaptation, shifting the environment to favor parasite or host thus changing prevalence disease. We assessed adaptation hosts temperature in facultative ciliate

Language: Английский

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Metabolic Plasticity Shapes Microbial Communities across a Temperature Gradient

The American Naturalist, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 204(4), P. 381 - 399

Published: June 28, 2024

AbstractA central challenge in community ecology is understanding and predicting the effects of abiotic factors on assembly. In particular, microbial communities play a role ecosystem, but we do not understand how changing like temperature are going to affect composition or function. this article, studied self-assembly multiple synthetic environments changes based metabolic responses different functional groups along gradient. many communities, coexist through partitioning carbon sources an emergent trophic structure (cross-feeding). system, respirofermentative bacteria display preference for sugars supplied as only source secrete secondary (organic acids) that more efficiently consumed by obligate respirators. As consequence structure, plasticity respirofermenters has downstream consequences relative abundance respirators across temperatures. We found temperatures can largely be described increase fermentation by-products with increasing from bacteria. This research highlights importance trade-offs species interactions dynamics gradients.

Language: Английский

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Shifts in growth light optima among diatom species support their succession during the spring bloom in the Arctic

Journal of Ecology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 110(6), P. 1356 - 1375

Published: March 22, 2022

Abstract Diatoms of the Arctic Ocean annually experience extreme changes light environment linked to photoperiodic cycles and seasonal variations snow sea‐ice cover extent thickness which attenuate penetration in water column. diatom communities exploit this complex dynamic through a well‐documented species succession during spring, beginning culminating massive phytoplankton blooms underneath marginal ice zone. The pattern taxa sequentially dominating is relatively well conserved interannually, taxonomic shifts seem align with habitat transitions. To understand whether differential photoadaptation strategies among explain these recurring sequences, we coupled laboratory experiments field work Baffin Bay at 67.5°N. Based on data, selected five typical different ecological niches measured their growth rates under intensity ranges representative natural habitats. characterize photoacclimative responses, sampled pigments total particulate carbon, conducted 14 C‐uptake photosynthesis response curves variable fluorescence measurements. We documented gradient respective for maximal suggesting divergent plasticity, most part sequential dominance. Other photophysiological parameters supported ecophysiological framing, although contrasts were always clear only between endmembers, Nitzschia frigida Chaetoceros neogracilis . validate that responses are situ dynamics, compared them chlorophyll ‐specific light‐limited slope ( α *) saturated rate (), monitored planktonic communities. This complementary approach confirmed unusual * as function history similar sentinel sympagic N. ice‐core While no light‐history‐dependent trends observed communities, values range measurements from our monospecific cultures. Synthesis Our results suggest diatoms strategy tuned habitats they dominate indeed drives succession.

Language: Английский

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Gas exchange analysers exhibit large measurement error driven by internal thermal gradients

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 236(2), P. 369 - 384

Published: June 28, 2022

Portable gas exchange analysers provide critical data for understanding plant-atmosphere carbon and water fluxes, parameterising Earth system models that forecast climate change effects feedbacks. We characterised temperature measurement errors in the Li-Cor LI-6400XT LI-6800, estimated downstream derived quantities, including stomatal conductance (gsw ) leaf intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci ). The exhibited air (differences between reported measured near leaf) up to 7.2°C, 5.3°C, relative gsw Ci increased as temperatures departed from ambient. This caused leaf-to-air relationships, assimilation-temperature curves response curves. Temperature dependencies of maximum Rubisco carboxylation rate (Vcmax RuBP regeneration (Jmax showed 12% 35%, respectively. These are likely be idiosyncratic may differ among machines environmental conditions. LI-6800 much smaller errors. model predictions erroneous, their parametrisation were on system, depending methods used. make recommendations minimising correcting LI-6400XT. also recommend transitioning future collection.

Language: Английский

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Thermal mismatches explain consumer–resource dynamics in response to environmental warming

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(6)

Published: June 1, 2023

Changing temperatures will impact food webs in ways we yet to fully understand. The thermal sensitivities of various physiological and ecological processes differ across organisms study systems, hindering the generation accurate predictions. One step towards improving this picture is acquire a mechanistic understanding how temperature change impacts trophic interactions before can scale these insights up ecosystems. Here, implement approach centered on sensitivity energetic balances pairwise consumer-resource interactions, measuring dependence gain loss for two resource one consumer freshwater species. Quantifying balance between energy loss, determined ranges where decreased each species isolation (intraspecific mismatch) mismatch emerged (interspecific mismatch). latter reveals which respond either differently or same way, turn informs us strength top-down control. We found that warming improved both resources, but reduces it consumer, due stronger respiration compared ingestion. interspecific yielded different patterns pairs. In case, became weaker throughout gradient, other case produced U-shaped response. By also interaction pairs, demonstrated correspondence mismatches strength. Our accounts traits species, combined produce good indication Thus, novel links ecology with parameters typically explored food-web studies.

Language: Английский

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