Potential indirect impacts of the COVID‐19 pandemic on children: a narrative review using a community child health lens

The Medical Journal of Australia, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 216(7), P. 364 - 372

Published: Jan. 23, 2022

▪In this narrative review, we summarise the vast and burgeoning research on potential established indirect impacts children of COVID-19 pandemic. We used a community child health lens to organise our findings consider how Australia might best respond needs (aged 0-12 years). ▪We synthesised literature previous pandemics, epidemics natural disasters, current found clear evidence adverse pandemic that either repeated or extended from pandemics. identified 11 impact areas, under three broad categories: child-level factors (poorer mental health, poorer development, academic achievement); family-level affect parent reduced family income job losses, increased household stress, abuse neglect, maternal newborn health); service-level (school closures, access care, use technology for learning, connection care). ▪There is increasing global concern about likely disproportionate experiencing adversity, widening existing disparities in developmental outcomes. suggest five strategy areas could begin address these inequities: addressing financial instability through supplements; expanding role schools learning gaps wellbeing; rethinking care delivery access; focusing prevention early intervention health; using digital solutions inequitable service delivery.

Language: Английский

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Retrospective Study of the Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Infection on Asthma Control in Children

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 356 - 356

Published: Jan. 9, 2025

Asthmatic children who tested positive for COVID-19 experienced changes in lung function and persistent symptoms following SARS-CoV-2 infection, even several months after diagnosis, with the same features as an acute phase. This study aimed to analyze a pediatric age group (between 0 17 years old) diagnosed asthma, infection attending regular monitoring visits Pediatric Department of Regional Tertiary Hospital (Filantropia Clinical Municipal Craiova, Romania) during pandemic post-pandemic time interval (i.e., March 2020-July 2024), identify how influenced their long-term treatment. Materials Methods. The variables were recorded: demographic data (gender, group, residence), related allergies (allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, food allergies), presence exacerbations, fraction exhaled nitric oxide, ventilatory function, asthma phenotype or non-allergic), well GINA assessment control at clinical analyzed. infections evaluated terms year symptoms, cough persistence, modifications treatment disease. statistically analyzed SPSS, using Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis H, Chi-Square tests. Results. A lower incidence cases was recorded first asthmatic patients (2020 2021), but increase rate observed beginning second pandemic, 2022. oxide values infected significantly increased (p < 0.0005), especially more than 4 weeks. significant number exacerbations also 0.0005). Ventilatory different without 0.05). Conclusions. persistence phase tests emphasize need periodic medical check-ups, implementation therapeutic regimen appropriate each patient.

Language: Английский

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Reduced pediatric urgent asthma utilization and exacerbations during the COVID‐19 pandemic

Pediatric Pulmonology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 56(10), P. 3166 - 3173

Published: July 21, 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound impact on healthcare access and utilization, which could have important implications for children with chronic diseases, including asthma. We sought to evaluate changes in utilization outcomes asthma during the pandemic. used electronic health records data use 3959 adolescents, 5-17 years of age, prior diagnosis who history well-child visits encounters within system. assessed all-cause exacerbations 12-months preceding start (March 1, 2019-February 29, 2020) first 12 months 2020-February 28, 2021). All-cause decreased significantly compared year, (48.1% vs. 66.6% year; p < .01), emergency department (9.7% 21.0%; inpatient admissions (1.6% 2.5%; though there was over 100-fold increase telehealth encounters. Asthma that required treatment systemic steroids also (127 504 exacerbations; .01). Race/ethnicity not associated or outcomes. corresponded dramatic shifts increased improved among Social distancing measures may reduced trigger exposure.

Language: Английский

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COVID-19 in Children with Asthma

Lung, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 199(1), P. 7 - 12

Published: Jan. 26, 2021

Language: Английский

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Pediatric asthma control during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Pediatric Pulmonology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 57(1), P. 20 - 25

Published: Oct. 21, 2021

Abstract Background With the onset of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic, many experts expected that asthma‐associated morbidity because severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 infection would dramatically increase. However, some studies suggested there was no apparent increasing in asthma‐related children with asthma, it is even possible may have improved outcomes. To understand relationship between COVID‐19 pandemic and asthma outcomes, we performed this article. Methods We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library to find literature from December June 2021 related children's control, among which results such as abstracts, comments, letters, reviews, case reports were excluded. The level control during synthesized discussed by outcomes exacerbation, emergency room visit, admission, childhood test (c‐ACT). Results A total 22,159 subjects included 10 studies. Random effect model used account for data. Compared same period before exacerbation reduced (odds ratio [OR] = 0.26, 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.14–0.48], Z 4.32, p < 0.0001), odds visit decreased well (OR 0.11, CI [0.04–0.26], 4.98, 0.00001). outcome admission showed significant difference 0.84, [0.32–2.20], 0.36, 0.72). c‐ACT scores not analyzed different manifestations used. Overall, pandemic. Conclusion has been significantly improved. need exact factors leading these improvements methods sustain it.

Language: Английский

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Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on asthma exacerbations: Retrospective cohort study of over 500,000 patients in a national English primary care database

The Lancet Regional Health - Europe, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 19, P. 100428 - 100428

Published: June 16, 2022

Several countries reported a substantial reduction in asthma exacerbations associated with COVID-19 pandemic-related restrictions. However, it is not known if these early declines were short-term and have rebounded to pre-pandemic levels following easing of lockdown

Language: Английский

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National trends in the prevalence of allergic diseases among Korean adolescents before and during COVID‐19, 2009–2021: A serial analysis of the national representative study

Allergy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 78(6), P. 1665 - 1670

Published: Nov. 28, 2022

The impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on allergic diseases in adolescents is not well described. Although there have been previous studies that examined changes prevalence 1 year into the pandemic, a need for follow-up due to nature infectious disease.1 Therefore, this article will examine among Korean before and during COVID-19 from 2009 2021. data were accessed Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey (KYRBS) KYRBS self-reported online survey monitors health-related behaviors contribute leading cause death disability young adults. employs sample selection methods such as stratified cluster sampling so thoroughly reflects entire population.2 period pandemic (2009–2019) was divided intervals two or three consecutive years, while each (2020–2021) individually. They manner obtain stable estimates prevalence. Cases asthma, rhinitis, atopic dermatitis included basis having diagnosed within past 12 months. Allergic morbidity defined at least one conditions mentioned above.3 study protocol approved by institutional review boards Sejong University (SJU-HR-E-2020-003) Disease Control Prevention Agency. against covariates age, sex, BMI, residence area, smoking status, alcohol consumption, parents' educational level, economic school performance. This measured through weighted complex analysis using linear binary logistic regression models which enabled us quantitatively grasp extent change between period. SAS version 9.4 (SAS Institute) SPSS 26.0 (IBM) used perform all statistical analyses. bold numbers indicate significant difference two-sided p-value less than 0.05. There total 840,488 aged 12–18, with 52.30 percent male mean age 15.08 years (Table S1). increased 23.19% (95% CI, 22.93–23.45) 2011 25.09% 24.76–25.42) 2018 2019. However, pronounced decrease after outbreak (βdiff −0.095, 95% CI −0.145 −0.085; odds ratio [OR] 0.799, 0.779–0.820). asthma gradually decreased 2.23% 2.15–2.31) 1.99% 1.90–2.09) 2019, then rapidly −0.137, −0.288 −0.110; OR 0.495, 0.456–0.538). rhinitis 17.79% 17.54–18.04) 20.45% 20.14–20.76) it −0.119, −0.1698 −0.108; 0.795, 0.772–0.818). Similarly, remained similar, slightly 6.74% 6.61–6.87) 6.82 6.65–6.99) −0.030, -0.045 −0.016; 0.927, 0.892–0.962). It observed female overweight obese subgroups are relatively more vulnerable Figure 1). Also, reduction modest compared others because aeroallergen main etiology. These results suggest some exceptions S2). could be interpreted result pandemic. South announced first case January 2020, number confirmed cases 20 following month social gatherings. Since, government has implemented strict public health measures order prevent mitigate transmission virus.4, 5 For example, business hour restrictions, self-isolation measures, distancing guidelines, mask mandates, nationwide lockdowns, closures, vaccination recommendations.4, acted physical barriers environmental interactions blocked direct and/or indirect contact penetration allergens, hence decreasing diseases. consistent other Brazil, India, Singapore demonstrated sustained admissions widespread measures.1, 6 they utilize small heterozygous samples only strength lies utilization almost million adolescents. Nevertheless, several limitations should taken account. First, excluded those who enrolled education system. Second, potential underdiagnosis reluctance visit hospital.7 Third, hard estimate exact quantity influence risk factor mental health. Finally, although questionnaire-based assessments our reliable (kappa coefficient: 0.48–0.80),8 objective measurements pulmonary function tests advised verify severity disease. overall displayed continuous increase followed minute (2020–2021). In light findings, we would like encourage continued efforts monitor come, even over. understanding provide useful information establishing future policies response new wave also recommended conduct research infection status types Word Count: 835. authors thank Stella Ting (Department English, Toronto, Ontario, Canada) proofreading manuscript. supported grant Health Technology R&D Project, Industry Development Institute (KHIDI), funded Ministry & Welfare, Republic (grant number: HV22C0233) National Research Foundation (NRF) (MSIT; NRF-2020R1C1C1005293). funders had no role design, collection, analysis, interpretation, writing report. Dr Katrina Abuabara consultant TARGET RWE. Other declare conflicts interest. Appendix S1 Please note: publisher responsible content functionality any supporting supplied authors. Any queries (other missing content) directed corresponding author article.

Language: Английский

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The effect of allergy and asthma as a comorbidity on the susceptibility and outcomes of COVID-19

International Immunology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 34(4), P. 177 - 188

Published: Nov. 10, 2021

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic causes an overwhelming number of hospitalization and deaths with a significant socioeconomic impact. vast majority studies indicate that asthma allergic diseases do not represent risk factor for COVID-19 susceptibility nor cause more severe course disease. This raises the opportunity to investigate underlying mechanisms interaction between background acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. patients asthma, atopic dermatitis, rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, food allergies drug exhibit over-expression type immune inflammatory pathways contribution epithelial cells, innate lymphoid dendritic T eosinophils, mast basophils, cytokines interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-9, IL-13, IL-31. potential impact inflammation-related on severity its have been reported. In this review, prevalence other common in is addressed. Moreover, non-allergic different control status, currently available treatments such as inhaled oral corticosteroids, short- long-acting β2 agonists, leukotriene receptor antagonists biologicals outcome reviewed. addition, possible protective inflammation infection, expression SARS-CoV-2 entry receptors, antiviral activity eosinophils cross-reactive T-cell epitopes, are discussed. Potential interactions postulated, including recommendations their management.

Language: Английский

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COVID-19 Pandemic–Related Reductions in Pediatric Asthma Exacerbations Corresponded with an Overall Decrease in Respiratory Viral Infections

The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology In Practice, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10(1), P. 91 - 99.e12

Published: Nov. 14, 2021

Respiratory viruses, air pollutants, and aeroallergens are all implicated in worsening pediatric asthma symptoms, but their relative contributions to exacerbations poorly understood. A significant decrease has been observed during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, providing a unique opportunity study how major triggers correlate with activity.To determine whether changes respiratory and/or pandemic were concomitant decreased exacerbations.Health care utilization viral testing data between January 1, 2015, December 31, 2020, extracted from Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Care Network's electronic health record. Air pollution allergen US Environmental Protection Agency public databases National Allergy Bureau-certified station, respectively. Pandemic (2020) compared historical data.Recovery in-person encounters phased reopening (June 6 November 15, 2020) was uneven: primary well specialty reached 94% 74% prepandemic levels, respectively, whereas sick hospital 21% 40% During influenza B negligible frequency when cases, syncytial virus rhinovirus infections low (though nonnegligible) as well. No or aeroallergen levels observations noted.Our results suggest that driver exacerbations. These findings have broad relevance both clinical practice development policies aimed at reducing morbidity.

Language: Английский

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Trends in Hospitalizations for Ambulatory Care–Sensitive Conditions During the COVID-19 Pandemic

JAMA Network Open, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 5(3), P. e222933 - e222933

Published: March 17, 2022

Importance

The association of the COVID-19 pandemic with quality ambulatory care is unknown. Hospitalizations for care–sensitive conditions (ACSCs) are a well-studied measure care; however, they may also be associated other patient-level and system-level factors.

Objective

To describe trends in hospital admissions ACSCs prepandemic period (March 2019 to February 2020) compared 2020 2021).

Design, Setting, Participants

This cross-sectional study adults enrolled commercial health maintenance organization Michigan included 1 240 409 unique (13 011 176 person-months) 206 361 (12 759 675 period.

Exposure

Main Outcomes Measures

Adjusted relative risk (aRR) ACSC hospitalizations intensive unit stays adjusted incidence rate ratio length stay vs 2021) periods, patient age, sex, calendar month admission, county residence.

Results

population period, which 51.3% person-months (n = 6 547 231) were female patients, relatively even age distribution between ages 24 64 years. having any hospitalization was 0.72 (95% CI, 0.69-0.76;P < .001). decrease slightly larger magnitude than overall reduction non-ACSC, non–COVID-19 rates (aRR, 0.82; 95% 0.81-0.83;P Large reductions found respiratory-related 0.54; 0.50-0.58;P .001), non–statistically significant diabetes-related 0.91; 0.83-1.00;P .05) statistically all 0.79; 0.74-0.85;P Among hospitalizations, no change percentage that an 0.99; 0.94-1.04;P .64), (adjusted ratio, 1.02; 0.98-1.06;P .33).

Conclusions Relevance

In this large plan, both non-ACSC particularly seen ACSCs. These likely due many system–level factors rates. Further research into causes long-term outcomes these needed understand how has affected delivery US.

Language: Английский

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